• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.520-528
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• 2015

This study is intended to find out pre-service teachers' perceptions of effective teaching behaviors. 89 pre-service teachers observed teaching demonstrations of each other and rated the degree of importance of teaching behaviors and their own performance level. It was found that Class Operations received the highest score in both the importance and performance levels, followed by Lesson Organizations and Verbal Expressions. However, they considered Gesture and Clothing as well as Facial Expressions and Gaze less important. The results of t-tests showed that the differences between the importance and performance levels for all five areas were statistically significant. The results of importance-performance analysis indicated that Verbal Expressions, Eye Contacts, Time Control, and Emphasis on Important Contents are the factors which need to be improved for effective teaching.

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.485-500
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate how elementary mathematics teachers use and implement a reform-oriented mathematics curriculum material, Everyday Mathematics, and to examine what features the curriculum material has. Eight elementary mathematics teachers in the United States participated in the study. Data sources consist of teacher classroom observation write-ups, interviews, and the curriculum material. The results from the analysis of the curriculum material suggest that 80 percent of the tasks are at the high-level in terms of cognitive demand and 26 percent of tasks are identified as transparent. The results also show that the teachers appeared to adapt the curriculum material and partially take suggestions or activities out of the curriculum material in enacting them in their mathematics classrooms. The analysis of enacted tasks suggests that the levels of cognitive demand were shifted from high-level to low-level; 27 percent of the high-level tasks in the curriculum material were maintained at the high-level as enacted in the mathematics classrooms. The level of cognitive demand shifted in many cases; shifts from high-level to low-level occurred. This contributes to the curriculum material not being transparent to teachers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.943-944
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• 2009

본 논문은 임의의 호스트의 실행 환경과 리소스에 대한 변경 없이 독립적으로 응용 프로그램 수준의 가상화를 제공하는 단일 실행 파일을 가지는 이동형 SW의 제공 방법에 대하여 소개한다. 이는 실행 포맷 변환기를 통하여 설치형 SW에서 추출된 이동형 SW 정보를 본 논문에서 제공하는 응용 파일 시스템에 구축하고, 이를 실행하기 위하여 윈도우 기반 시스템에서 사용자 레벨의 라이브러리 후킹 기술을 이용한 가상 실행 라이브러리와, 이 가상 실행 라이브러리를 실제 구동되는 이동형 SW 프로세스에 바인딩하여 실행시키게 하는 실행 엔진 모두를 하나의 파일에 제공하는 방법 대하여 기술한다

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.75-81
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• 2023

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of early childhood teachers' perception of young children's right and teachers' right on their implementation of respect for young children's right. For this, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 355 early childhood teachers working at early childhood education institutions in the Seoul metropolitan area. Collected data were analyzed with Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 24.0. As a result, the higher the level of early childhood teachers' perception on young children's right and teachers' right, the higher the level of their implementation of respect for young children's right. In addition, early childhood teachers' perception of young children's right and teachers' right were found to be predictable variables on their implementation of respect for young children's right. Based on the results, we suggest a need to enhance early childhood teachers' perception not only on young children's right but also on teachers' right to enhance their implementation of respect for young children's right.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.132-140
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• 2006

As a competition of the internet shopping mall is getting worse, the manager of the internet shopping mall has to know about the internet shoppers. To know about the internet shoppers is an important and difficult task. Accordingly, this paper is designed to take a look at the direction and the patterns of the development of new products as well as changes in the needs of clients in the concepts of client-satisfaction administration executed in the administration of enterprises. In order to outlive from these economic situation and struggle for existence, we are in need of detailed strategies and service for only a customer, and differential goods from other items. The purpose of this study was to review the gap between the progress of individualization and consumrirs' expectations on the Internet shopping malls centering around the apparel shopping malls - which are most obliged to satisfy the consumers who are extremely individualized - and thereupon, explore the directions for development of on-line shopping mall designs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.166-168
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• 2000

자바가상기계(JVM : Java Virtual Machine)는 실행전에 바이트코드를 확인하는 바이트코드 검증기와 실행환경에서 점검하는 바이트코드 인터프리터를 포함한다. 자바 애플릿은 서비스 거부 공격이나, 사용자를 속이기 위한 조작한 링크 정보를 상태바에 보인다거나, 전자메일을 위조하여 보내는 등의 사용자에 유해한 행위를 할 수 있다. 웹브라우저를 통해 유해한 행동을 하는 클래스에 대해 사전에 바이트코드 수정을 통하여 안전한 클래스로 대체한다. 바이트코드 수정에는 클래스 수준 수정과 메소드 수준 수정이 있다. 클래스 수준 수정은 자바의 상속성을 이용하고. final 클래스나 인터페이스처럼 상속되지 않는 클래스는 메소드 수준에서 바이트 코드 수정을 한다. 메소드 수준 수정은 바이트코드 명령과 Constant Pool을 수정한다. 바이트 코드 수정을 적용하면 웹서버, 클라이언트, 브라우저에 대해 어떠한 별도의 작업도 필요없이 프락시 서버에서 유해클래스를 Safe 클래스로 수정한 후 브라우저에 보인다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.295-306
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• 2023

In this study, we explored science teachers' perceptions of adaptive practice in terms of importance and practice. For this purpose, an adaptive practice questionnaire was developed targeting secondary science teachers, and the responses of 128 science teachers were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows: First, the science teachers responded that all 17 items regarding adaptive practice were important. In particular, items related to 'addition of examples', 'adjustment of the level/range of concepts', and 'encouragement of student participation' showed high importance and performance levels. Second, the results of the IPA concerning adaptive practice showed that the items needing intensive improvement due to high importance but low performance were 'encouraging students' self-directed learning' and 'monitoring and responding to individual differences'. The science teachers identified a lack of time and uniform curriculum as the reasons for the low level of practice despite the high importance of these items. Third, regarding the IPA of the adaptive practice items, the items located in the fourth area, an excessive area, concerned 'pace control', 'modifying activities', and 'metaphor use'. More specifically, considering that 'metaphor use' was the only item with a higher level of performance than importance, it is necessary to reconsider whether problems are caused by excessive use. Fourth, analyzing the responses regarding the reasons for the difference in importance and performance revealed that the factors related to teachers included teachers' lack of knowledge or ability, and the tendency to implement as planned. As for student factors, an excessive number of students, differences in the levels of students, and a tendency to prefer classes centered on entrance exams were identified. As environmental factors, a uniform curriculum, conditions for experiments, evaluation systems, and external demands were mentioned. Finally, the implications of the results of this study for science education were discussed.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-457
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• 2022

An effective teacher community helps the participating teachers improve their instructional quality. This study reports a teacher community consisting of 15 elementary school teachers and one teacher educator. This paper analyzed 15 mathematics lessons in which the teachers implemented the five practices for orchestrating productive mathematics discussions by Smith and Stein (2018) based on the grade-specific discussions as well as the whole community's discussions. The results of this study showed that the overall levels of each practice either increased gradually or maintained at the highest Level 4, as mathematics lessons had been implemented. Specifically, the following practices were quite successful: setting goals for a lesson, selecting an appropriate task, anticipating student responses, and selecting student solutions. However, both sequencing and connecting student solutions were implemented at various levels. Monitoring student work tended to remain at Level 2 which included incorrect implementation of the practice. This paper closes with implications related to the skillful implementation of the five practices through a teacher community.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.175-199
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is tthe first, diagnosing the effect of terminal operating strategy which Busan Port container operators established and executed by the strategy execution process (XPP) model, second, enhancing the competitiveness of Busan Port Container Terminal by presenting ways to improve the executive ability of strategies. In order to achieve the purpose, this study utilized XPP 6 steps diagnostic variables of Kaplan and Dr. Norton for problems of the strategy execution of Busan Port container operators and conducted the survey of 7-point scale targeting employees of Busan Port container operators for the variable measurement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.382-390
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• 2018

This study developed a model to evaluate the quality management system of a medical device manufacturing company, and applied it to medical device manufacturers to understand the impact on business performance in response to international regulations and industry's change. This study prepared preliminary items, defined four (4) major factors (Plan-Do-Check-Act) that consist of the evaluation layers and items per category according to prior research review and expert interview, and calculated the weight and importance using AHP. The study results showed that responsibility & authority and quality objective in Planning Category, product-related requirement and R&D in Doing Category, Measuring and monitoring in Check Category, and review of meeting Regulatory and regulation in Action Category are relatively more important factors. The evaluation model developed based on the calculated weight and importance to business performance was applied to medical device manufacturers to investigate and analyze the implementation level of QMS and its impact on business performance according to each category. Most medical device manufacturers to be studied showed a reasonable level of QMS and effective business performance. Almost all the evaluation layers and items in the four (4) factors had a significant influence on business performance. Although the medical device quality management system is aimed mainly at license acquisition, it is important that management environment factors not related directly to licensing and authorization are important to business performance, and it is effective when these factors are integrated and operated within and outside the manufacturer.