• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.271-277
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• 2016

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract from Codonopsis lanceolata root in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Codonopsis lanceolata root was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol were significantly decreased(p<0.05) in Codonopsis lanceolata root treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. Also the content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) and glucokinase(GK) were significamtly increased(p<0.05). These results indicated that ethanol extract of Codonopsis lanceolata root would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.118-128
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation on healing of impaired wound and alteration of mast cells in experimental diabetic rats. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups : incision (control), diabetes+incision (diabetes) and diabetes + incision + electrical stimulation (D/ES). Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) injection (60 mg/kg, one time) and 20 mm length incision wounds were created on the back after shaving hair. The electrical stimulation rats were treated with a current intensity of 30~50 V at 120 pps and $140{\mu}s$ for 10 days from 3 days after STZ injection. The lesion and adjacent skin tissues were fixed with 10% buffered formalin, embedded with paraffin. For wound healing analysis, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and picrosirius red staining were performed. Mast cells (MC) were stained with toluidine blue (pH 0.5) and quantified at ${\times}200$ using a light microscope. The density of keratinocyte proliferation and microvessels in skin tissues were analyzed using a computerized image analysis system on sections immunostained with proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin (${\alpha}$-SMA), respectively. The results showed that the wound healing rate, collagen density and neoepidermis thickness, density of PCNA-positive cells and density of ${\alpha}$-SMA-positive vessels were significantly higher in D/ES rats than in diabetic rats. The density of MCs and degranulated MCs in D/ES rats were also significantly higher than those in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that the electrical stimulation may promote the tissue repair process by accelerating collagen production, keratinocyte proliferation and angiogenesis in the diabetic rats, and MCs are required for wound healing of skin in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.250-261
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• 2006

Diabetes mellitus, as a major health problem for the elderly, is associated with an extensive list of complications involving nearly every tissue in the body and has been shown to alter the properties of bone and impair fracture healing in both human and animals. The objective of this study was to examine the healing process of a mandibular fracture in the streptozotocin-induced rats histomorphometrically and histologically. A standardized fracture model was chosen and based on blood-glucose value at the time of surgery. A total of 11-weeks old 36 rats were divided into 2 groups; One is a streptozotocin-induced diabetic group and the other is a non-diabetic group. All was fractured experimentally. Three animals from each group were killed 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after fracture and specimens were processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometric and histologic studies. The diabetic group showed a significant decrease of histomorphometry-based parameter including trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness in comparison to the non-diabetic rat. This was confirmed histologically. In conclusion, this study suggests that in streptozotocin-induced diabetics, the healing process of bone fracture was impaired and delayed about 2-3 weeks comparing to non-diabetics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.682-687
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• 2020

This study was performed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract of Phelladrindron Amurense Rupr (P.A) in Streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45mg/kg,b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer. The ethanol extract of P. A was orally administrated once a day for 7 days at a dose of 1,000mg/kg. The content of serum glucose, was significantly decreased in P.A treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucokinase(GK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) were significantly increased(p<0.05), and activity of glucose-6-phoshatase(G-6-Pase) was significantly decreased(p<0.05) in P.A treated group compared to those of STZ-control group, These results indicated that ethanol extract of P.A have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2004

We investigated the hypoglycemic effect of formula containing Euonymus alatus (EA) and Mori Folium (MF) in multiple low dose (MLD) streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In order to iduce hyperglycemic state 25 mg/kg of STZ was injected intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days. SD rats were randomly divided into diabetic control and treatment groups. Treatment groups were administered with either 250 mg/kg of EA and 250 mg/kg of MF (E1Ml), or 500 mg/kg of EA mixed with same dose of MF (E2M2) for 3 weeks. Blood glucose levels and body weights were measured every 5th or 6th day. E1Ml and E2M2 both significantly reduced food intake, water intake, and fasting blood and urine glucose levels as compared to those in diabetic control group in a dose dependent manner. Body weight in diabetic control group was increased slightly after 3 weeks. Treatment group, however, showed gradual increase in body weights during 3 week-period. While plasma insulin levels of the diabetic control group were decreased to the level of 387$\pm$14 pg/ml from 534$\pm$36 pg/ml, those levels in E1Ml and E2M2-treated groups were both markedly increased by 13% and 26%, respectively. Urine glucose levels in E1Ml and E2M2-treated groups were also remarkably reduced by 17 and 26% compared to the levels of diabetic control group. While expression of membrane-bound glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) protein in skeletal muscle was reduced by 45% in diabetic control compared to the normal control, GLUT-4 protein expressions in E1Ml and E2M2-treated groups were augmented by 2 and 3.5 times compared to the diabetic control, respectively. Pancreatic HE staining experiments showed that E2M2-treated group revealed much less infiltrated mononuclear cells, indicating that E2M2 efficiently blocked insulitis induced by multiple low dose streptozotocin. Taken together, we conclude that formula containing EA and MF may prevent or delay the development of hyperglycemia through overexpression of GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscle and prevention of insulitis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 2000

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to estabilish clinical guidance of microvascular anastomosis in diabetic patients. This study was performed with experimental microvascular anastomosis in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and observed histopathologic change and endohelial healing process. Materials and Methods : 70 Sprague-Dawley rats, weighting 200 to 250grams, were used for the experiment. 35 induced diabetic rats with streptozotocin and 35 control group were selected. After end-to-end carotid artery microvascular anastomosis was done, the experimental rats were sacrificed at different time interval (1st day, 3rd day, 1st week, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week) for histologic examination. Light microscope observation was used in this study. Results : 1. Histopathologic changes are nearly the same healing process in two groups. But period of tissue reaction was faster in the control than diabetic group. 2. In endotheliall healing, control group started at 1 week after and completed at 4 weeks after, but diabetic group was observed partially at 4 weeks after and complete healing was not observed still at 8 weeks after. 3. In subintimal hyperplasia, control group was observed at 6 weeks after but diabetic group was observed at 6 weeks after and partially at 8 weeks after. 4. All groups showed severe inflammatory response in the early period. This respond is decreased at 2 weeks after in control group but still remained at 8 weeks after in the diabetic group. 5. In media, inflammatory response and degeneration were observed in early period. Regeneration of smooth muscle cell was observed at 1 week after in control group but 4 weeks after in the diabetic group. Conclusions : As the results of study, it could be thought that vascular regeneration process was not failured but delayed in the diabetes. It was considered that diabetes mellitus was not absolute contraindication of microvascular anastomosis.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.457-463
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the protective effects of the vitamin C in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced apoptosis using the SH-SY5Y, a neuroblastoma cell line. The cells were pretreated with the vitamin C ($100{\mu}g$) for 30 min, followed by the 24-hr treatment with the 2.5-mM STZ. The cell-viability assay using the Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 revealed the cell-survival rate increased by 15% following the vitamin-C pretreatment compared to the STZ-only treatment. Moreover, we conducted the western-blot analysis to determine the protective effect of the vitamin C regarding the apoptosis. Compared to those in the STZ-only-treatment group, the p-ERK and Bcl-2 expressions increased in the vitamin-C-pretreatment group, whereas the p-JNK and Bax expressions decreased. The vitamin-C pretreatment increased the expression of the SOD-1, an antioxidant enzyme, by more than 30%, indicating its protective role in the STZ-induced oxidative stress. Also, we found both the intrinsic- and extrinsic-pathway mechanisms of the STZ-induced apoptosis. The results of this study $s{\mu}ggest$ vitamin C may help prevent the neurodegenerative diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.253-264
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• 2001

This study was carried out to examine a part of the mechanism for the etiology of diabetic complications. Thirty normal and forty streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were used as the animal models. The animals were sacrificed at the time points of 3 days, 1,2,4 and 6 weeks after STZ-injection and a time course changes in the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS) in blood, urine, and tissues, along with the levels of conjugated dienes in tissues were measured as indices of in vivo lipid peroxidation. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and the levels of blood retinol and alpha-tocopherol were also measured. The diabetic rats maintained a slightly higher plasma TBARS level throughout the experiment. The urinary TBARS level was significantly higher in diabetic group and gradually increased with time. Concentrations of TBARS in liver, heart, and kidney tissues from diabetic animals were higher than those from the normal group. An increase of conjugated dienes was also observed in the all tissues examined. The kidney tissue of diabetic animals revealed more significant lipid peroxidation state than any other organ tissues. The activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase were higher in diabetic animals compared to the control ones and increased with the duration of diabetes mellitus. The plasma levels of vitamin A and E were loser in diabetic animals than in normal controls throughout the experimental period. The level of vitamin E in diabetic animals was significantly decreased with the duration of the disease. The results of this study suggest that an effective regimen to suppress the adverse changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system is required from the early stage of the disease to prevent the development of diabetic complications. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 253∼264, 2001)

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2020

Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate whether peripheral axonal regeneration is affected by diabetes in experimental animals. Method: Sprague Dawely rat was injected with 45~50 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) to generate an animal model of diabetes. Three months after STZ injection, sciatic nerve (2 cm length) was removed and the same length of nerve segments from STZ-injected animal or from control animal (CTL) was transplanted into STZ-injected animals (STZ-STZ and STZ-CTL respectively). Similarly, sciatic nerve segments from STZ-injected animal or from control animal were grafted into the control animals (CTL-STZ and CTL-CTL respectively). All animals were sacrificed 2 weeks after transplantation. Sciatic nerve sections were prepared and subjected to immunofluorescence staining analysis. Results: Immunofluorescence staining for NF-200 showed that distal elongation of regenerating axons reached 40~80% of proximal neve in both CTL-STZ and CTL-CTL groups. However, distal elongation in both STZ-STZ and STZ-CTL groups were 20~60% of proximal nerve. Furthermore, measurement of axonal regeneration after immuno-staining with SCG10 showed that the scores of distal elongation relative to proximal nerve were 50~90% in CTL-CTL and CTL-STZ groups and 10-60% in STZ-CTL and STZ-STZ. Conclusions: Our data showed that the levels of axonal regeneration were not affected irrespective of whether they were from STZ- or CTL graft, but were greatly reduced when the nerves were transplanted into the STZ host.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.362-366
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• 2007

The leaves of Ligularia stenocephala (Compositae) are used as a vegetable food to treat anxiety, weakness and menstrual disorder and are said to be effective against diabetic disease in Korea. This research was aimed to develop this vegetable food as a functional food to treat diabetic disease. Oral administration of MeOH extract exhibited significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats at 100 and 200 mg/kg dose. This extract inhibited the increase of body weight, water consumption, food intake, blood glucose, lowered atherogenic index, and overcome glucose intolerance in the STZ-treated rat. These results suggest that the leaves of Ligularia stenocephala could be developed as a functional food with anti-diabetic effect.