• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.390-413
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• 2010

Facing reconfiguration of world economic order in the process of globalization and changes in domestic economic and social conditions, Japan has experienced a rapid inflow of foreign immigrants and hence a restructuring of labor market and ethic and cultural mixture. This paper explores contexts of inflow and social and spatial characteristics of immigrant workers in Japan. Uneven regional development on the global level and shifting to flexible accumulation regime, depletion of previously underutilized labor resource, better-educated youth and shrinking and aging of Japanese populace on the national level can be pointed out as important elements of immigration contexts. This paper also explains the hierarchizaton of labor market and differentiation of spatial distribution of immigrant workers in Japan in terms of visa condition and nationality. In particular, focusing on the case of Hiroshima prefecture, this paper analyzes residential differentiation of immigrants according to their nationality. Finally, it finds out some problems which immigrant workers have confronted in Hiroshima region.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.27-51
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• 2009

This study looked for ways to carry out development projects in a sustainable manner by generating improvement plans, and focused on reviewing the status and problems associated with the environmental and ecological planning that is currently applied to new town and large-scale development projects. Improved methods were suggested based on differences between urban development and housing development projects. Based on principles set for the introduction of environmental and ecological planning, the size of the projects subject to environmental and ecological planning was set. With regard to the procedural improvements for environmental and ecological planning, nine problems were singled out from the development planning phases. Solutions were suggested by separating the problems into the site and district designation phase, development planning phase, implementation planning phase, and post-management phase based on a literature review and the opinion of experts. In consideration of improvements to the planning system, the scope of environmental and ecological planning was set after looking at information related to environmental and ecological planning, literature review, expert interviews, and the relevance of related plans. The scope of the environmental and ecological planning was divided into the overview of planning, environmental and ecological conception, conception of spatial structure and framework, and urban environment regeneration and impact reduction plans. By synthesizing the above-described results, the functions of environmental and ecological planning, development planning, and environmental assessment and their inter-relations were defined. The defined inter-relations seem likely to be developed into a form that would enable sustainable land development.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.310-321
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• 2016

This study aims to analyze the impact of elements for evaluating the festival, such as festival content, accessibility and convenience and festival image, on visitor satisfaction and behavioral intention, based on the actual case of Seoul Friendship Fair (SFF) which has been hosted by the City of Seoul every May since 1996. The SFF is participated by 64 embassies operating in Seoul and Seoul's 14 sister & friendship cities. Some 100,000 out of the total 350,000 visitors to the SFF are from overseas. The main elements of this study include survey responses about festival content and population statistics frequency analysis conducted over 277 festival visitors. As for factors, as a result of varimax rotation over main elements, technical statistics, credibility analysis and correlation analysis were done over each element group of five. Hypothesis was validated through regression analysis that the elements for evaluating local festivals have an impact on visitor satisfaction and behavioral intention. The suggestions and results of this study, both theoretical and practical, were presented to help the SFF differentiate itself and thereby become one of Seoul's most representative festivals.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.75-132
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• 1997

피부는 항시 산소와 접촉하고 있고 자오선 조사에 크게 노출되어 있다. 따라서, 활성산소종으로 유도된 피부의 광산화적 손상 위험이 실질적으로 증가하고 있다. 활성산소종이란 한 무리로서 수퍼옥사이드 음이온과 히드록실 라디칼과 같은 산소 중심의 라디칼을 포함할 뿐만 아니라, 과산화수소나 싱글렛 옥시전과 같은 몇 종류의 비라디칼종들, 그 외의 다른 것으로, 활성산소종과 생체 성분과의 반응으로 유래된 과산화 라디칼, 알콕실 라디칼, 히드로과산화물 식세포에서 살균작용을 나타내는 HOCl등을 포함한다. 피부에는 복잡한 항산화 방어망이 발달되어 활성산소종에 대항하여 보호작용을 한다. SOD, 카탈라아제, 글루타치온퍼옥시다제 등의 항산화효소와 $\alpha$-토코페롤, 아스코르브산, 카로티노이드 등의 비효소적 항산화 물질들이 피부 항산화 방어망을 구축하고 있다. 그러나 계속된 자외선에의 노출로 생성된 과잉의 활성산소종은 실질직으로 피부의 효소적 그리고 비효소적 항산화 방어를 위태롭게 한다. 따라서 균형은 산화상태 쪽으로 유리하게 기울어진다 결과적으로 산화적 스트레스는 세포 성분들에 대한 손상을 야기시킨다. 지질 과산화, 단백질 산화, 탄력 섬유인 콜라겐과 엘라스틴의 사슬절단 밀 비장성적인 교차결합, 히아루론산 사슬의 절단, 멜라닌 생성반응 촉진, DNA 산화와 같은 생체 구성 성분들의 손상이 일어난다. 결국에는 탄력감소, 주름살 및 기미, 주근깨 등으로 특징 지워지는 피부노화가 가속화된다. 따라서 필요한 항상화제를 함유한 식품이나 화장품을 통한 계속적인 항산화제 보충으로 피부 항산화 방어망을 견고히 할 때 피부노화는 지연되고 억제될 것이다.주거를 구분하고 있는 것으로 조사되었으나, 아직까지 절반 가량(52.2%)의 상점들이 다른 사람 소유의 건물을 전 ·월세로 임대하여 사용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 고수동굴 주변의 상업적 특성은 90년대에 들어서면서 자기 고장에 있는 관광자원을 내 고향의 자랑거리로 생각하고 이를 지역발전의 밑거름으로 활용하고자 하는 인식이 늘어나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나, 관광지로서의 특성이라 할 수 있는 다른 관광동굴과의 차별성이 부족하다고 할 수 있다. 즉 다른 지역의 기념품점에서 구입할 수 없는 고수동굴만이 갖고 있는 특징적인 기념품을 판매함으로써 관광객의 구매욕구를 높인다거나 고수동굴의 일주관광 후 관광객을 좀 더 머무르게 할 수 있는 시설의 개발이 더 필요하다.유의한 차이를 나타내는 항목이 많았으며 12주에서 vehicle과 유의적인 차이를 나타내는 항목도 많으므로 3-APPA가 APSA 보다 광범위한 피부노화 억제 효과를 갖는 물질이라고 할 수 있다.주도적 역할을 수행해야 할 것이다. 넷째, 선박금융제도의 개선과 신금융상품의 개발이 요구된다. 내수 수요인 계획조선의 지원조건을 개선하고 연불수출자금을 BBC자금으로 활용토록하여 국내 선주들의 신조를 유도해야 할 것이다. 그 외에 향후 금융개방화에 맞추어 해외자금을 활용한 리스금융, 상사금융 등의 민간신용제도를 더욱 활성화하고 선진국의 선박금융기법에 대한 연구 및 도입 등 선주들에게 다양한 선박건조자금을 제공하여 내수기반 확충에도 노력해야 할 것 이다.있었다., 인삼이 성장될 때 부분적인 영양상태의 불충분이나 기후 등에 따른 영향을 받을 수 있기 때문에 앞으로 이에 대한 많은 연구가

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.302-318
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• 2008

As socio-economic paradigms have been moving towards the knowledge-based capitalism from the industrial capitalism, it is obvious that research on industrial agglomeration and regional innovation has been explosively increased. However, there is a contradictory tendency that the terms and concepts, which are related to industrial agglomeration, have became less clear and more fuzzy. In this sense, this paper attempts to tackle and reconsider the concept, typology and theories of agglomeration and (or) cluster in economic geography. The main claims are as follows. Firstly, the terms and concepts related to industrial agglomeration and cluster need to be clear. It seems to be that cluster is received as an umbrella concept of agglomerations all-embracing the varieties of a geographical concentration of industry. However, the authors claim that the cluster concept should be part of the diverse types of industrial agglomeration. Secondly, the tendency of a less clear definition on agglomeration and cluster could make it difficult to identify the types of agglomeration being in the forms of diversity. Such a tendency would result in a misguided understanding and interpretation of a typology of agglomeration. Finally and most importantly, as perspectives or theories that are associated with industrial agglomeration and cluster show increasingly a propensity of convergence, it is problematic that related theories and perspectives lose their own identity and distinctiveness.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.820-844
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• 2014

Various innovation theories, such as innovation system, innovation cluster, triple helix model, are different in their focus. However they all emphasize the interaction between innovation actors in order to generate, diffuse, and appropriate technological innovations successfully. This study analyzes how the interaction of innovation actors in Daedeok Innopolis has been changed since the introduction of innovation cluster policy like the designation of Daedeok Innopolis. Based on the analysis of survey data, Innopolis statistics, and patent joint-application data, we come to the conclusions that the Daedeok Innopolis has characteristics of multi-level governance structure, in which innovation cluster, i.e. Daedeok Innopolis, regional innovation system, and national innovation system directly overlap under the framework of innovation system. In addition, from the perspectives of triple helix model, we are able to verify that the inter-domain interactions between innovation actors, such as tri-lateral network, have been constantly increased in the Daedeok Innopolis. Based on our analysis, we identify some policy suggestions in order to strengthen the competitiveness of the Daedeok Innopolis as well as other innovation clusters in Korea. First, the network activities between innovation actors within innovation cluster should be strengthened based on the geographical accessibility. Second, private intermediate organizations should be established and their roles should be extended. Third, the entrepreneurial activities of universities within innovation cluster should be strengthened. In other words, the roles of universities within the Innopolis should be activated. Finally, the government should provide relevant policy supports to activate the interactions between innovation actors within innovation cluster.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.53-62
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• 2011

Although the demand of Variable Message Sign(VMS) has become pervasive in fulfilling the ITS policy, there are still several unsolved problematic issues. The most critical ones of them are inequality and inefficiency of providing traffic information. This paper proposes the Infra-free Variable Message Sign in order to provide useful informations such as road condition, weather, and traffic of the area, where constructing the infrastructure of communication and power supply is relatively very hard. First of all, the characteristics of infra-free Variable Message Sign are studied and analyzed in deep because of differences between normal Variable Message Sign and Infra-free Variable Message Sign in the configuration and the operating method due to the nature of the Infra-free Variable Message Sign. Futhermore, for effective power management of operating Infra-free Variable Message Sign with limited power acquired through stand-alone PV system, new battery connection structure and dynamically variable power managements for the differently shown messages on Variable Message Sign are proposed. The proposed structure in this paper can be applied to not only power management for Infra-free Variable Message Sign but also power management for the various applications using parallel connection battery system.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing the health status of first-year high school students leisure activity time, considering of the city size. Methods: This study utilized the first cohort survey of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. The analysis was used data from survey targeting first-year high school students of 2021. The city size was divided into large cities and medium and small-sized cities, and T-test was conducted to examine differences in factors by city size, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing health status according to leisure activity time on weekdays and weekends by city size. Results: In large cities, exercise and physical activity time and other than that, Time to play with friends had a positive effect(+), Time to play with a smartphone had a negative effect(-) on both weekdays and weekends. In medium and small-sized cities, Exercise and physical activity time and Time to play while watching TV had a positive influence(+) on both weekdays and weekends, while Time to play with a smartphone had a negative influence(-). Conclusion: There were the same questions for factors influencing health status, but other questions also appeared. Leisure activities that have a positive(+) impact on health status by city size are supported so that leisure activities can be actively carried out, while leisure activities that have a negative(-) impact are participate in other leisure activities together to improve health. It is believed that this plan should be considered.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.53-80
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• 2006

This research has been accomplished to build up the growth strategies of Kangwon district's small & medium-sized construction firms. For this purpose, we made an investigation of the present situation and status for existing regional small & medium construction firms by analyzing data. Based on the results from this study, the following growth strategies are suggested to gain their competitive advantages. Firstly, most of all, the role of the top manager is the most important factor since most of the top manager for the small & medium-sized construction firms coincide with the owner the firms. Secondly, the specialization strategy is to establish. Above all they concentrate their business capacities on core business. Then, this growth strategy should be based on the selective escalation of functions in order to maintain an appropriate level of construction works. Thirdly, the specialized skills and skilled workers are ensured for competitive advantages. For human resource development, they should train workers to be multi-functioned on the assumption the they could stay at firm until they wish to retire. Finally, the government must also spare no effort to encourage the small & medium-sized construction firms to build up it's competitive power and cultivate it's spontaneous generation power though the reformation of system related whit the small and medium construction industry.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1045-1078
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study is to improve the effectiveness of Korea's ODA projects on agricultural technology transfer to Africa. This study investigates agricultural extension system of African countries and provides a direction of the systematic strategies of the Korean ODAs on agricultural technology. This study pays particular attention on Africanization of agricultural technology transfer of the Korean ODA strategies. Unlike the previous studies focusing mainly on micro level investigation on the ODA strategy development, the present study incorporates the agricultural technology dissemination system of Ethiopia and Uganda in a macro perspective to develop a desirable form of the ODA strategy. The findings illustrate that the technology dissemination systems of the case countries have different characteristics depending on the function and organization of extension agency. And their functional capability and role segmentation by the extension agency are differently configured, too. In case of Ethiopia, top-down structure for the agricultural extension system has been built. Farmers' group and field agent of the information delivery system has expanded their participation into the system. However, we also find that the system of Ethiopia still lacks effective use of its existing technology, since it puts more emphasis on management aspects than improvement of agricultural productivity for farmers. On the other hand, even though Uganda has established participatory extension system that encompasses the entire agencies of the extension system, government efforts to enhance the extension system are still concentrated on expanding research functions rather than technical dissemination. The results imply that promoting and strengthening localization of the ODA strategy has to be developed to make localization policy of the Korean ODA. The present study concludes with some specific policy implications for necessary conditions of the agricultural development in African countries.