• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.113-126
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• 2015

This study intends to investigate the features and the difference between traditional instruction and flipped learning through a comparative analysis of verbal interaction on those learning method. The videos of traditional instruction and flipped learning of 5th graders social class were recorded and transcribed, which were analyzed in Flanders verbal interaction model. The results were as follows: First, the flipped learning is composed of students' learning activity and a teacher's statement properly, while the traditional instruction consists of a teacher's statement mostly. Second, the traditional instruction tends to be directive classes that full of dominant, despotic, restrictive communication of teacher oriented. In contrast, the flipped learning is inclined to be nondirective with integrated, democratic, comprehensive, permissive communication of students oriented. Third, the flipped learning emphasizes students' activities and statement and reduces delivery of knowledge, meanwhile, the traditional instruction stresses delivery of content that the teacher centrally located. Lastly, the type of verbal interaction in traditional instruction is a one-way communication, students responding simply in teacher's lectures and questions. On the other hand, in flipped learning lessons, more interactive communication occurs, teachers complimenting students and accepting their comments.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.158-165
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• 2019

Through the use of speech software technology, this paper examines the effects of voice interactions within the inner circle of English. The fundamental frequency (F0) was obtained by analyzing native speakers (aged 30-55) speech effects based on nationality, age, and gender. The findings within this study reveal that the Caucasian British female (age 33) and the Caucasian American male (age 55) produced the most interactive speech. The contributing factor is the students' experience with various language styles throughout their language acquisition studies. The results of this study are compatible with $Traunm{\ddot{u}}eller$ & Eriksson (1995) and previous studies which agree that continuous speech above average is paramount towards student engagement and interactions.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 2001

웹 상에서의 다양한 멀티미디어 지원에 있어 이들 미디어들은 서로 분리되어 있으며 정교한 프로그래밍 작업 없이는 다른 요소들과 상호작용하지 못했다. 1998년 6월 발표된 SMIL1.0은 다양한 멀티미디어들간의 상호작용을 가능하게 하였다. 지금까지의 웹기반 멀티미디어 동기화를 위해서는 DHTML이나 Plug-In 등의 부가적인 방법이 사용되어 왔으나 본 논문에서는 SMIL Timing과 Style Sheet 언어를 이용하여 내용중심 마크업 언어에서의 구현이 용이한 멀티미디어 동기화 표현의 방법을 제시하고 그 특징을 살펴본다. 그리고 이를 실험하기 위하여 마크업 언어의 하나인 HTML에 제안된 방법을 적용하였으며 자바언어의 쓰레드 기술과 JMF 기술을 이용하여 시간적으로 미디어간의 동기화가 지원되는 브라우저를 설계 및 구현한다.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1221-1235
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the infant-teacher interaction and its possible effects. The subjects of this study were 24 child-care teachers from Jungup City, Korea. Among them, 12 teachers participated m the program as an experimental group. The program processed 8 sessions in total, a session a week and 90 minutes for each session. The data was collected by questionnaires of infant-teacher interactions and videotapes of their linguistic and behavioral interactions between infants and teachers. The collected data was analyzed by t-tests, wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and video content analysis. As a result, the teachers in the experimental group showed more significant enhancement than teachers in the comparison group in relation to the post-test of positive linguistic interactions between infant and teacher and teacher' positive reaction.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.155-168
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• 2007

Social and psychological experiences in human-agent interactions are becoming more important than the task-oriented efficiency, as the influence of computer agents increases and human-agent interaction develops similarly with interpersonal interaction. Many previous studies aimed to increase social presence in human-agent interaction, in order to derive users' positive psychological experiences, by applying the factors of interpersonal communication to verbal and non-verbal communication of the agents. This study examined the effects of the exchanges of mutual self-disclosure, one of the most important communication acts in interpersonal communication, between users and interface agents. Users' attachment styles towards the perception of social presence, the evaluations toward the agents, user experiences, and the intentions for future interaction were also studied. The mediating role of social presence in dependent variables was, also, examined in this research. The results showed that exchanging self-disclosures with an agent increased the perceptions of social experience, friendly evaluations toward the agent, positive user experience, and the intentions for future interaction. Participants' attachment styles, also, affected the perceptions of the dependent variables. The effects of the exchanges of self-disclosure and participants' attachment styles were mediated by perceived social presence toward the agent. The findings of this study imply that the social and communicational aspects need to be considered in design of the agents seriously. The results also suggest that there may be differences in the psychological effects of agents on users according to the users' personality.

• 한국과학교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.01a
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• pp.129.3-129.3
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• 2008

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.385-415
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• 2011

To investigate the more effective mathematical communication process, a recommended teacher and a selected class as an exemplary model was analyzed with Flanders system. The mathematical communicative level was examined to measure content level using the framework analysing the mathematical communicative level(Park & Pang) based on describing levels of math-talk learning community(Hufferd-Ackles). The purposes of this paper are to describe the verbal flow pattern between teacher and students in the elementary school class for mathematically gifted students, and to propose the effective communication model of math-talk with analysis of verbal teaching behavior in the active class. In addition the whole and the parts of the exemplary class sample is respectively analysed to be used practically by elementary school teachers. The results show the active communication process with higher level presents a pattern 'Ask Question${\rightarrow}$Activity (Silence, Confusion or work)${\rightarrow}$Student-Initiated Talk${\rightarrow}$Activity (Silence, Confusion or work), and the teacher's verbal behavior promoting math communication actively is exhibited by indirect influence especially accepting or using ideas.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.356-362
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• 2000

Students' protocols obtained from audio/video taping of small cooperative group problem solving processes were analyzed in the aspectsof verbal behaviors. The frequencies of the behaviors were com-pared by students' previous achievement level. Students' involvement in the verbal interaction for each level of students in each small group were also investigated. High-ability students ebility students and medium-or low-ability students.No significant differences were found in the subcategories of 'receiving information' or 'asking'. 0nly 3 small groups among 12 groups studied were found tobe bal-anced in students' involvelment. lnvolvement of medium-ability studentstended to be lower than that of high-and low-abilit students.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.475-482
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• 2012

A class is a complex and interactive process between a teacher and students. This paper describes a software design and implementation of the tool easily to analyze and quantize teaching ability. Our proposed software is implemented based on Flanders linguistic method. The software can easily represent the linguistic analysis results by abstracted graphic drawings. We carry out the performance test of our implemented software targeting incumbent teachers. In the experimental, we could demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of our implemented software.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.1 s.18
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• pp.267-276
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• 2004

이 글은 초등학교 학생들을 대상으로 상호변화적(covariational) 개념으로 변화율에 대한 교수실험을 담고 있다. 기하적 문맥에서 함수의 그래프를 자연스럽게 도입하고, 함수의 변화율에 대한 상호변화적 질적 접근의 예를 제시한다. 또한 언어적 명령을 통하여 스스로 함수의 그래프를 만들어보도록 하고 함수의 그래프를 분석하는 경험을 가지게 하여 이후 함수와 그 역함수와의 개념을 마이크로월드에서 경험하도록 하는 환경과 그 역할에 대하여 논의한다. 이 과정을 통한 마이크로월드, 학생, 연구자의 역할과 상호작용을 알아보고 이 후의 대수식의 도입에 대한 문제를 논의한다.