• Title/Summary/Keyword: 윌콕슨 부호순위 검정

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A Wilcoxon signed-rank test for random walk hypothesis based on slopes (기울기를 이용한 랜덤워크 윌콕슨 부호순위검정)

  • Kim, Tae Yoon;Park, Cheolyong;Kim, Seul Gee;Kim, Min Seok;Lee, Woo Jung;Kwon, Yunji
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.1499-1506
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    • 2014
  • Random walk is used for describing random phenomenon in various areas but tests for random walk developed so far are known to suffer from size distortion and low power. Kim et al. (2014) proposed a sign test for unit root (${\rho}=1$) hypothesis based on slopes. This article proposes a Wilcoxon signed rank test based on slopes for unit root hypothesis, and compares it with the augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the sign test by a simulation study. Our results confirm that the nonparametric tests are better than ADF test for small samples like n = 30. The results also show that the sign test is better than the Wilcoxon signed rank test and that for 0 < ${\rho}$ < 1 (-1 < ${\rho}$ < 0), the nonparametric tests suffer from power loss (improvement) as normal error changes to double exponential error.

A Brief Empirical Verification Using Multiple Regression Analysis on the Measurement Results of Seaport Efficiency of AHP/DEA-AR (다중회귀분석을 이용한 AHP/DEA-AR 항만효율성 측정결과의 실증적 검증소고)

  • Park, Ro-kyung
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.73-87
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the empirical results of Analytic Hierarchy Process/Data Envelopment Analysis-Assurance Region(AHP/DEA-AR) by using multiple regression analysis during the period of 2009-2012 with 5 inputs (number of gantry cranes, number of berth, berth length, terminal yard, and mean depth) and 2 outputs (container TEU, and number of direct calling shipping companies). Assurance Region(AR) is the most important tool to measure the efficiency of seaports, because individual seaports are characterized in terms of inputs and outputs. Traditional AHP and multiple regression analysis techniques have been used for measuring the AR. However, few previous studies exist in the field of seaport efficiency measurement. The main empirical results of this study are as follows. First, the efficiency ranking comparison between the two models (AHP/DEA-AR and multiple regression) using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney signed-rank sum test were matched with the average level of 84.5 % and 96.3% respectively. When data for four years are used, the ratios of the significant probability are decreased to 61.4% and 92.5%. The policy implication of this study is that the policy planners of Korean port should introduce AHP/DEA-AR and multiple regression analysis when they measure the seaport efficiency and consider the port investment for enhancing the efficiency of inputs and outputs. The next study will deal with the subjects introducing the Fuzzy method, non-radial DEA, and the mixed analysis between AHP/DEA-AR and multiple regression analysis.

A Study on the Model Development and Empirical Application for Predicting the Efficiency and Optimum Size of Investment in Domestic Seaports (국내항만투자의 효율성 및 적정 투자규모 예측을 위한 모형개발 및 실증적 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Ro-Kyung
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.18-41
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this paper is to show the empirical measurement way for predicting the seaport efficiency by using Super SBM(Slack-based Measure) with Wilcoxson signed-rank test under CRS(constant returns to scale) condition for 20 Korean ports during 11 years(1997-2007) for 3 inputs(port investment amount, birthing capacity, and cargo handling capacity) and 5 outputs(Export and Import Quantity, Number of Ship Calls, Port Revenue, Customer Satisfaction Point for Port Service and Container Cargo Throughput). The main empirical results of this paper are as follows. First, Super SBM model has well reflected the real data according to the Wilcoxon signed rank test, because p values have exceeded the significance level. Second,Super-SBM has shown about 87% of predicting ratio for the ports efficiency and the optimal size of investment in domestic seaport. The policy implication to the Korean seaports and planner is that Korean seaports should introduce the new methods like Super-SBM method with Wilcoxon signed rank test for predicting the efficiency of port performance and the optimal size of investment as indicated by Panayides et al.(2009, pp.203-204).

Effects of aerobic and combined exercise on body composition and blood lipid in the middle-aged women (운동형태에 따른 중년여성의 신체구성과 혈중지질의 변화)

  • Kim, Yong Cheol;Kim, Young Soo;Yang, Jeong Ok;Lee, Bom Jin;Lee, Joong Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.1241-1251
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of aerobic and complex exercise on body composition and blood lipids in the middle-aged women. Sixteen women whose ages ranged in 40 to 50 years were included in the sample of the study. The sample was divided into two groups: (a) aerobic exercise group (n = 8) and (b) combined exercise training group (n = 8). The aerobic exercise program consisted of bicycle ergometer, stepper, and treadmill, whereas; the combined exercise program was designed to improve muscular strength and aerobic capacity. Both programs took place 4 times a week for 12 weeks with the gradual increase of intensity (HRmax 60% 75% and 1 RM 60% 80%). Data were analyzed by nonparametric methods for pre-post within group mean differences (Wilcoxon signed rank test) and for between group mean differences (Wilcoxon rank sum test). Results indicated that there were statistically significant differences in BMI, body fat mass, and triglyceride within the sample of combined exercise; whereas, no significance existed in any variables within the aerobic exercise group. Results also revealed that statistical significance did exist in body fat mass between the combined and aerobic exercise group. These results implies that the combined exercise may be superior to aerobic only excercise for the body composition and blood lipid of the middle-aged women.

The effects of participation in a combined exercise program on the metabolic syndrome indices and physical fitness in the obese middle-aged women (비만 중년여성의 복합운동이 대사증후군 지표와 건강체력에 미치는 영향)

  • Ban, Sung-Min;Lee, Kyung-Jun;Yang, Jeong-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.703-715
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of the 12-week comprehensive exercise program on the metabolic syndrome index and general health of overweight middle aged women. Before and after the exercise program, research participants were measured in metabolic syndrome index and health fitness. The measurements gathered before and after the exercise program were analyzed through SPSS 18.0 to calculate average and standard deviation of all response variables. To find changes in the response variables before and after the 12-week program, Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed at a significance level of ${\alpha}$=.05. The results of this research are as follows. The 12-week comprehensive exercise program has a positive impact on the metabolic index and health fitness of overweight middle-aged women.

An Empirical Measurement Way of Efficiency Prediction for Korean Seaports : SBM and Wilcoxson Signed-Rank Test Approach (항만의 효율성을 예측하기 위한 실증적 측정방법 - SBM과 윌콕슨부호순위검정접근 -)

  • Park, No-Gyeong
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.313-327
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this paper is to show the empirical measurement way for predicting the seaport efficiency by using SBM with Wilcoxson signed-rank test under CRS(constant returns to scale) condition for 20 Korean ports during 1994-2003 for 2 inputs(birthing capacity, cargo handling capacity) and 3 outputs(Export and Import Quantity, Number of Ship Calls, Port Revenue). The main empirical results of this paper are as follows. First, forecasting data have well reflected the real data according to the Wilcoxon signed rank test, because p values have exceeded the 0.05 significance level. Second, SBM has shown the effectiveness for predicting the ports efficiency even though the predicting powers are different according to the levels of p values. The policy implication to the Korean seaports and planner is that Korean seaports should introduce the new methods like SBM method with Wilcoxon signed rank test for predicting the port performance and enhancing the efficiency.

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The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Fuzzy Test on Rate of Internal Division (내분비를 이용한 윌콕슨 부호-순위 퍼지 검정)

  • Kang, Man Ki;Choi, Seung Bae
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.592-596
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    • 2014
  • We shall consider fuzzy hypotheses test for signed-rank Wilcoxon fuzzy test by fuzzy difference on rate of internal division. Fundamental to these discussion are fuzzy number data and Wilcoxon signed-rank fuzzy test of a fuzzy hypothesis $H_{f0}$ which is based upon a fuzzy statistics whose distribution does not depend upon the specified distribution or any parameters.

The Effects of Arm Function in Sitting With Body Weight Support in Cerebral Palsy : A Preliminary Study (뇌성마비 아동의 앉은 자세에서의 부분적 체중지지가 상지 기능에 미치는 영향: 사전연구)

  • Park, So-Yeon;Lee, Sang-Heon;Kim, Tae-Ho;Kwon, Oh-Yun
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2003
  • 이 연구의 목적은 뇌성마비 아동에게 앉은 자세에서 현수를 이용하여 체중지지를 해주었을 때 상지기능에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상자는 뇌성마비 아동 5명과 뇌종양 아동 1명이었다. 연구대상자에게 harness를 착용하여 부분적 체중지지를 하기 전과 착용한 상태에서 손 뻗기 동작을 3차원 동작분석기를 이용하여 어깨관절과 손뻗기 동작에 걸린 시간을 측정하였고, Box and Block 검사를 실시하여 체중지지 전과 착용 시 상지 기능을 비교하였다. 자료분석은 윌콕슨 부호순위검정을 사용하였다. 어깨관절의 관절 가동범위와 Box and Block 검사에서는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 팔뻗기 동작의 수행 시간에는 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 연구 대상자의 수가 적고, 대상자 마다 연령 및 손상의 정도가 서로 다르기 때문에 연구결과를 일반화하여 해석하기에는 제한점이 있지만, 앉은 자세에서 harness를 이용하여 부분적 체중지지를 적용하였을 때 상지의 기능 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있으리라 생각하며 향후 다수를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요하리라 생각한다.

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The Significance Test on the AHP-based Alternative Evaluation: An Application of Non-Parametric Statistical Method (AHP를 이용한 대안 평가의 유의성 분석: 비모수적 통계 검정 적용)

  • Park, Joonsoo;Kim, Sung-Chul
    • The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.15-35
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    • 2017
  • The method of weighted sum of evaluation using AHP is widely used in feasibility analysis and alternative selection. Final scores are given in forms of weighted sums and the alternative with largest score is selected. With two alternatives, as in feasibility analysis, the final score greater than 0.5 gives the selection but there remains a question that how large is large enough. KDI suggested a concept of 'grey area' where scores are between 0.45 and 0.55 in which decisions are to be made with caution, but it lacks theoretical background. Statistical testing was introduced to answer the question in some studies. It was assumed some kinds of probability distribution, but did not give the validity on them. We examine the various cases of weighted sum of evaluation score and show why the statistical testing has to be introduced. We suggest a non-parametric testing procedure which does not assume a specific distribution. A case study is conducted to analyze the validity of our suggested testing procedure. We conclude our study with remarks on the implication of analysis and the future way of research development.

On the Effect of Prospective Teachers' Experience of Title of Making UCC Materials on their Teaching Expertise and Creativity: an Empirical Study with Japanese Majors The Korea Convergence Society (예비교사들의 UCC 제작 경험이 교과전문성 및 교사창의성에 미치는 효과 : 일본어전공 학생들을 중심으로)

  • Han, Mi-Hee;Jung, Ug-Sung
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.10 no.12
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    • pp.235-242
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    • 2019
  • The present paper aims to examine how prospective teachers' experience of creating UCC materials affects their teaching expertise and creativity. The group of subjects consists of a group of 19 students majoring in Japanese under the teacher certificate curriculum at N University located in Cheonan. The collected data was analyzed using a set of statistical methods including frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test using SPSS WIN 21.0. It was found that there was a positive correlation between their UCC experiences and their teaching subject expertise/creativity. It was also found that the former exerted a statistically significant effect on the latter. The results of the current research might suggest that teachers' teaching methods in the field are very important. It is hopeful that innovative teaching methods and activities will be introduced and expanded in the filed to produce more effective education.The Korea Convergence Society.