• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

On-Scene Commander's quickly discernment is very important in Catastrophic Oil Spill. The Korea carring out multiagency to catastrophic oil spill. but It cannot communication to other agency and happened to operation empty and duplications. The United State enforced Incident Command System/Unified Command (ICS/US) on National Incident Management System in 2008. The Korea Government must be preparation Unified Command System include Non-Government and an oil refining company.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.129-136
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• 2021

Rice is responsible for the stable crop of 3 billion people worldwide, about half of Asian depends on it, and rice is grown in more than 100 countries. Rice diseases can lead to devastating economic loss by decreasing yield production, disturbing a stable food supply and demand chain. The most commonly used method to control rice disease is chemical control. However, misuse of chemical control can cause environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and the emergence of chemical-resistant pathogens, the deterioration of soil quality, and the destruction of biodiversity. In order to control rice diseases, research on alternative biocontrol is actively pursued including microorganism-oriented biocontrol agents. Microbial agents control plant disease through competition with and antibiotic effects and parasitism against plant pathogens. Microorganisms isolated from the rice rhizosphere are studied comprehensively as biocontrol agents against rice pathogens. Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Trichoderma sp. were reported to control rice diseases, such as blast, sheath blight, bacterial leaf blight, brown spot, and bakanae diseases. Here we reviewed the microorganisms that are studied as biocontrol agents against rice diseases.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 1996

The efficiency of bioremedation can be measured by the enumeration of microorganism, respiration rate and decomposition rate. The side-effect can be measured by using Daphnia, oyster larvae and rainbow trout. Oxygen transfer could be a problem in the on-site treatment. For these, hydrogen peroxide can be used for solvents such as benzenes. Oleophilic nitrogen and phosphorus can be added for the treatment of oil pollution. Mixed microbial population or pure culture can be used for the inoculum. The pure culture used is Pseudomonas and Phanerochate. Sometimes enzymes are added and Photodegadation is coupled to increase the efficiency. For the treatment of oil pollution residue on soil such as waste lubrication oil and machine oil sludges, top soil of 15cm∼20cm depth is plowed and oil residue with approximately 5% concentration is applied. The optimum pH range is 7∼8, the ratio of phosphorus to hydrocarbon is 1:800. Appropriate drainage is necessary. For the treatment of marine oil pollution residue, addition of oleophilic fertilizer is effective. Air pollutiant such as oder can be treated by bioremediation. In this case, biofilters or biosrubbers are used for the reactor.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.353-358
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• 2018

An effective bioformulation of mixtures of chitin-degrading bacteria has been used successfully to control plant diseases and nematodes. In this study, the bioformulation approach was assessed to control damping-off disease of ginseng. In pot experiments with soils infested with dapming-off pathogens of ginseng, root-drenchings of Chrobacterium sp. C-61, Lysobacterium enzymogenes C-3, and mixture of two bacterial strains grown in chitin minimal medium were signficantly increased emergence of seeds and reduced damping-off disease incidence of seedlings. Efficacy of the bioformulated product depended on the dose and timing of application. In two-year-old ginseng field, the high control efficacies were achieved by soil drenching of two times with an undiluted product or three times with a 10-fold diluted product. In a To-jik nursery (self soil nursery), biocontrol efficacy of the undiluted product against damping-off disease were similar to that of a seed dressing with fungicide, Tolclofos-methyl WP. These results suggest that the bioformulated product containing Chromobacterium sp. C-61 and L. enzymogenes C-3 could be an effective approach to control of ginseng damping-off disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.257-264
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• 2011

On April 20, 2010, semi-submersible offshore drilling unit Deepwater Horizon was exploded and sank, and 4.9 million barrels(about 778 thousand tons) of crude oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. As more than one year has been passed since the incident, a lot of investigation reports and lessons learned have been made public and also a lot more will be released soon. This paper studies the final report of the National Commission on "the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling", which was organized by the executive directive of U.S. President Barack Obama, and the interim report of Joint Investigation team of U.S. Coast Guard and BOEMRE of "Report of Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Explosion, Fire, Sinking and Loss of Eleven Members Aboard the Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Deepwater Horizon". The review is focused on the response to the oil spill. And the paper suggests how to improve national marine pollution response policy. In the paper, the Korean governments is suggested to reinforce the capability for instructing and supervising the responsible party's source control measures, to review how to introduce in-situ burning and vessel of opportunity program into our country, and to continue monitoring on the progress of developments of R&D projects related to oil spill response in the U.S..

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2013

This research was performed to establish basic technology for Chinese cabbage clubroot chemical control by investigating the soil contamination of Plasmodiophora brassicae in major producing regions of fall Chinese cabbage. PCR primers were developed to detect P. brassicae, a causal agent of Chinese cabbage club-root that generally occurs in Cruciferae family. A primer set, PbbtgF761 and PbbtgR961, specifically amplified a 245 bp fragment from P. brassicae only. At places well known for fall Chinese cabbage, 10 out of 33 in Haenam-gun, 5 out of 13 in Yeongam-gun and Yeonggwang-gun, 1 out of 6 in Gochang-gun, 2 out of 12 in Hongseong-gun, and 5 out of 17 in Dangjin-si resulted positive for P. brassicae contamination. The results show that the soil contamination rate of P. brassicae was 30.3% in Haenam-gun, 38.5% in Yeongam-gun and Yeonggwang-gun, 16.7% in Gochang-gun, 16.7% in Hongseong-gun, and 29.4% in Dangjin-si. The six places where Chinese cabbage clubroot was visible by naked eye were 100% confirmed by the PCR test of the P. brassicae contaminated soil. Thus, simple PCR test may be utilized as an index to decide on chemical control of P. brassicae.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2012

Once oil has spilled, oil spill responders use a variety of countermeasures to reduce the adverse effects of spilled oil on the environment. Mechanical methods of containment and recovery are preferred as the first response when the use of other methods fail or are ineffective. In these cases, the application of oil dispersants shall be use only as a last resort. While effectiveness of dispersants in removing oil form the sea surface is proven, the use of dispersants is controlled in almost all countries due to the toxicity of their active agents and the dispersed oil on the marine environment. However, according to reports, after dispersant application, no significant toxicity to fish or shrimp was observed in the field-collected samples. Moreover, the results also indicate that dispersant-oil mixtures are generally no more toxic to the aquatic test species than oil alone. During the Deepwater Horizon Incident, dispersants were applied to floating oil and injected into the oil plume at depth. These decisions were carefully considered by state and federal agencies, as well as BP, to prevent as much oil as possible from reaching sensitive shoreline habitats. Net Environmental Benefit Analysis for dispersant use assumed that dispersants appear to prevent long-term contamination resulting absence of oil in the substrate and will benefit marine wildlife by decreasing the risk of significant contamination to feathers or fur. Further study to use dispersants with scientific baseline is needed for our maritime environment which consistently threaten huge oil spill incidents occurrence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.282-287
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• 2018

Due to limitations in responding to oil spill incidents that are urgent or that cover a wide area with only oil spill response vessels, Korea Coast Guard (KCG) patrol vessels are utilized. In this study, we have developed an oil sweep system suitable for small patrol vessels. The equipment consists of three components - fixed support, poles, and slide fixers - and can be fastened with a toggle pin to a fall prevention bar on small patrol vessels without welding or additional efforts for installation. The respective weights of each component - fixed support, poles (2 pcs), and slide fixers (4 pcs) - are approximately 9.2 kg, 6.5 kg, and 3.5 kg. The 3 m-pole, which is rotatable 180 degrees horizontally, is folded deckward when replacing oil absorbents. As the development of this equipment has improved the method of deploying and retrieving oil absorbents on KCG small patrol vessels, we expect that more efficient oil spill cleanup will be possible.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.263-269
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• 1994

A method to control the cigarette beetle. Losioderma serricorne F, m cigarettes by using gamma ray irradiation was evaluated When all stages of cigarette beetle were placed in gelatin capsules and irradiated wlth gamma ray. no eggs survived, but mortalities of pupae, larvae and adults exposed to above 0.8 kGy of gamma ray were only from 0 to 30%. Similar results were also obtained in the control efficacy of the beetle when seuqal kinds ot currently produced ngarettes containing m gelatin capsules were inadhated with gamma ray The cigarette beetle adults and larvae surviving gamma ray inadiatlon were reared on artificial d~etsto show that there were no reproduc. tions was observed in the second generation. The survival periods for each growth stage became shoter with increase gamma ray dosage. The fouirh instar larvae had the longest sulvlvai periods No sign~ficant changes of cigarette flavor and taste were noticed alter gamma ray inadiation. The cigarette packet, metal fotl for packet and cigarette paper by the inad~atlon were not discolored by irradiation.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.343-350
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• 2022

Purpose: The Taean oil spill in 2007 taught us a great lesson and is a representative example of a social disaster. It was overcome through the dazzling dedication and service of volunteers. However, behind the volunteers, they were directly or indirectly exposed to the spilled oil, resulting in health problems such as headaches and safety accidents. Safety accidents were caused by unsafe behavior, and unsafe behavior was caused by lack of safety awareness or ignorance. We want to find an education and training program to systematically raise safety awareness for volunteers in connection with the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Method: The occupational safety and health law, the laws related to coastal clean-up, and the unsafe behavior factors in the statistics of occupational accidents in the past year were mainly identified. Result: The contents of education and training hours to be provided for volunteers involved in coastal clean-up were presented in comparison with workers under the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Conclusion: Safety and health education for volunteers and volunteer managers is directly related to safety awareness and can prevent unsafe behavior.