• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.540-546
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• 2003

Biological activities of solvent fractions obtained from Cnsicum annuum leaves, being used in material of functional food, were examined by the methods of DPPH scavenging activity, reducing power, nitrite scavenging activity, antimicrobial activity and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity. The highest yield was obtained from water fraction, where as the lowest yield was obtained from ethyl acetate traction, 16.9% and 0.6%, respectively. Hydrogen donating activity of Capsicum annuum leaves in increased with increasing amount of extract. Reducing power of the ethyl acetate fraction is increased as the amount of extract is increased. Even in the presence of 900 $\mu\textrm{g}$ of ethyl acetate fraction, reducing power was significantly higher than it was fer the control in which there was no extract. Among the various solvent fractions, ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest scavenging effect on hydrogen peroxide. Nitrite scavenging effects of all concentrations diminished at higher pH, while in the case of pH 1.2, it showed a nitrite scavenging effect of more than 90% at concentration above of ethyl acetate fraction 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$. Among the various solvent fractions from methanol extract of Capsicum annuum leaves, ethyl acetate and butanol fraction showed the strongest antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction was 20 mm against Bacillus cereus, 18 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 17 mm against Streptococcus mutans. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest of inhibitory activity of tyrosinase.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.394-400
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• 2003

This study was earned out to investigate the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim fruits ethanol extract on Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and cancer cell lines using Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. They were extracted with ethanol and then fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water to get active fractions. In the Ames test, most of the extracts had strong antimutagenic effects against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG, 4NQO, B(${\alpha}$)P and Trp-P-l. The ethanol extract (200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate) of Eleutherococcus senticosus fruits showed 87.2％ inhibitory effect on the mutagenesis induced by MNNG against TA100. And also, The suppression ratio against B(${\alpha}$)P and Trp-P-l in the TA100 showed 96.1％ and 95.5％, respectively. In the cytotoxic effects against human cancer cell lines (A549, AGS, MCF-7, Hep3B), the value of inhibition were mostly above 60％ for each fraction (1 mg/mL). Hexane fraction (1 mg/mL) against showed the strongest cytotoxic effects of 92.7％ compared to those of other fraction and butano fraetion against Hep3B was relatively high growth inhibitory effect of 82％.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.311-316
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• 2004

Antioxidant effects of Rosa davurica Pall extract on copper-mediated LDL oxidative modification were investigated. Oxidation products of LDL were determined based on TBA value, formation of conjugate diene, and apolipoprotein carbonyl value. As revealed through TBA values, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of R. davurica Pall root showed strong antioxidant effect, with 85.3 and 93.2% inhibitions at $30\;{\mu}g/mL$ each, respectively. Ethyl acetate and butanol fractions at $30\;{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited LDL oxidation up to 8 hr. Conjugate diene formation by lipid oxidation with $Cu^{2+}$ addition in ethyl acetate and butanol fractions decreased 2.2-and 5.6-fold, respectively, compared to control. Carbonyl value decreased in the presence of butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of R. davurica Pall root showed higher absorbancy at 285 nm. Ethanol extract of R. davurica Pall root and stem contained 10.6 g/100 g total phenolic compounds. Results reveal phenolic compound as major biological component in R. davurica Pall extracts. Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction showed strongest antioxidant effect on LDL oxidation.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.367-372
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• 2015

This study was aimed at determining the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of solvent extracts from Asparagus cochinchinensis. The Asparagus cochinchinensis was extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and ether. The antimicrobial activity of these extracts was determined by modified well diffusion methods against 4 species of respiratory disease bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). In addition, the amount of total polyphenol and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity was evaluated. Ethyl acetate extract of A. cochinchinensis exhibited higher antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms than water, methanol, ethanol, n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ether extracts. For antioxidant activity, the ethyl acetate extract of A. cochinchinensis exhibited a notable effect on the scavenging of superoxide against DPPH ($IC_{50}=3.81mg/ml$). Finally, the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were $14{\pm}0.7mg/g$, and $0.50{\pm}0.13mg/g$, respectively. These results can be regarded as basic research into A. cochinchinensis for the prevention of respiratory diseases. The results indicate that A. cochinchinensis may be utilized as a nutraceutical for respiratory diseases when the physiologically active substances of A. cochinchinensis are increased by further study.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.332-339
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• 2002

The pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury as well as the modulation of hepatic fibrogenesis is causally associated with involvement of reactive oxygen species and free radical reactions. In this study, we investigated whether flavonoids (fustin, sulfuretin) which were isolated from Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RCS) have antioxidant and antihepatotoxicity effect under the biliary liver fibrosis condition. After surgery (control) and posttreated RCS methanol extract (250mg/kg), ethyl acetate extract (250mg/kg) and flavonoids were administered p.o. 10mg/kg/day in two weeks for control groups. The concentration of clinical parameters and product of hepatic lipid peroxidation and the hydroxyproline content were significantly increased in liver fibrosis developed rats. Among the clinical parameters of serum, value of ALT, AST, SDH, total bilirubin and ${\gamma}$ -GT in posttreated RCS components-group showed significantly lower than in control-group. The content of hydroxyproline in posttreated RCS components-group showed lower than in control group and then the value of MDA in posttreated RCS components-group was also significantly reduced to 40~60% of that in control group. The hepatic xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidate activities were posttreated RCS components-group showed significantly lower than in control-group. The hepatic SOD and glutathione peroxidase activities were posttreated RCS components-group showed significantly higher than in control-group. Hence we concluded that active components of fustin and sulfuretin which were isolated from R. verniciflua Stokes were hepatoprotective effect in experimental liver fibrosis.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.183-191
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• 2011

We investigated characterization as cosmetic substances of chestnut inner skin extracts with in vitro antioxidant activity. Total phenolics of various extracts from chestnut inner skin were the highest 60% methanol (164.82 mg/g), and ethyl acetate fractions (191.14 mg/g). We found that the both samples from chestnut inner skin dose-dependently increased in vitro antioxidant activities (DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation). In addition, the both samples also showed a strong UV absorption in the range of UV-B (290-320 nm). Especially the 60% ethanol extracts presented higher inhibitory effect on elastase (46.40% at $100{\mu}g/mL$) than that of the ethyl acetate fractions, so that it showed in vitro anti-wrinkle activity. Finally, the 60% methanol extracts and ethyl acetate fractions showed anti-bacterial activity against skin pathogenic bacteria. Consequently, these results suggest that the chestnut inner skin can be used for cosmetic industry.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 2020

In this study, we attempted to obtain an active ingredient that inhibits the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) that breaks down collagen in human skin fibroblasts. More than 50 plant extracts were screened, and Lonicera japonica was selected for this study. The stem of L. japonica was extracted with 70% ethanol and fractions with solvents in the order of hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol. MMP-1 production were significantly inhibited at the concentration of 50 ㎍/mL of the ethyl acetate layer and 200 ㎍/mL of the butanol layer. To get a fraction containing all of these effective components, 80% ethanol fraction (LJ F80) was obtained through HP20 resin column chromatography. The reference substance, loganin and LJ F80 inhibited dose-dependently MMP-1 production. At the same concentration, LJ F80 showed a higher inhibitory effect than loganin. The stability of this fraction was analyzed with HPLC while kept storing at 4 ℃, room temperature, and 40 ℃, for 16 week. The stability was maintained as ± 10% of initial value with reference loganin. Therefore, it is thought that LJ F80 of L. japonica may be used to improve wrinkles.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.604-610
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• 2012

The nutritional composition and in vitro anti-oxidant activities of blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) leaf extract were investigated to examine their physiological characteristics. Calcium was the most abundant mineral. The principal free sugars were glucose, sucrose, maltose, and fructose. The amino acids were mainly composed of glutamic acid and aspartic acid. The fatty acids consisted mainly of 40.94% saturated fatty acid and 54.35% unsaturated fatty acid. In addition, the 112.64 mg% of vitamin C was analyzed as a natural anti-oxidant. Based on the bioactivity-guided isolation principle, the resulting ethanolic extracts from the blueberry leaf were divided into several fractions of n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the greatest total phenolic content. The total phenolics and flavonoid were 50.51 mg of GAE /g and 13.09 mg%, respectively. The ABTS-radical-scavenging activity of the ethyl acetate fraction was 97.53% at a concentration of 500 ${\mu}g/mL$. The ferric-reducing anti-oxidant power of the ethyl acetate fraction increased in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of the blueberry leaf extract has good in vitro anti-oxidant activities and excellent nourishment, and can thus be useful food resources.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1071-1079
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Schisandra chinensis seed fractions by adding them to UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells and analyzing the suppression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). An electron-donating assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of S. chinensis seed (SCEAf) has scavenging activities. A collagenase inhibition activity assay showed that SCEAf had inhibitory effects of over 92.3% at $500{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. An MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of SCEAf in HaCaT cells and the results showed that SCEAf increased cellular viability in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, SCEAf was found to increase the viability of cells irradiatged by UVB $50mJ/cm^2$. To examine the anti-aging effects of SCEAf on HaCaT cells irradiated with UVB $50mJ/cm^2$, the expression of MMP-1 and -3 was analyzed by Western blotting and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that MMP-1 and -3 proteins and mRNA levels were downregulated in a concentration-dependent manner in response to SCEAf. These results suggest that SCEAf can prevent aging and alleviate aging symptoms by inhibiting collagenase activity in skin keratinocytes damaged by UVB. Therefore, S. chinensis seeds may have the potential for use as functional ingredients with anti-aging effects in the cosmetic and food industries.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2001

2kg of the dried leaves of chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher were ground, extracted with acetone-$H_2O$(7:3, v/v), concentrated, and fractionated with a series of hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc and water on a separatory funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried to give dark-brown powder and a EtOAc soluble portion of the powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-hexane mixture as eluents. Spectrometric analyses such as NMR and FAB-MS including TLC were performed to characterize the structures of the isolated compounds. The leaves of chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher contained a large amount of taxifolin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranoside and (+)-catechin in addition to a small amount of quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside.