• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.198-206
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• 2003

To assess potential risk of the benzimidazole fungicides, their cytotoxicities were evaluated. Activities of LDH(Lactic dehydrogenase) in the culture fluid of CHL(chinese hamster lung) fiberoblast cell treated with 4.0, 16.0 or $32.0{\mu}g/mL$ of carbendazim for 24 hours were elevated 2.16, 2.94 and 2.64 folds compared to the control, respectively. DNA synthesis was inhibited by 45% at $2.0{\mu}g/mL$ of carbendazim. Benzimidazole fungicides showed high toxicity to cell and mitochondria of CHL cell by Giemsa and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. $IC_{50}$ by the Giemsa assay of thiophanate-methyl, benomyl, carbendazim and captafol were over 125, 1.2, 30.0 and $0.3{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. $IC_{50}$ by the MTT assay of thiophanate-methyl, benomyl, carbendazim and captafol were over 125, 18.7, 20.4 and $2.6{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Inhibitory concentration of cell median proliferation by SRB (sulforhodamin B) assay for thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, benomyl, and captafol were 17.4, 5.3, 1.5 and $0.5{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Accordingly, benzimidazole fungicides inhibited DNA synthesis, mitochondrial function, cell proliferation and induced cell necrosis.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2018

Acne is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs in puberty and young people. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is known to be a major cause of inflammation in acne. P. acnes proliferates within hair follicles blocked by overproduced sebum in the skin, and thereby activates monocytic cells to promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we investigated the possibility of Cnestis palala (Lour.) Merr. extract to diminish P. acnes-mediated inflammatory responses. We found that C. palala extract significantly attenuated P. acnes-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions, such as $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, iNOS, and COX-2 in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, we observed that C. palala extract inhibited $NF-{\kappa}B$ transcriptional activation, which is the major transcription factor of inflammatory cytokine expression. Therefore, it is expected that C. palala extract has a potential as a therapeutic agent or supplement for the treatment P. acnes-induced inflammatory responses.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 1995

The presence of biological response modifiers (BRMI-like effect was confirmed in peritoneal exudate (PE) of ToxopLnsmo gondii-infected ICR mice which inhibited Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced peritoneal Iymphocyte (PL) proliferation. During 5 days of PL incubation with $10{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ Con A with or without PE, 3H-thymidine uptake was measured for the last 24 hrs. Compared to uninduced control, PL proliferated by 7.3-fold with Con A induction_ When PE of infected mice was added, PL proliferation was inhibited by $74.0{\;}{\pm}{\;}11.9%$ whereas inhibition by PE of normal mice was $16.4{\;}{\pm}8.3%$. Inhibitory effect of PE increased exponentially from 3 days up to 4-5 days of survival after the infection. Inhibitory activity of PE was decreased concentration-dependently. Also the inhibition was diminished when the PE was treated with heat of $95^{\circ}C$ for 10 min orprecipitated with 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA). In SDS-PAGE of PE, many minor bands appeared newly. Heat-labile protein molecule in PE exerted inhibitory activity to Con A- induced Iymphocyte proliferation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.826-834
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• 2016

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of the combination treatment of an Hsp90 inhibitor and a SIRT1 inhibitor on suppressing the growth of chemo-resistant human cancer cells. We showed that inhibition of SIRT1 effectively potentiated the cytotoxicity of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) and reversed Hsp90 inhibitor resistance in multidrug-resistant (MDR) human ovarian HeyA8-MDR cells. Amurensin G, a potent natural SIRT1 inhibitor, enhanced Hsp90 inhibitor-mediated abrogation of the Hsp90 chaperone function and accelerated degradation of mutated p53 (mut p53), an Hsp90 client protein, by up-regulation of ubiquitin ligase CHIP. Knock-down of CHIP significantly attenuated amurensin G-induced mut p53 degradation. Down-regulation of mut p53 reduced the expression of heat shock factor1 (HSF1)/heat shock proteins (Hsps), a major cause of Hsp90 inhibitor resistance, which led to sensitization of the MDR cells to the Hsp90 inhibitor by the SIRT1 inhibitor. Amurensin G potentiated cytotoxicity of the Hsp90 inhibitor in HeyA8-MDR cells through suppression of 17-AAG-induced Hsp70 and Hsp27 induction via down-regulation of mut p53/HSF1, and it caused activation of PARP and inhibition of Bcl-2. Our data suggests that SIRT1 inhibitors could be used to sensitize MDR cells to Hsp90 inhibitors, possibly through suppression of the mut p53/HSF1-dependent pathway, and a novel mut p53-directed action of SIRT1 inhibition could effectively prevent mut p53 accumulation in MDR cells.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.3 s.83
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• pp.427-434
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• 2007

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal roles in the initiation of T cell-mediated immune responses, making them an attractive in immuno vaccines. Angelica gigas and Cnidium officinale were a medicinal herb widely used in Asian countries. In this study, we examined the effects of A. gigas and C. officinale extracts on the DCs functional maturation and phono-type. Immature DCs were cultured in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4, and the generated immature DCs were stimulated with OVA in the presence or absence A. gigas and C. officinale extracts, respectively, for 24 hours. The antigen-presenting capacity of A. gigas and C. officinale extracts-treated DCs as analyzed by $CD4^+$ helper T cell clone (OVA-specific) proliferation and cytokines (IL-2 and $IFN-{\gamma}$) production were significantly increased. But A. gigas and C. officinale extracts were not directly effected $CD4^+$ helper T cell clone function. Also, the expression of surface co-stimulatory molecules, including major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, CD86 and CD11c, is increased on DCs that were stimulated with A. gigas and C. officinale extracts. These results indicate the immunomodulatory properties of A. gigas and C. officinale extracts, which might be medical supplies or health foods.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.spc
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Lake Suwa is a natural lake which is well-known for sightseeing and fisheries. It had suffered severe eutrophication during 1960s and 1970s with the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and the extinction of some benthic animals. Since 1980 water quality has been improved due to efforts of local government, scientists, and citizens. Of various methods that were attempted to improve the water quality of Lake Suwa biological methods received much attention, because it can improve the lake ecosystem integrity and fisheries in addition to the water quality. The aim of this paper is to introduce the biological methods for water quality improvement that had been employed in Lake Suwa, Japan, and their contribution to the economic benefit of local residents. Until now a significant restoration of water quality has been achieved, but there are insufficient recovery of the sediment and biota due to anoxic hypolimnion of the lake. This study proposed suspended cage culture of bivalves as a feasible method of water quality improvement. Increased grazing by bivalves will contribute to the improvement of water quality and fisheries production, which will contribute both to the ecological restoration and economy of local residents.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

Prunus mume has been used for the folk medicine by many old civilizations to treat food-borne diseases or enteric disorders. This study was carried out to examine the antimicrobial effect of juice from Prunus mume against pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus. The juice of Prunus mume had the strongest antimicrobial activity to Sal. enteritidis. The concentrations of Prunus mume juice for the formation of clear zone were 1% for Sai. enteritidis(15.0mm), 3% for Lis. monocytogenes(14.7mm), and 5% for Bac. cereus(14.75mm), Esc. coli(13.45mm) and Sta. aureux(11.9mm). The growth of all tested microorganisms was inhibited apparently in tryptic soy broth containing 3% and 4% Prunus mume juice. And it was found that the Prunus mume juice showed the highest antimicrobial properties, followed by Sal. enteritidis, Bac. cereus, Sta. aureus, Lis. monocytogenes, Esc. coli.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.817-822
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• 1998

The authors found out that Aspergillus oryzae ATCC 22787 has the activity to produce a pretty strong chitosanase. Therefore, the strain was used for preparing the chitosan hydrolysate with high antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of the chitosan hydrolysate was increased gradually with decreasing of viscosity of the solution. The chitosan hydrolysate showing viscosity $5{\sim}10{\;}cp{\;}(30^{\circ}C)$ of 2% solution was revealed the most strong antimicrobial activity. The growth of the Bacillus sp. isolated from the fish meat paste was inhibited with the concentration of 50 ppm. The astringent taste of chitosan solution was reduced with decreasing of viscosity of the solution. The fish meat paste products containing 0.3% chitosan hydrolysate was extended its shelf life by 6 days stored at $15^{\circ}C$, 4 days at $20^{\circ}C$ and 2 days at $30^{\circ}C$.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2009

Lactobacillus sakei B2-16 producing high level of $\gamma$-amino butyric acid (GABA) was previously isolated from Korean traditional fermented food, Kimchi. L. sakei B2-16 converted 99.3% of mono sodium glutamate (MSG) to GABA in Lactobacilli MRS broth supplemented with 1% MSG. In order to enhance the production of GABA by L. sakei B2-16, growth parameters such as media components and concentrations of major components were evaluated. The maximum GABA concentration was obtained by a modified rice germ extract broth containing 4%(w/v) sucrose and 1%(w/v) yeast extract. L. sakei B2-16 converted 100% of MSG to GABA in modified rice germ extract broth supplemented with 7% MSG.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.511-521
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of enzyme activity and anti-proliferation of human cancer cell lines (HCT 116, NCI-H460 and MCF-7) of peanut skin depending on cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. K-Ol, cv. Sinpalkwang, cv. Daan, cv. Heuksaeng) and extraction solvent. Peanut skin was extracted with 80% ethanol, 80% methanol, 80% acetone, and distilled water, followed by analysis of the enzyme inhibitory activity and anticancer activity. Methanol extract of Daan cultivar most effectively inhibited ${\alpha}$-gluosidase (65.08%, 0.025 mg/mL), tyrosinase (82.49%, 2 mg/mL) and ACE (73.61%, 10 mg/mL). The inhibitory effect of peanut skin extracts on colon cancer cell (HCT-116), lung cancer cell (NCI-H460) and breast cancer cell (MCF-7) growth were investigate using MTT assay. The highest anti-proliferation of cancer cell line of peanut skin extracts was observed in the methanol extract of Daan cultivar. The cell viability on HCT 116, NCI-H460 and MCF-7 cell lines of methanol extracts from peanut skin of Daan cultivar was 48.13%, 41.03%, and 36.02% at $200{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. These results suggest that peanut skin extracts may mediate physiological activity, and provide valuable information for the use of peanut byproduct as a functional food material.