• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.531-537
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• 2014

Common cruciferous vegetables, kohlabi (Brassica oleracea) and radish (Raphanus sativus), contain phytochemicals such as glucosinolates and carotenoids. Therefore, this study investigated the antioxidant and anti-adipogenic effects of kohlrabi sprout extract (KSE) and radish sprout extract (RSE). The total carotenoid and glucosinolate contents of KSE and RSE were $39.50{\pm}0.67$ and $76.73{\pm}2.75mg/g$, respectively. The total glucosinolate contents of KSE and RSE were $2.65{\pm}0.02$ and $8.13{\pm}0.54mg/g$, respectively. The in vitro-antioxidative activities of KSE and RSE were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ${\beta}$-carotene and glucosinolate-enriched KSE and RSE significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and reactive oxygen species production during the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. These results suggest that glucosinolate-enriched KSE and RSE, especially RSE, can be used in the treatment of obesity and as a natural source of antioxidants.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.335-354
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate cognitive development and logical thinking formation levels of elementary gifted students and to compare with those of elementary regular students. For this purpose, 79 gifted elementary school students and 114 regular elementary school students in Kyunggi Province were participated, and GALT(Group Assessment of Logical Test) was administered to them. The results obtained in this study were as follows. First, the logical thinking scores of elementary gifted students were significantly higher than general students'(p<.05). Comparing the distribution of cognitive development level, elementary gifted students showed higher ratio in formal operation and lower ratio in concrete operation compared to the general students. It was interpreted that the cognitive development of gifted students preceded general students'. Second, analyzing according to the grade of elementary gifted students, logical thinking scores were significantly different between 5th graders and 6th graders(p<.05). Compared to 5th graders, logical thinking and formal operation ratio of 6th gifted graders showed significantly higher. The scores of four logical thinking areas except for conservational logic and correlational logic of 6th gifted graders showed significantly higher than 5th gifted graders'. Both 5th and 6th graders showed the highest formation ratio in combinational logic, and the lowest ratio in correlational logic. Third, logical thinking scores of gifted students according to gender did not show a significant difference(p>.05). The gifted boys reached formal operation more than gifted girls, but stayed more in the concrete operation. There was gender difference in correlational logic. The gifted girls showed significantly higher than gifted boys in correlational logic(p<.05).

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.499-510
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• 2019

History and philosophy of science has been consistently emphasized in science education for various purposes. In accordance with the introduction of the 2015 revised curriculum, history of science could be implemented for the curriculum; designing well-organized learning strategies is required. This study examines the case of undergraduate students who solved the convergence problem based on history and philosophy of science in the problem-based learning program. In particular, this study tries to find strategies for integrated education by comparing the problem structuring process and the meaning of problem solving experience of science/engineering and humanities/social sciences students. Participants were three students majoring in science/engineering and humanities/social sciences. Participants constructed and solved their own convergence problems by integrating the domains that were familiar to them into history and philosophy of science. While the process of structuring the problems and the use of history and philosophy of science were similar, there were differences between the science/engineering and humanities/social sciences students' point of view on history and philosophy of science and the other domain which they choose. Moreover, there were differences between the two group's meanings of problem solving experience. Finally, based on the results of this study, history and philosophy in science provided some implications in the context of science education and integrated education.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.525-533
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• 2009

To explore cattail pollen powder as a functional food ingredient, we analyzed the general components of pollen powder, tested changes in the physical properties of dough containing the powder, and investigated the process ability of powder-containing dough in bread making by adding 3%, 6%, or 9% by weight of pollen powder to wheat flour. Cattail pollen powder consisted of (all w/w) 12.7-13.2% water, 15.7-17.8% crude protein, 1.3% crude fat, 7.5-7.7% free sugar, 14.7-18.6% crude fiber, 3.4-4.9% pollen, and 49.7-55.9% soluble nitrogen-free extract (NFE). Analysis of the physical properties of dough mixed with pollen powder showed that as more pollen powder was added, the absorption rate increased, but dough stability decreased. With increasing levels of cattail pollen powder, the falling number decreased, and amylase activity increased. Fermentability was highest in dough made with 3% by weight of pollen powder, and the bread product made from such dough had the greatest volume. As more cattail pollen powder was added, the moisture activity in dough tended to decrease to a greater extent than seen in control dough, and this tendency increased with time. We found that longer storage periods were associated with greater hardness and springiness, which indicated degradation in product quality. Therefore, it is suggested that bread products containing cattail pollen powder should be consumed within 3 days of preparation. In a taste survey, bread baked with 3% (w/w) cattail pollen powder scored highest in all questionnaire items.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.495-500
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• 2007

Recently we are interest in organic farming of rice. The technology of paper mulching was practised without herbicide in machine transplanting cultivation of paddy. A field experiment was conducted in Gangseo series (coarse loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aquic Fluventic Eutrochrepts) at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea in 2004. This experiment was carried out to evaluate soil redox potential, weed control and rice growth by the different organic matter in paper mulching transplanting. Compost, rice straw and soiling rye were incorporated as organic matter. The nitrogen amount of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) plot was 80% compared with nitrogen amount ($110kg\;ha^{-1}$) of conventional fertilization. Mulching paper consisted of recycled paper which was coated with biodegradable plastics. There were no difference between conventional rice transplanting and paper mulching on missing hills after organic matter application. Weed control were the highest at added soiling rye plot. The redox potential of soil was the lowest in rice straw + CRF 80% plot at tillering stage. The $NH_4{^+}-N$ in soil was the highest at soiling rye + CRF 80% tillering stage. There was no difference in yield between soiling rye + CRF 80%, compost + CRF 80% and conventional fertilization plot.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.585-590
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• 2021

Wrist braces are being used for patients with wrist trauma. Recently, many studies have been conducted to manufacture custom wrist braces using 3D printing technology. Such 3D printing customized orthosis has the advantage of reflecting various factors such as reflecting different shapes for each individual and securing breathability. In this paper, the stress on the orthosis by the number and position of Velcro bands that should be considered when manufacturing a 3D printing custom wrist brace was analyzed. For customized orthosis, 3D modeling of the bone and skin regions was performed using an automatic design software (Reconeasy 3D, Seeann Solution) based on CT images. Based on the 3D skin area, a wrist orthosis design was applied to suit each treatment purpose. And, for the elasticity of the brace, a wrist brace was manufactured with an FDM-type 3D printer using TPU material. To evaluate the effectiveness according to the number and position of the Velcro band of the custom 3D printed wrist brace, the stress distribution of the brace was analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). Through the finite element analysis of the wrist orthosis performed in this study, the stress distribution of the orthosis was confirmed, and the number and position of the orthosis production and Velcro bands could be confirmed. These experimental results will help provide quality treatment to patients.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.498-506
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the restorative effect of Semisulcospira libertina extract, on damaged liver cells induced by D-galactosamine in rats. Treatment of damaged liver cells with S. libertina extract significantly reduced local fatty degeneration, and inflammatory cell necrosis, to levels similar with the undamaged control group. In addition, S. libertina extracts were found to reduce plasma levels of liver damage indicator enzymes, such as AST, ALT, LDH and ALP, to control levels. It also reduced lipid peroxides, and lipid contents within damaged liver tissues. This suggests that S. libertina extract has a restorative effect on liver cells, thus reducing release of damage-associated liver enzymes, and oxidative degradation of lipids. Also, S. libertina extracts were found to be involved in recovery of damaged cells from inflammatory response by suppressing expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$, which leads to tissue injury and necrosis, whereas inducing expression of HO-1 that protects cells during inflammation. Thus, S. libertina extract restores liver tissue from necrosis and fibrosis, as well modulates expression of inflammation-related genes against liver damage. Our findings suggest that S. libertina extract is an effective medicinal resource, for improving and recovering liver cells from hepatic injury.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2019

In order to evaluating applicability of RAP (recycled aggregate powder) in mortar, in this study, physical and mechanical tests was carried out. Material characteristics of recycled aggregate and RAP were evaluated and the mechanical properties of mortar replaced with RAP were analyzed. Test result of sieve analysis showed that as the milling time increased the fineness modulus was decreased and the distribution of 0.6 mm particle size was found to increase. The fluidity of mortar mixture substituted with RAP tended to increase than Plain mixture. It was result that the increasing fluidity was affected by unreacted surplus water in the mortar as the binder was replaced with RAP. From the compressive strength result of the mortar subjected to RAP, it was found that the RAP was able to replace up to about 10% of unit binder weight although the compressive strength of mortar was decreased as the RAP replacement increased. From the above study, it can be concluded that the physical properties of RAP satisfied the quality standard of aggregate for replacement with fine aggregate. Moreover, in case of the RAP was replaced up to 10% of unit cement weight, it was able to be possible to improve fluidity and compressive strength of mortar.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.5-13
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• 2021

In this study, as the production of high-strength steel pipes due to the development of steel materials, the stability and applicability of the soil nailing method using high-strength steel pipes were evaluated. Rebars used as reinforcement in the soil nailing method are the same in order to determine the behavioral characteristics and the effect of increasing the reinforcement when replacing it with a high-strength steel pipe of a diameter, a field test were conducted to confirm the stability. As a result of the tensile test, the measured strain is smaller than the strain in the theoretical equation, so it can be seen that the behavior is similar to that of the soil nailing method using rebars. As a result of the displacement measurement, the displacement of the high-strength steel pipe is larger than that of the rebars is considered to be the effect of the internal grouting effect of the steel pipe and the decrease in the cross-sectional area. In the case of using high-strength steel pipes for the soil nailing method, it is judged that the field applicability is good by improving stability and workability through member performance and weight reduction.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.67
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• pp.105-128
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is to explore the significance of the Commentaries on Pavilions (樓亭記) from the Sancheong-gun area. To achieve this purpose, the study analyzes the works handed down in Sancheong-eup, Chahwang-myeon, Obu-myeon, and Geumseo-myeon, focusing on the two characteristic themes: the discipline and enlightenment of heart and mind (in Chapter 2) and the succession of integrity and the tradition of ancestor worship (in Chapter 3). The first characteristic theme "the discipline and enlightenment of heart and mind" is explicated in Chapter 2 by reviewing the Commentary on Hwanajeong Pavilion (Hwanajeonggi) written for the namesake building located in Sancheong-ri, Sancheong-eup, and the Commentary on Gyeongjeonjae Pavilion (Gyeongjeonjaegi) in Maechon-ri, Geumseo-myeon. The second theme "the succession of integrity and the tradition of ancestor worship" is examined in Chapter 3 based on the Commentary on Sulgojeongsa Pavilion (Sulgojeongsagi) from Jangwi-ri, Chahwang-myeon, and the Commentary on Maeranjeong Pavilion (Maeranjeonggi) from Yangchon-ri, Obu-myeon.