• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

This study is a case study to identify the spatial composition and structural problems of existing schools for spatial innovation as a future school that can operate a credit system for old high schools and establish a mid-to-long-term arrangement plan as a credit system operating school capable of various teaching and learning in the future. The study results are as follows: First, most of the problems of the old high schools entailed that there was very poor connectivity between buildings as most of them were arranged in a single, standard design-type unit building and distributed in multiple buildings. In addition, the floor plan of each building is suggested to be a structure in which student exchange and rest functions cannot be achieved during the break period due to the spatial composition of the classroom and hallway concepts. Second, in the direction of the high school space configuration for future school space innovation, the arrangement plan should be established by reflecting the collective arrangement in consideration of the shortening of the movement route and the expansion of subject areas due to the movement of students on the premise of the subject classroom system. Moreover, it is desirable to provide a square-type space for rest and exchange in the central area where communication and exchange are possible according to the moving class. Third, as the evaluation criteria for relocating old high schools, a space program is prepared based on the number of classes in the future, and legal analysis of school land use and land use efficiency analysis considering regional characteristics are conducted. Based on such analysis data, mid-to-long-term land use plans and space arrangement plans for the entire school space such as the school facility complex are established.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to present an alternative improving the efficient and reasonable of the physical distribution system management is influenced by many factors. Therefore, the study depends on the documentary method and survey method to achieve the purpose of this study. The major components of a physical distribution system are refers to as elements, include warehouse·storage system, transportation system, inventory system, physical distribution information system. The factors used in this study are ① factor of product(quality·A/S·added value of product·adaption of product·technical competitive power to other enterprises), ② factor of market(market channel·kinds of customer·physical distribution share), ③ factor of warehouse·storage(warehouse design·size·direction·storage ability·warehouse quality), ④ factor of transportation(promptness·reliability·responsibility·kinds of transportation·cooperation united transportation system·national transportation network), ⑤ factor of packaging (packaging design·material·educating program·pollution degree measure program), ⑥ factor of inventory(ordinary inventory criterion·consistence for inventories record), ⑦ factor of unloaded(unloaded machine·having machine ratio), ⑧ factor of information system (physical distribution quantity analysis·usable computer part), ⑨ factor of physical distribution cost(sales ratio to product) ⑩ factor of physical distribution system(physical distribution center etc). The implication of this study can be summarized as follows: ① In firms that have not adopted a systems integrative approach, physical distribution is a fragmented and often uncoordinated set of activities spread throughout various functions with function having its own set of priorities and measurements. ② The physical distribution is recognized as more an important strategic factor than a simple cost reduction factor, ③ It can be used a strategic competition tool to enterprise.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to develop a theme-based integrated teaching/learning plan in clothing, food, and housing in home economics and to apply the developed process in classes for evaluation in order to identify the suitability in schools. The theme-based integrated teaching/learning plan developed on the basis of textbooks consist four sub-themes; choosing($1^{st}$ and $2^{nd)$ lessons), using($3^{rd}$ lesson), processing ($4^{th}$ lesson), and alternatives($5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ lessons) under the main theme of 'green family life'. The results from 20 individual and group activities showed that the students actively solved the problems when the presented cases were related to their own lives or experiences. The opportunity to implement green life through activities motivated students' willingness to proceed in real life. However, it is vital to assist integrated thinking through various examples before beginning due to students with difficulties connecting the issue from one area to the other during the problem-focused activity. The students' ability to solve the activity workbook had been improved as the lessons continued. From the survey questions on the theme-based integrated lessons, all items associated with integration of clothing, foods, and housing were positively responded. Also, questions regarding general understanding, suitability and satisfaction on the teaching/learning process were marked positive. The conclusion could be that the integrated theme related to clothing, food, and housing in our life would be appropriate for green family life. The theme-based integrated teaching/learning plan is effective in understanding the occurrence of green family life in relation with clothing, food, and housing, identifying the practical ideas implementing green life in those areas, and improving the integrated ability to solve the green life related problems. However, this research has its weakness in generalizing the results due to its limited survey respondents and post-evaluation being the only assessment conducted.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3547-3554
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to take hold of the present situation as well as the perspective of the domestic alcohol specialized hospitals. The structured questionnaire was prepared to understand the type of services, manpower and systematic programs. Among eight hospitals that stand for the alcohol addiction specialized hospitals, six hospitals agreed to participate in the survey, which was made from Jun. 17 to July 15, 2010. The average number of beds of the surveyed hospitals was 208. They were mostly private ones(66.7%), located in urban area(50%), and had experiences of alcohol treatment less than five years(50%). While all of them practiced both the inpatient and outpatient services, only 33% provided the systematic outpatient program that was at least 2 or 3 hours per week. All hospitals practiced the physical and individual psychological evaluations, but only 16.1% had the daytime programs. The beds of protective ward were 72% of all beds, and the beds of night and day occupied 7.6% and 2.6% respectively. It was found that although the average number of mental health social worker and mental health nurse was larger than that required in the regulation of mental health law there are significant deviations between hospitals. However, the manpower of psychiatrists and nurses were comparatively large. The first problem indicated by clinical experts was the patient's refusal of care, which results in an inefficiency in the treatment. The next problem was the lack of local health care institutions that can attend on the discharged patients were important issues. Also the low reimbursement and indifferences to the alcohol abuse were considered as important issues.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-104
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore early childhood teachers' content knowledge and knowledge level on unification education through an analysis of a concept map (Novak & Gowin, 1984). Methods: The subjects, including 65 early childhood teachers in a metropolitan area, were asked to draw concept maps illustrating their understanding of unification education for young children. The collected concept maps were analyzed using the methods utilized by Novak and Gowin (1984) as well as You and Kim (2018). Results: In terms of early childhood teachers' content knowledge, 282 superordinate concepts and 1,766 subordinate concepts were shown. The 282 superordinate concepts were categorized into 7 representative superordinate concepts: understanding of North Korean, understanding of separation/unification, identification as Korean citizen, unification policy, relationship between South Korea & North Korea, educational activities, connection with home and society. In terms of early childhood teachers' knowledge level, the numbers of subordinate concepts and hierarchical level were shown to be varied according to the 7 representative superordinate concepts. Conclusion/Implications: Discussions were included to support and enhance early childhood teachers' content knowledge on unification education for young children through the development of comprehensive programs and teacher education.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.217-226
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• 2017

Although the effects of climate change are universal, Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are considered to be most vulnerable. SIDS heavily rely on imported oil and fossil fuels for electricity generation and transportation, which makes them economically vulnerable and exposed to fluctuating oil price. Among the reasons SIDS highly depend on diesel fuel is due to the dispersed population living in remote islands which means, providing electricity through on on-grid system is difficult. Fiji as one of the SIDS, has actively promoted renewable sourced energy through a national plan to mitigate the impacts of climate change. In order to determine how feasible implementing a renewable energy (RE) system will be in Fiji, this study chose a remote island called Mavuva Island to test application of a hybrid RE system using HOMER. A combination of energy storage system (ESS), solar photovoltaic (PV) and diesel generator turns out to be the most cost effective and optimal configuration, resulting in effective greenhouse gas reduction for the given region.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.579-586
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• 2010

Due to the recent development of measuring technology and 3D programs, it has become possible to obtain various spatial data. This study utilizes the 2-dimensional data and 3-dimensional data extraction technology based on the existing empirical and statistical DB. The data obtained from geospatial data technology are integrated with civil engineering BIM to conduct the modeling of the topography of the target region and select the optimum location condition by using the cut and fill balance of the volume of earth. The target area is the land around Tamjin River, Jangheong-gun, Jeolla-do. The 3-dimensional topology linked with 3-dimensional mapping technology by using the orth-image and aerial LiDAR that uses aerial photo of the target area is visualized with Civil3D of AutoDesk. By using Civil3D program, the Thanks to the recent development of measuring technology and 3D programs, target area is analyzed through visualization and related data can be obtained for analysis. The method of using civil engineering BIM enables to obtain various and accurate information about the target area which is helpful for addressing the issues risen from the existing methodology. In this regard, it aims at searching for the alternatives and provides suggestions to utilize the information.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.927-934
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• 2015

In this study, we numerically investigated the concentration characteristics of a linear Fresnel reflector system that can drive a solar thermal absorption refrigeration system to be installed in Saudi Arabia. Using an optical modeling program based on the Monte Carlo ray-tracing method, we simulated the concentrated solar flux, concentration efficiency, and concentrated solar energy on four representative days of the year - the vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumnal equinox, and winter solstice. Except the winter solstice, the concentrations were approximately steady from 9 AM to 15 PM, and the concentration efficiencies exceed 70%. Moreover, the maximum solar flux around the solar receiver center changes only within the range of $13.0{\sim}14.6kW/m^2$. When we investigated the effects of the receiver installation height, reflector width, and reflector gap, the optimal receiver installation height was found to be 5 m. A smaller reflector width had a greater concentration efficiency. However, the design of the reflector width should be based on the capacity of the refrigeration system because it dominantly affects the concentrated solar energy. The present study was an essential prerequisite for thermal analyses of the solar receiver. Thus, an optical-thermal integration study in the future will assist with the performance prediction and design of the entire system.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.177-180
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• 2018

최근 4차 산업혁명 시대라 하여 새로운 기술들이 등장하고 기술들이 융합되면서 새롭고 혁신적인 산업과 서비스가 창출되고 있다. 이러한 시대에 청소년들의 새로운 아이디어와 기술은 4차 산업혁명에 맞는 새로운 성장 동력을 확보할 수 있을 것이라고 여겨진다. 4차 산업의 혁명이 요청되는 이 시기에 산업을 견인할 수 있는 길은 창업의 길이다. 따라서 창업을 통해 4차 산업혁명을 이끌어갈 수 있는 인재가 무엇보다도 필요하다. 청소년들은 학교 프로그램을 통해 다양한 창업교육을 접하고 있으며, 공공기관의 대표적인 창업교육은 중소벤처기업부(구 중소기업청)가 주관하고 있는 BizCool이 있다. 교육부에서 중학생들에게 자유학기제를 2016년 1월 1일부터 실시하고 있으며 BizCool 교육을 통한 창업, 진학, 취업의 우수 사례들이 등장하면서 2017년 현재 대한민국 약 500여개의 학교에서 중소벤처기업부의 지원을 받아 BizCool 교육이 진행 되고 있다. BizCool은 청소년들의 기업가정신 함양 및 모의 창업 교육을 통해 확고한 경제관념을 형성하고 꿈 끼 도전정신 진취성을 갖춘 '융합형 창의인재' 양성을 목적으로 한다. 본 논문은 중학교 자유학기제를 통한 창업교육이 학생들에게 긍정적 사고와 학습성취도에 미치는 관계에 대해 연구하는데 목적을 두었다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 대전광역시교육청에서 자유학기제 BizCool 교육을 받는 3개 학교를 선정하였고 갑천중, 도안중, 문정중 3개 학교의 창업교육 담당교사의 도움을 받아 창업교육 참가 학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 연구결과를 분석하였다. 실증분석결과, 첫째, 창업교육은 학생들의 긍정적 사고에 양의 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 창업교육은 학생들의 학습성취도에 양의 영향을 미친다는 것을 제시하였다. 셋째, 창업교육은 학생들의 학습성취도에 긍정적 사고가 매개효과를 미친다는 것을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 시사하는 바는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구결과 자유학기제 창업교육은 학생들에게 학습성취도를 높여 주었다. 따라서 학생들에게 도움이 되는 BizCool 교육을 전국 초, 중, 고등학교 11,733개교에 확산시켜 체계적으로 습득 할 수 있는 환경이 조성되어야 할 것이다. 둘째, 연구결과 창업교육은 긍정적 사고에 영향을 미쳤다. 전기숙(2016)에 따르면 청소년의 행복에 있어서 긍정적인 대인관계가 가장 중요한 요인이 된다고 하였다. BizCool 교육을 통해 사람과 팀의 소중함을 깨달으며 소통하는 법을 노력한다면 바른 인성을 갖춘 창의성 높은 학생들로 성장할 것이다. 셋째, 연구결과 창업교육의 학습성취도는 긍정적 사고를 가지고 있는 학생들에게 더욱 높게 나타났다. 긍정적 사고를 가지고 자신감 있게 매사 행동해 나간다면 학생들은 성취로 인한 만족감을 느끼며 행복한 학교생활을 해나갈 수 있고 BizCool 교육과 함께 멋진 미래를 만들어 갈 것이다. 본 연구에서 한계점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특정 지역, 특정 학교를 대상으로 실시하였기 때문에 표본의 수가 제한적이므로 전체를 대표하기에는 제약이 있다. 둘째, 긍정적 사고는 학생들의 환경과 상황에 따라 달라질 수 있으므로 연구 대상자의 조건 면에서 한계가 있다. 셋째, 중학교 자유학기제 창업교육의 체계화가 미비하다. 학교에서 창업교육을 하는 담당 교사는 창업 경험이 풍부하지 않기 때문에 창업교육 전문가가 필요하며 국가기관과 기업 등이 연계한 학습 형태를 구축하여 더 활발하고 현장감 있는 창업교육이 실시되기를 바란다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.491-500
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• 2005

To test applicability to the Hanwoo traceability system, twenty microsatellite markers were selected and analyzed. MSA, CERVUS, FSTAT, GENEPOP, API_CALC and PHYLIP software was employed serially to estimate heterozygosity, polymorphic information content, F-statistics, identity probability, exclusion probability and genetic distance. Eleven microsatellite markers(TGLA53, TGLA227, ETH185, TGLA122, BM4305, INRA23, ILSTS013, BMS1747, BM2113, BL1009, and ETH3) were selected based on their high heterozygosity values. Identity probability using these markers is one hundred times higher than when using StockMakersTM of Applied Biosystems. This indicates the selected microsatellite markers are appropriate and effective for use in the Hanwoo traceability system. Additionally, estimates of DA genetic distance and pairwise-FST can be utilized to identify genetic relationships between adjacent farms.