• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.581-597
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• 2017

In this study, we conducted a statistical analysis to see how visitors were satisfied through experiences at the Goseong Dinosaur Museum, which is a representative natural history museum in the Republic of Korea. As a result, during the last 10 years (2005-2014) the total number of visitors to the Goseong Dinosaur Museum was more than 3,410,000 persons. The maximum- and minimum number of visitors per year was more than 440,000 and 300,000 persons, respectively. The annual average number was more than ca. 340,000 persons. Among the visitors, the number of individual visitors was more than 2,800,000 persons (82.0%) and the number of group visitors was about 610,000 persons (18.0%). As a result of the monthly visitor analysis, the maximum number of visitors was about 530,000 persons in August while the minimum number of visitors was about 140,000 persons in February. The visiting patterns of the individual and group visitors were different. There were the largest number of the individual visitors in August and the smallest number of them in December, whereas the largest number of the group visitors in October and the smallest number of them in February. The visitor's residence was generally proportional to the geographical accessibility and the number of people in their residence. The results showed that the degree of visitor's satisfaction using Likert scale was relatively high with the score of 4.1. However, the visitors recommended that some facilities should be improved. Regarding the number of visits and the intention of revisit, 102 persons (53.1%) of 192 made a visit to the museum more than two times, and 178 persons (89.9%) of 198 visitors would like to visit the museum again. It is recommended that the results of this study be used in developing a long term-plan or for the Goseong Dinosaur Museum.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between depressive symptoms and sociodemographic factors associated with geriatric depression and insomnia and to examine the effects of these factors on depression. Methods : The severities of insomnia and depression in elderly aged 60 and older lived in Gwangmyeong city were evaluated and the related sociodemographic factors were investigated. From April 20, 2016 to December 1, 2016, Gwangmyeong city Mental Health Sevices consignment by department of psychiatry of a university-affiliated general hospital conducted surveys and interviews for total 837 elderly peoples lived in Gwangmyeong city by visiting welfare center and wards located in the city. Structured interviews were conducted using Insomnia Severity Index(ISI) and Short form-Geriatric Depression Scale(S-GDS) to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the severities of insomnia and depression. Results : There were significant differences in S-GDS mean scores and age(below 70 years old, 70s, 80s, above 90 years old), type of health care(health insurance, medical aid), type of residency(own, not own) and marital status(single, married, divorced or widowed).There was a significant difference in education level, especially between not educated(and/or) elementary graduates and college graduate(F=3.227, p=0.012). Also, there were significant differences in age, type of health care, type of residency, number of household on divided S-GDS score above and below 10 scores(p<0.05). Insomnia measured by ISI was not significantly associated with sociodemographic factors(p>0.05), but was significantly associated with depressive symptoms(p<0.05). These findings suggest more severe insomnia symptom indicated the higher probability of depression and elderly with depressive symptoms had more severe insomnia. Conclusions : Geriatric depression has significant relationships with age, type of health care, type of residency, marital status, education and number of households. In addition, insomnia which is main symptom of depression in elderly, has important role in predicting the severity and diagnosis of depression.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.282-291
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• 2014

This study was conducted to make distribution model of the Red-crowned Crane and the White-naped Crane according to the anthropogenic and natural factors affecting distribution of crane in Cheorwon, Korea. It was investigated that the impact power and its range of the indirect anthropogenic influence to feeding flock density in cranes from the road, residential area, military facilities, civilian control zone (CCZ), greenhouse and natural influence such as roosting site and available feeding area. Available feeding area is the most important factor for the crane's feeding site selection. The feeding flock density of the cranes near the residential area was lower than that of area far from the area, and tended to increase within 2.5 km distance. The increasing tendencies of feeding flock density from military facilities and high traffic volume road were similar, but the density in military facilities increased within 800 m, and the density from high traffic volume road increased within 2 km. These results suggested that residential area, military facilities and the road with high traffic volume had significant effect on foraging densities to the certain range. As the distance from the road with low traffic volume and roosting site increased, feeding flock density tended to decrease. The density of Red-crowned crane and White-naped crane inside the CCZ were respectively higher than those of outside the CCZ, especially for the Red-crowned crane. As a result, density of Red crowned cranes inside the CCZ was 5.2 times higher than that of outside, while that of white-naped cranes was 2.2 times bigger. If the density of greenhouse is lower than $40km^{-2}$, crane's feeding flock density in the low greenhouses density area was higher than that of high greenhouses density area. However, there was no difference in the feeding flock density if the density of the green houses is higher than $40km^{-2}$. The model for the Red-crowned Crane was related with available feeding area, distance from residential area, civilian control zone and distance from high traffic road. The model of the White-naped Crane was related with available feeding area, distance from roosting site and distance from lake. Finally, the estimated feeding flock density of cranes significantly correlated with density model according to the natural and anthropogenic factors.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.97-110
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• 2012

In case of the axial line bikeway, the residents in the riverside use it frequently but those in the city center hardly do as the axis is formed along the riverside of the Han river. This situation happens due to the inefficient connectivity between the bikeway that leads to the riverside and that in the city center, which means the administrative policies have been focused on the facilities rather than on raising connectivity of the bikeway networks in the south of the Han River. Also, this is the point of time when a reasonable improvement plan is needed to raise the accessibilities of the bikeways in Seoul, not just a utilization of those in the south of the Han River. This study intends to analyse the connectivity between Gangseo (west of the Han River) and Gangdong (East of the Han River) districts by comparing the current spatial structure in the southern areas of the Han River and that after the installation of the axial line, and that after installation of the ordinary bikeway respectively with use of the Space Syntax Model, and to predict resultant changes there of. The Space Syntax Model was used as the major method of analysis in this study to find out characteristics of the bikeways in the south of the Han River. Consequently, as the analysis shows that when the bikeways in the Gangseo and Gangdong-gu districts are connected, the accessibility of the bikeways in the south of the Han River will improve while the spatial structure intelligibility will be lowered, it can be said the prediction rate in the all areas is low compared with the current status. It is analyzed that the intelligibility of the current bikeways in the south of the Han River appeared highest when compared with those of plans for installation of the axial line and ordinary bikeway because they don't interconnect with other areas.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 2000

This survey was conducted to assess the utilization of health center including health sub-center and community health post and the health service demand of residents in a urban and rural unified community. Officials in Up·Myun·Dong offices visited randomly sampled 4,027 households(4.6% of total households in unified City) which included 3,337 households in urban area(4.9% of total households) and 690 households in rural area(3.7% of total households) and interviewed with heads or housewives of the households in September, 1995. There were significant differences in health-related demographic characteristics including age-sex distribution, educational level, period of residence in the community and medical insurance status of the interviewees between urban and rural areas. Of the respondents, 64.8% in urban area and 55.6% in rural replied that they had utilized the health center in the past. The most common purpose for visiting the health center was to get vaccination in urban area and to get outpatient care in rural area. The top priority health center activity that needs to be reinforced was communicable disease control and over 90% of the respondents preferred to have mobile clinic and home health care service in were also highly demanded. Eighty-six percent of the urban respondents replied that a health sub-center must be established in urban area. In the rural area, 90.3% of the respondents replied that they wanted to maintain the health sub-center and 88.3% wanted to maintain the community health post. Along with the improvement of facilities and equipments of the health center by Rural Health Service Improvement Project, new health service programs must be developed to meet the demand of the community.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1155-1167
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of falls, fear of falling, perceived health status, and number of disease according to cognitive function in community-dwelling the elderly women. This study utilized a descriptive survey design. Data were collected for six months with 311 elderly women who visited in public health center at S city. After obtaining Institutional Review Board(IRB) approval, a face-to-face, and private interview was conducted with each participant who was eligible and agreed to participate in this study by trained graduate-level nursing students. The questionnaires consisted of MoCA-K, K-MMSE, Fall Efficacy Scale, PHS scale. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 17.0 program, which was used descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test and t-test, Correlation. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1) The average age of the subjects was 71.68±5.13 and cognitive function score was 22.14±4.32. approximately 35% of participants had fallen within one year. 2) there were significant differences in perceived health status according to cognitive function. 3) fear of fall and cognitive function, perceived health status and cognitive function were significant correlation. In conclusion, this study will contribute to establish strategies for preventing fall. Interventions for fall prevention and fear of fall enhancement should be developed with the consideration of the level of cognitive function in the elderly. Reducing the fear of falling through the comprehensive nursing intervention will ultimately improve the quality of life in the elderly.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2014

The ventilation frequency of 0.5 times in residential facilities is applied mandatorily to the housing facilities containing more than 100 house units to improve the indoor air quality and create comfortable interior conditions and pleasantness for residents. The Building Energy Efficiency Rating system requires the implementation of leakage test based on ventilation frequency with the test results being reflected in the efficiency ratings, thereby stimulating the precise construction of the fittings in the periphery of windows and savings of energy that can be lost due to the infiltration air. The inspection results of the Building Energy Efficiency Rating at the site showed that the ventilation frequency was in the range between 0.63 and 0.71 and that the difference was found to have a significant effect on the amount of energy reduction. It is urgent to conduct the study on highly leakage-proof buildings and construction methods, along with the expansion of mandatory leakage-proof diagnosis of non-residential buildings, considering the mandatory ventilation frequency below 0.6 for passive houses under the European standards and the target set by Korea to introduce the passive house, the rigorous standard for energy efficiency in buildings and mitigating their ecological footprint, by 2017 and achieve the zero house by 2025.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.20-33
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• 2006

Changing of industry structure and development of traffic and telecommunications requires a change of the knowledge about the space where the human beings reside. Step by step the world is being divided into specified utility blocks. Today there is a limit that only one local government can compete with another region in the world. This study provides decision support tools with the use of GIS on the regional level for regions competition. GIS establishes regions and analyzes their geographic environment data, which will help in local-government problem solving and provide framework data for similar regions to become the community. The wide-area GIS application can present an objective and rational basis for regulation of inefficient investments and excessive competition between adjacent regions. The study area is Gangwon-do. Considering specific features of Gangwon-do which preserved high-quality environment resources, river basins were taken as a basis among natural regional elements. The main object of analysis conducted were the facts relevant to environmental regulation. The Gangwon-do consists of three regions in this study: Yongdong region, North-Hangang region and South-Hangang region. The analysis of each region regulation cases showed the following: in Youngdong region the forests regulation rate is high, in North-Hangang region the military installations protection sector's rate as well as regulation rate for water resources protection is relatively high, in South-Hangang region the forest and water resources regulation rate is high. The percentage of forests and water regulation rate appeared to be rather high in Gangwon-do, which means that the value of forest and water resources there is very high.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.106-113
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• 2013

This study aims to establish the identity of traditional Korean gardens and develop a universal way for overseas Koreans and foreigners to have an appropriate understanding of traditional Korean gardens, as part of efforts to distribute and promote the overseas establishment of traditional Korean gardens. The focus of this study is on developing planning and design guidelines to ensure that traditional Korean gardens have individuality when they are established overseas and on establishing directional rules for planners. Although traditional Korean gardens may vary in form according to their purposes and spatial scales, the most important thing is that they should incorporate emotions that are well-matched with Korean landscapes and that their design language should be easily recognizable and understandable to everyone. The basic spatial types of traditional Korean gardens for overseas establishment, which are presented in this study, include the exhibition(fair) type, the garden type and the park type. These basic types serve as prototypes that correspond to the purposes of the gardens. In consideration of the spatial scale, the exhibition(fair) type is set as the minimum unit for composition, and suggested basic facilities include trees, a well, a pond and an island in the pond, flower beds and fences. The results of this study have significance as basic information for planning and designing traditional Korean gardens for overseas establishment.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.933-943
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify determinants for preferred funeral methods depending on socio-economic characteristics. In South Korea, the Act on Funeral Services, Etc. categorizes funeral methods into burial, inurnment, and natural burial. This study empirically analyzes how and what socio-economic characteristics affect choices among these three categories. Data is collected from Social Survey 2017 and funeral facilities in the country. The data to be analyzed is developed in terms of a hierarchy which puts the burial and cremation methods in an upper class and the inurnment and natural burial methods in a lower class. Based on this data, a nested logit model is employed to conduct empirical analysis. The analysis indicates that those characteristics that have a statistically significant influence on preferred methods include gender, age, householder, marriage, satisfaction with life, class awareness, monthly income, housing type, housing tenure type, and living in city area. Each variable's modulus of calculated direct and cross elasticity need to be used to analyze the outcome of a nested logit model. In this study, the modulus of direct and cross elasticity are determined for the significant variables. The calculated direct elasticity is applied to analyze the likelihood of choosing each funeral method when there are changes in the significant variables. When a particular method has been selected, on the other hand, the cross elasticity is utilized to analyze changes to the likelihood of choosing the other methods. One of the most notable results is related to natural burial. In order to meet the demand for natural burial, it is necessary to provide more burial sites and raise awareness of natural burial. This will facilitate the efficient use of national territorial space.