• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.300-310
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• 2006

Genomic DNA isolated from three geographical gizzard-shad (Konosirus punctatus) populations in Seocheon (SC), Busan (BS) and Gochang (GC) collected in the West Sea and the southern sea, respectively, off the Korean Peninsula, were PCR-amplified repeatedly. Eight selected decamer and 20-mer primers generated a total of 713 loci in the SC population, 791 in the BS population, and 732 in the GC population, with a DNA fragment size ranging from 100 bp to 2,800 bp. We identified 50 unique loci for the SC population, 70 unique loci for the BS population and 130 for the GC population: 120 shared loci for the three populations. There were 108 specific loci (15.1%) for the SC population, 74 (9.4%) for the BS population, and 67 (9.2%) for the GC population. Eight primers also generated 48 polymorphic loci (6.7%) for the SC population, 26 (3.3%) for the BS population, and 16 (2.2%) for the GC population. The similarity matrix ranged from 0.756 to 0.936 for the SC population, from 0.800 to 0.938 for the BS population, and from 0.731 to 0.959 for the GC population. The dendrogram obtained by the eight primers indicates three genetic clusters: cluster 1 (SEOCHEON 01~SEOCHEON 10), cluster 2 (BUSAN 11~BUSAN 20 and GOCHANG 23~GOCHANG 24), and cluster 3 (GOCHANG 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30). As stated above, some individuals of the GC population appear to belong in BS population. When seeing this result, it was thought with the fact that some individuals of 2 populations seem to come and go partially. Thus, RAPD-PCR analysis revealed a significant genetic distance between the three geographical gizzard-shad populations. Using various decamer and 20-mer primers, RAPD-PCR may be applied to identify specific/polymorphic markers that are particular to a species and geographic population, and to define genetic diversity, polymorphisms, and similarities among geographical gizzard-shad populations.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-80
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• 2017

In this study, we investigate social preference of gifted students by analyzing their behaviors in social dilemma situations. We conducted an experimental study using ultimatum games and public goods games with 132 academically gifted middle school students who attended the Ewha-Seodaemun Center for gifted education from 2012 to 2016. We also experimented the same games with 87 regular students for comparative analysis. The result of ultimatum game experiment shows that there is no statistical difference in the proposed share of both groups. Their proposed share ranges from 37% to 38% as expected in other similar studies. However, the rejection rate of the respondents to the proposals with small share are significantly higher among gifted students than among their regular counterparts. This result implies that the gifted students show stronger negative reciprocity, meaning that they tend to punish selfish behaviors even when it takes some costs. In finitely repeated public goods game experiments, the results show that both groups' contribution rates decrease toward the end of the experiments. However, the gifted students show strategic cooperation by attempting to increase the other members' contribution rate within an experimental group. This implies that gifted students tend to care more about how to increase their own expected rewards by reciprocating other students' behaviors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.314-321
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• 2002

Women with the premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) report increased cravings for certain foods and altered taste preferences ding the premenstrual period. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association of PMDD with luteal phase food cravings, appetite, and taste preferences in 1,078 nurses. Among the 626 nurses who gave valid responses, the prevalence of PMDD and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) was 4.6% (N = 29) and 78.3% (N = 490), respectively. A highly significant increase was observed in the preference for sweet tasting foods during the luteal phase, compared to the follicular phase. Desire for sweet foods during the premenstrual period was significantly different among the three groups, being highest in the PMDD group, lower in the PMS group, and lowest in women with no symptoms. Both the PMDD and PMS groups showed significant increases in preferences for pungent tasting foods during the luteal phase. A repeated measures of analysis of variance on the taste preference data revealed that the desire for sweet tasting foods was significantly greater than for others such as salty, sour, and pungent tastes. A greater proportion of the subjects in the PMDD and PMS groups reported an increase in their total food intake during the luteal phase, compared to those women without premenstrual symptoms. Compared to the PMS group or the women with no symptoms, the PMDD group reported increased intakes of high carbohydrate foods during the luteal phase. The most commonly reported food cravings were for sauteed spicy rice cakes (ddukbokki), or for cold buckwheat noodles mixed in chili pepper sauce. These results indicate that the luteal phase food cravings, appetite and taste preferences change in accordance with the severity of the premenstrual symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.375-384
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• 2020

This study examined the trajectories of the marital satisfaction of parents to classify its latent classes and how marital satisfaction influences the behavioral problems of their children between the identified latent classes. The 1st to 8th and 10th data from the Korea Child-Adolescent Panel Survey were analyzed using the latent class growth analysis and BCH method. First, based on the mother's trajectory of marital satisfaction, five latent classes were identified: 'low constant', 'intermediate constant', 'temporary increment-constantly decrement', 'high constant, and 'highest constant'. At the same time, based on the father's trajectory of marital satisfaction, four latent classes were identified: 'increment', 'intermediate-slightly decrement', 'high-slightly decrement', and 'highest constant'. Second, mothers with low marital satisfaction had more children with behavioral problems, and their influence had more problems with internalized behavioral problems. These problems progressed to externalized behavioral problems as they grew. Both internalized and externalized behavioral problems were also found between the identified latent classes of the father's marital satisfaction. Children of fathers with low marital satisfaction showed more behavioral problems. These findings suggest that the marital satisfaction of parents is an important variable that can influence the behavioral problems of their children.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.744-754
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• 2020

We investigated the whether endurance exercise and MitoQ intake mediated neuroprotection are associated with mitochondrial function in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) -induced mice model of Parkinson's disease. C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to five groups: Normal Conrol(NC, n=10), MPTP Control(MC, n=10), MPTP +MitoQ(MQ, n=10), MPTP + Exercise(ME, n=10) and MPTP + MitoQ + Exercise(MQE, n=10). Exercise intervention groups performed the treadmill exercise for 5days/week for 5 weeks with gradual increase of intensity. MitoQ intake groups consumed the MitoQ at a concentration of 250μmol by dissolving with water during experiment period. Our data demonstrated that ME and MQE group restored MPTP-induced motor dysfunction. In addition, treatment groups(MQ, ME and MQE) increased tyrosine hydroxylase levels, and suppressed the accumulation of α-synuclein levels. Futhermore, treatment groups modulated the mitochondrial function such as upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis, increased antioxidant enzyme, enhanced a anti-apoptotic protein(e.g., BCL2), and reduced a pro-apoptotic protein(e.g., BAX). Taken together, these results suggested that endurance exercise and MitoQ intake-mediated increase in mitochondrial function contributes to improvement of aggravated dopaminergic neuronal, resulting in attenuation of motor function of Parkinson's disease.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.292-301
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• 2020

This study explored the changes in nutrition knowledge and eating habits formation of infants through vegetable gardening activities in early childhood education institutions. children from H nursery school located in Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, and H nursery school located in Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, were divided into 18 experimental groups and 18 people from comparison group and pre-post analysis was conducted. The research tool analyzed the data collected using the nutrition knowledge measuring tool and the eating habits measuring tool using the program SPSS, and the analysis method was conducted with t-test(verification) to verify the homogeneity of the experimental group and the comparative group. Analysis result, first. Infants aged 3 to 4 in experimental groups who have experienced vegetable gardening activities have higher nutritional knowledge than infants in comparison groups. In the case of nutrition knowledge, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the comparative group before the vegetable gardening activities were carried out. But after the experimental treatment, the experimental group showed statistically significant differences in improving the concept of nutritional knowledge (the reason for eating food, the type and function of food, hygiene, and garden) in the post-examination of the comparative group. Second, it can be seen that infants aged 3 to 4 in experimental groups who experienced vegetable gardening activities showed significant differences in table manners and eating behavior among sub-factors of eating habits compared to infants in comparison groups who had never experienced them. In conclusion, vegetable gardening activities are educationally useful in terms of expecting positive changes in the nutrition knowledge and eating habits formation of infants.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.231-255
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• 2012

This study examined the communication and conflict between ship prganization and ship management team. Those are measured and analyzed about both groups, and then the relationships would be investigated objectively and synthetically. Especially, this relationships are enlightened by measuring the level and gap of the communication and group conflict between ship organization and ship management team. The effect of that conflict is analyzed on the organization commitment and job satisfaction of ship organizations. As a result, this study demonstrates the communications have a negative influence on group conflict with statistic significance, also the conflicts effect negatively on the organization commitment and job satisfaction. In the analysis of gaps about the communication and conflict between groups, the level of group conflict is lowest in the group whose gap of communication is small and both communications are activated, and the organization commitment and job satisfaction are highest in the group whose gap of group conflicts is small and both level of the conflicts are low. To conclude, the ship organization and ship management teams in the shipping company have to lessen their conflict each other and heighten the organization commitment and job satisfaction through their smooth communication.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 2006

Phylogenetic relationships and DNA polymorphism among local populations of the Korean native catfish species, Liobagrus mediadiposalis, have been investigated based on mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences. As a result, three genetically distinct groups of local populations were recognized based on the phylogenetic tree constructed. The first group was called "Nakdong-river group" that included the local populations from Geumho-river, Gyeongho-river, and Deokcheon-river; the second one was "Geum-river group"; the third one was represented as "Seomjin-river group" that included the samples from Seomjin-river, Dongjin-river and Geokum-do. The phylogeny also implied that the ancestral group of L. mediadiposalis have first evolved to Nakdong-river group, and later two local populations (Geum-river and Seomjinriver group) were diverged from the other lineage. DNA polymorphisms we observed were 4.4~4.7% between Geum-river group and Seomjin-river group, 5.1~5.5% between Seomjinriver group and Nakdong-river group, and 5.5~5.7% between Nakdong-river group and Geumriver group. These results indicated the long period of geographic isolation due to the river system in Korea caused such high degrees of DNA polymorphisms between local populations of L. mediadiposalis.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 2019

Artificial interspecific matings between Matsumuraeses phaseoli and M. falcana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were conducted to know the possibility of hybridization of the two sympatric species. Reciprocal crossings successfully produced F1 hybrids. Most of F2 crosses yielded progenies except all mating trials with females of F1 hybrid obtained from M. phaseoli female. Inbreedings of the F2 hybrids produced F3 progenies. In backcrossings between F1 hybrids and parent lines, all the two mating trials with females of F1 hybrid obtained from M. phaseoli females did not produce any progeny, while other 6 backcrosses produced the next generations. Inbreedings of the backcross lines also produced subsequent progenies. These results indicated that F1 females produced from hybridization between M. phaseoli females and M. falcana males were sterile. Conclusively, it suggested that a partial reproductive isolation at a postzygotic stage can occur between the two sympatric species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.4
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• pp.435-442
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• 2006

A total of 167 peculiar haplotypes confirmed from 28 cpSR variants that were observed in 19 populations of Japanese red pine in Korea through cpSSR marker analysis. Thirteen individuals that showed identical haplotype dispersed evenly in 10 populations, and the average number of effective haplotype within population was 13.37. Estimate of genetic diversity (He) was 0.987 on the basis of cpSSR haplotype variants that was equivalent to or higher than the estimates reported in other studies on some forest tree species. Estimation of genetic diversity (S.I.) on the basis of cpSSR variants composing each haplotype revealed the highest estimate of 1.109 for the population of Gangwon-Yeongwol and the lowest estimate of 0.411 for the population of Gyeongbuk Mungyeong with the average of 0.887. Most of observed cpSSR variants appeared to exist commonly in 19 populations (97.62%), and genetic differentiation of cpSSR variants among populations was turned out to be weak (${\Phi}_{ST}=0.024$). Relatively fast rate of mutation of cpSSR marker might be a major cause for such weak population differentiation. There was no identical haplotype shared between 39 population pairs of 173 pair-wise population pairs. Estimation of genetic distance among 19 populations on the basis of population pairs was also impossible, that might be resulted from restricted migration among 19 populations. Considering the observed distribution patterns of cpSSR variants in addition to the previous studies on I-SSR variants, informations on the present geographic location and genetic status of populations should be considered together for effective sustainable management of the genetic resources of Japanese red pine in Korea.