• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.151-156
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• 2021

This study is aim to verify the mediating effect of entrepreneurial spirit on non-financial performance and self-efficacy. In this study, data were collected through a survey to investigate the relationship between variables, and empirical analysis of the research hypothesis was conducted using multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, entrepreneurship has a positive effect on self-efficacy; second, it suggests that the stronger entrepreneurship, the better self-efficacy. In addition, self-efficacy can produce positive results in various aspects, especially through this study, self-efficacy has resulted in improvement of non-financial performance.The results of this study have a positive effect on the various convergence of start-ups and the establishment of a stable start-up culture in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.167-172
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to suggest implications that the level of sound financial management ability of university students could be raised, starting with the awareness that not only college students but also all financial consumers need high levels of financial management ability, such as knowledge and attitudes toward financial management, as economic conditions are in trouble in the aftermath of the ongoing Corona19. A survey was conducted on college students to achieve the purpose of the study. In relation to the research model set in this study based on the survey, financial management ability and financial self-efficacy as the independent variable, and financial management behavior as the dependent variable were selected to analyze the structural relationship according to the study model. The analysis shows that financial management ability had an effect on financial self-efficacy and financial management behavior. Based on these results, theoretical and policy implications were presented. Finally, the limitations of this study and future research directions were suggested.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.213-230
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• 2014

Increasing unemployment rate and creation of new jobs are most important issues around the world recently. Then many developed countries, including Republic of Korea, establish and enforce a variety of start-up activation policies to increase employment rate and boom up the national economy. Establishing linkage of entrepreneurship motivation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intention and firm performance, focusing on potential entrepreneurs and entrepreneur, it could provide personalized and targeted entrepreneurial policy programs to increase entrepreneurship, because entrepreneurship is the most important factor to activate startups. On this study, it established factors of entrepreneurial motivation on potential entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs, and analyzed the linkage of factors of entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intention(potential entrepreneurs) and firm performance(entrepreneurs). For analysis, this study conducted descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, factor analysis to verify validity, correlation analysis, and regression to analyze influence between factors. Potential entrepreneurs group has 202 samples, and findings show self-efficacy, social network, economic status and government policy influence on entrepreneurship positively. And self-efficacy, startup education, economic status and government policy have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention, too. Entrepreneurs group has 212 samples, and findings show self-efficacy, social network and economic status influence on entrepreneurship. And each linkage has a positive effect, that self-efficacy - financial and non-financial performance, startup education - financial and technological performance, social network - financial performance, economic status - financial and non-financial performance, and government policy - financial and technological performance.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.103-108
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• 2021

코로나19로 인해 전 세계가 대 격변기에 있다. 경기 위축과 불확실성이 증대되고 있어 많은 기업과 가게 등 경제 주체들이 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 창업을 계획한다면 실패에 대한 많은 심리적 부담을 갖게 될 것이기에 더욱더 위험을 감수하고 위기를 기회로 활용하려는 창의적이고 적극적인 기업가의 태도가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 기업가의 심리적 특성 변수라 할 수 있는 기업가정신과, 창업할 때 기업가가 갖고 있는 창업실패두려움 그리고, 창업자기효능감이 창업의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 기업가정신을 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성 세 가지 하위변수로 구분하였으며, 창업실패두려움도 재무적손실 두려움, 심리적손실 두려움, 경력손실 두려움으로 구분하여 각각의 하위변수들이 창업의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 알아보고자 한다. 또한 창업 상황에서 일종의 자신감이라 할 수 있는 창업자기효능감이 기업가정신과 창업의도 관계에서, 창업실패두려움과 창업의도관계에서 어떠한 매개적 역할을 하는 지 알아보고자 한다. 이를 통해 창업 분야에서 기업가정신과 창업실패두려움, 창업자기 효능감의 역할에 대한 학문적, 실무적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.61-78
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• 2019

This study is about the effect of the founder's self-efficacy on the sales of the founding company by focusing on the factors that are currently emphasized in the founding education. In particular, this paper starts from the consciousness of the problem that the education that is being implemented to achieve the purpose of successful start-up among various government-based start-up support projects is failing to produce many start-up failures. Entrepreneurs cannot be assessed by objective financial data, but there is a high degree of uncertainty that should be determined based on their personal and learning abilities. In addition, many previous studies, which are likely to be successful when there is a high self-efficacy in a specific field due to the influence of factors such as personal experience or learning, will answer the direction of support for start-up companies. This study focuses on the impact of the founder's self-efficacy on the sales of the founding firms, especially the sales that are the key to the survival of the founding firms. This study has six major studies. First, to analyze whether the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs with respect to entrepreneurship affects the sales of entrepreneurs. Second, to analyze whether the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs with respect to market orientation affects the sales of entrepreneurs. Analysis of whether the founder's self-efficacy affects the sales of the founding firms. Fourth, analysis of whether the founder's self-efficiency affects the sales of the founding firms' understanding of management environment changes. An analysis of whether efficacy affects the sales of a start-up company, and sixth, an analysis of whether the founder's self-efficacy of business model building ability affects the sales of a start-up company. As a result of the empirical analysis, this study found that the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs on product differentiation capability and business model building capacity had a positive influence on the sales of entrepreneurs. The self-efficacy had a positive effect on self-efficacy, and the customer orientation had a positive effect on self-efficacy on business model building capacity. Also, it was confirmed that a path exists between the components of self-efficacy and that self-efficacy through the path has a positive effect on the sales of the start-up company. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the implications of establishing such a path and strengthening self-efficacy to create the survival and start-up performance of a start-up company if the goal of the start-up company is to survive when implementing various support projects for the start-up company.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.233-244
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to improve awareness of network marketing business in South Korea, which takes a quite negative view of network marketing, to raise awareness of "starting up a business" as independent business owners, to assist them in building their own subjecthood in network business and entrepreneurial identity, and ultimately to give some suggestions on how to improve their self-directed entrepreneurial competency and the quality of their business management. To make an empirical analysis of 121 independent business owners of Korean native network marketing, the personal and background variables of the entrepreneurs were selected as independent variables, and entrepreneurship was selected as a mediator variable. The selected dependent variables were financial and non-financial business performances. A multiple regression analysis was conducted by inputting the variables. The findings of the study were as follows: It produced an effect of more financial performance when the innovation of the independent business owners of network marketing was better, and this innovation was possible to have only when they improved in entrepreneurial efficacy and locus of control. In contrast, only authenticity had an effect on boosting non-financial business performance among the factors of entrepreneurship. To have authenticity, it's necessary to strengthen achievement needs and awareness of locus of control among the personal characteristics of the independent business owners of network marketing. Among the factors of entrepreneurship, there was better authenticity when their personal networks were broader among their background characteristics. In addition, self-efficacy that was one of personal characteristics made a direct contribution to the enhancement of non-financial performance. As a result, independent business owners of network marketing are required to hold a strong belief in their own business, to be active in business activities and to have a high efficacy as spontaneous principal agents, and they also are required to have more adventurous, planned, active and propulsive achievement needs that enable them to attain the goals of their business and keep moving forward. Besides, they should foster their locus-of-control competency that is to control, endure and be responsible for a variety of phenomena or incidents that they face, and there will be better financial performance or non-financial performance only when they demonstrate their self-belief and confidence and when they have faith in and conviction about themselves. For independent business owners of network marketing, a consumer-centered thinking that entails authenticity and trustworthiness and touches the hearts of customers is a more effective marketing strategy than an egocentric thinking as sellers when they approach customers. And they are expected to make progress in terms of the quality of business management when their business attachment or enthusiasm is great enough to match their own efficacy with entrepreneurial identity or strike a balance between them.

• Korean small business review
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.59-93
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• 2021

This study surveyed 413 small business owners who experienced closure to see how the loss perception experienced by small business owners affects their comeback through fear of failure. The analysis results are as follows. First, the larger the received loss of financial capital, market capital, and social capital, the greater the fear of failure. Second, the greater the fear of failure, the less willingness to re-start-up, but it did not affect the willingness to work. Third, perceived loss of financial capital, market capital, and social capital grew fear of failure, which negatively affected the willingness to re-start. However, as for the willingness to work, only the perception of loss to market competitiveness strengthened the willingness to work through fear of failure. This suggests that if you think you are out of business due to market competitiveness, you are more likely to choose to get a job than to start a business. Fourth, those with higher entrepreneurial self-efficiency had less effect of perceived loss on fair of failure than those with lower entrepreneurial loss. In other words, it can be seen that a person with high entrepreneurial self-efficiency is likely to start-up. It is noteworthy that despite the tendency to fail due to market competition and lack of understanding of risks, small business operators were most aware of the loss of social capital. This is presumed to have had the greatest impact on fear of failure because small business owners try to receive funding or business revitalization support through social networks such as acquaintances and relatives. Based on the above results, this study requires sufficient market research to secure a competitive advantage when preparing for start-ups through policy practice suggestions, and suggests ways to reduce financial loss through the establishment of sophisticated business plans.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.97-100
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• 2023

스타트업은 우리 경제의 성장 동력으로 자리매김하고 있으며, 다양한 분야에서 스타트업이 탄생해 일부는 스케일업(scale-up)하여 유니콘 기업으로 발전하는 반면 일부는 데스밸리(Death Valley)를 넘지 못하고 실패한다. 스타트업이 창업 이후 성공적인 사업화를 통해 지속적인 성장을 이룰 수 있도록 공공과 민간부문에서 다양한 노력을 펼쳐 나가고 있으며, 창업자 보육에 필요한 서비스를 종합적으로 제공하는 액셀러레이터가 스타트업 육성 모델로 주목받고 있다. 액셀러레이터에 대한 관심이 증가하는 것에 비례하여 액셀러레이팅 프로그램의 효과에 대한 연구도 최근 활발하게 이루어지고 있으며, 많은 연구에서 액셀러레이팅이 기업성과에 미치는 긍정적인 효과가 검증되고 있다. 액셀러레이팅 프로그램의 운용 주체와 내용이 다양하여 프로그램 효과 분석도 다각적인 시각에서 이루어질 필요가 있으며, 본 연구에서는 동일한 프로그램에 참여하였음에도 불구하고 기업성과에 차이가 발생하는 것이 참여자의 특성에 기인하는지를 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 액셀러레이팅 프로그램에 참여하는 스타트업 CEO의 특성에 초점을 맞춘 연구모형을 설정하였다. 액셀러레이팅 프로그램에 대한 만족도를 독립변수로, 기업성과인 재무적성과와 비재무적성과를 종속변수로 설정하고, 자기효능감, 낙관주의, 희망, 회복탄력성인 긍정심리자본을 매개변수로 설정하여 CEO의 긍정심리자본 정도에 따라 액셀러레이팅 프로그램의 효과에 차이가 있는지 실증적 분석을 통해 검증하고자 한다. 연구 대상은 중소기업 지원 정책금융기관인 신용보증기금과 중소기업은행의 액셀러레이팅 프로그램인 스타트업 네스트(Start-up NEST)와 IBK창공에 참여한 경험이 있는 스타트업 CEO를 대상으로 하였다.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2024.04a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2024

우리나라 전체 자영업자에서 청년 자영업자의 비율은 감소하고, 중장년 자영업자의 비율이 증가하고 있다. 또한 청년층 자영업의 평균 지속기간은 37개월로 대략 3년의 자영업 유지기간을 보이고 있으나, 청년 자영업자 40% 정도는 2년 이내에 자영업에서 이탈하는 것으로 나타났다. 청년자영업자 사업의 짧은 지속 기간과 높은 이탈률에도 불구하고, 우리나라의 자영업 시장구조가 50~60대 중장년층을 중심으로 형성되어 있기 때문에 20~30대 청년층의 경우 분석 및 논의 대상에서 큰 비중을 차지하지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 청년 자영업자의 미래지향적이며, 창조적인 아이디어를 갖고 적극적으로 실행해보고자 하는 성향과 위험을 감수하는 기업가정신이 사업성과에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 상황에 주목하였으며, 이러한 상황에서 개인의 '자기효능감, 낙관주의, 복원력, 희망'과 같은 긍정심리자본이 매개한다고 가정하고 연구모형을 설정하였다. 이를 위해 기업가정신의 구성요소인 '혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성'을 독립변수로, '균형성과관리(BSC)의 재무적 관점, 고객 관점, 내부 프로세스 관점, 학습과 성장 관점'을 도입한 사업성과를 종속변수로 설정하였다. 또한 선행연구를 기반으로 긍정심리자본을 매개변수로 채택하여 변수 간의 관계를 실증적 분석을 통하여 검증하고자 한다.

• Korean small business review
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.147-164
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• 2021

This study focuses on succession in a family business which is the crucial factor affecting future and survival of a family business. Especially, the study concentrate a successor's view which is regarded as a key-player during the succession. In this study, we used AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology to identify priorities of factors influencing succession. We divided into two-tier level. The first-tier is defined as 1) the relationship with an incumbent CEO, 2) a successor 's management ability, 3) a successor' s self-efficacy and 4) succession plan. For the second-tier of each first-tier have 3 sub-factors ; 1) the relationship with an incumbent CEO is set as level of mutual trust, sharing the vision of a company, and level of communication each other. 2) A successor 's management ability is based on business competence, education and training and interpersonal management ability, 3) a successor 's self-efficacy was set as successor' s willingness of succession, confidence of overcoming crisis and confidence of achieving objectives. Lastly, 4) a succession plan is set as finance plan, leadership transformation plan and human-organization management plan. A total of 93 questionnaires is distributed and retrieved, and 88 questionnaires are used for the study, excluding those with missing data. As a result of this study, successors selected 1) the relationship with an incumbent C.E.O. as the most important priority in the first-tier. The second is 2) a successor 's management ability, the third is 3) a successor' s self-efficacy, and the last priority is 4) a succession plan. In particular, 3 sub-factors that make up the relationship with an incumbent are the most important factors. These factors rank the first to the third in the final result.