• 치위협보
• /
• s.56
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2002

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
• /
• s.372
• /
• pp.72-73
• /
• 2006

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.24-34
• /
• 2015

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2005.02a
• /
• pp.37-37
• /
• 2005

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.1168-1173
• /
• 2004

The alignment design is one of the most influencing elements in earth work for the railway design. The amount of earth work mostly depends on the route, and the construction cost for railway construction largely depends on it. For this reason. it is necessary to develop a program for the construction cost estimation by route alternatives. This study introduces a program for the estimation of the earth work amount including the logics and the way to use.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.43 no.10
• /
• pp.1491-1499
• /
• 2014

We examined the effects of unripe black raspberry (UBR) and red ginseng (RG) extracts on cholesterol improvement in C57BL/6J mice fed a HCD (high cholesterol diet) for 12 weeks. Hepatic total lipid and total cholesterol contents were significantly induced in hyperlipidemic mice. However, supplementation with UBR, RG and simvastatin effectively reduced these lipid profiles. Further, UBR and co-treatment with UBR and RG increased expression of LDL receptor, SREBP2, and SR-B1 mRNA compared with HCD. The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was reduced by co-treatment with UBR and RG compared to treatment with UBR. In addition, histopathologic evaluation showed that co-treatment with UBR and RG suppressed lipid accumulation as well as FAS and leptin expression in plasma. These results indicate that co-treatment with UBR and RG may be useful for the prevention of hypercholesterolemia.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.364-372
• /
• 2015

This study investigated the effects of fermented black raspberry (BR) and red ginseng (RG) extract co-treatment on lipid metabolism and obesity in rats fed with a high fat/high cholesterol diet (HFHCD) for 12 weeks. Compared to the corresponding values in rats fed with a HFHCD, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels increased in rats treated with fermented BR and RG extracts. These extracts significantly increased the expression of HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and sterol regulatory-element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) mRNA, but decreased the mRNA expression of SREBP-1. Additionally the serum levels of leptin and fatty acid synthase were decreased. Moreover, supplementation with fermented BR and RG effectively increased fecal cholesterol excretion. These results suggest that fermented BR and RG extracts might be effective at preventing hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2014

Ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation is a negative factor that induces skin damage, inflammation, and aging. UVB irradiation induces the inflammatory response through interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression in keratinocytes. In addition, it induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), which plays an important role in collagen 1 degradation in the extracellular matrix. We investigated the antiaging effects of five kinds of berry in human skin keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells using juice of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis), blueberry wild (Vacciniun angustifolium) and cultivar (Vacciniun corymbosum), black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott), and mulberry (Morus abla). HaCaT cells irradiated with UV-B exhibited increased ROS generation, as well as IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-1 gene expression, when compared to the control cells that were not irradiated with UV-B. However, pre-treatment of berry juice before UV-B irradiation significantly down-regulated the UV-B-induced ROS generation and inflammatory cytokine and MMP-1 expression. The results suggest that all berries have anti-aging effects including lowering inflammatory cytokine levels, ROS generation, and MMP-1 expression in HaCaT cells during UV-B irradiation.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.1-24
• /
• 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect the user satisfaction and continuous use intention of the improved ATCIS in the Korean Army. Design/methodology/approach Based on the various theories in relation to IT continuance, user satisfaction was identified as the main factor with regard to the continuous use intention of the improved ATCIS. In addition, computer self-efficacy, education-training, and system quality were hypothesized as antecedent variables to user satisfaction, and information security stress was set as a moderating variable for these relationships. Findings Survey results show that computer self-efficacy, education and training, and system quality had a positive effect on user satisfaction, and information security stress was found to moderate these relationships. The effects of computer self-efficacy and education-training on user satisfaction were higher in the group with low information security stress. However, the relationship between system quality and user satisfaction was higher in the group with high information security stress. User satisfaction is found to have a positive effect on the continuous use intention even with habit considered as a control variable.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.276-281
• /
• 2007

The toxicity of two species of puffer fish, Takifugu xanthopterus and T. stictonotus, collected from coastal regions of Korea, was determined using a mouse bioassay. The highest toxin scores in the muscle, skin, fins, and testis in both species were below 50 mouse units (MU) per gram, and for each organ of both species the proportion of toxic specimens containing ${\geq}10MU/g$ was less than about 10%. In T. xanthopterus, the highest toxin levels in the liver, gallbladder, and ovary exceeded 1,000 MU/g (1,275-1,910), while less than 200 MU/g (12-136) was detected in the same organs of T. stictonotus. Therefore, the toxicities of muscle, skin, and testis in both species of puffer fish were within acceptable levels for human consumption.