• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.142-163
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of problem solving ability and satisfaction of university students who are pre-technology teachers in woodworking products(birdhouse) making program using design thinking. Survey responses are analyzed by statistical programs(SPSS ver.20) such as satisfaction, confidence in problem solving, difficulties and causes of difficulties according to gender and grade of 33 students who conducted experience programs in extra-curricular programs to improve creativity and problem solving ability. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: First, the average of total satisfaction about experience programs is 4.39, which is somewhat high. The highest average response is 'feelings of accomplishment' and 'advice in the surroundings'(M = 4.46). There is no significant difference between male and female, and grade. The students interest in group-based different birdhouse woodworking together with the help of the surrounding people by the process of design thinking rather than practice to follow. Therefore, I'd like to recommend to other students due to this program shows a high self-confidence, sense of accomplishment, and satisfaction. Second, the total average response of students 'self-confidence for problem solving at the group based making experience program using design thinking is 3.80. In result of group activities, the students have self-confidence of 'problem-solving ability and deal with difficult situations'. Later, in making programs, complementing difficulties of making can enhance the satisfaction of the students. Third, in the survey questionnaire related with problem solving ability confidence, between 'I have the ability to solve many problems' and 'I always have the ability to cope with new and difficult business situations' show the highest correlation. Therefore, in order to improve self-confidence of problem solving ability, it is necessary to prepare teaching learning programs that can strengthen problem solving ability. Fourth, in the new design and making process not a given product design, the most difficult step is 'the process of rework and modifying idea product'. The main reason that students have difficulty in the production process is 'lack of knowledge and ability to produce'. To make various woodworking products using design thinking process, it can be helpful to make works if you have enough training on woodworking and design thinking before product making. The students' satisfaction about team-based learning using design thinking that helps improving creativity and problem solving ability is high. Therefore, the result of the research in other making activity program that design thinking is applied and analyzed can improve students' problem solving ability.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.536-544
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• 2020

This study provides basic data for finding a plan for future teacher education in the future society by conducting an IPA-analysis of the abilities required for early-childhood who will become talented persons of the future society and the perceptions of early-childhood teachers about the era of the 4th-Industrial-Revolution. The study was conducted with 194 childhood teachers working in early-childhood educational institutions located in Jeju. It used a questionnaire of the demand survey for teacher education development for early-education based on the 4th-Industrial-Revolution. In the era of the 4th-Industrial-Revolution, the capabilities needed for early-childhood were revised and supplemented in 2016 at the World Economic Forum "Jobs Future Report". The frequencies and percentages were calculated to analyze the characteristics of each subject's background variables, the perceptions of early-childhood teachers and teacher education needs, and a t-test was conducted for each item to analyze the difference in importance and performance of early-childhood's competence. In the importance of competence required for infants who become talents for the future, the results showed that early-childhood teachers chose to have a high level of caring-sharing and curiosity-interesting ability. In the performance, they have a high level of caring-sharing and cooperation-communication ability.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an occupational therapy intervention program of arts and crafts on the activities of daily living and quality of life of outpatients after a stroke. Methods: Using an experimental pretest-posttest control group design, we conducted the following with ten participants diagnosed with stroke: one retest session, 10 intervention sessions, and one posttest session. MMSE-K (Korean version of the Mini-mental State Examination), COPM (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure), and WHOQOL-BREF (The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF) scores were obtained before and after the intervention. The results were analyzed using descriptive and nonparametric statistics. Results: As a result of comparing the pretest-posttest scores of the experimental and control groups, there was no significant difference in K-MBI score improvement in terms of activities of daily living. There was a significant difference in COPM scores between the experimental and control groups. There was a significant difference between the WHOQUP-BREF scores of the experimental group before and after the experiment, as well as between the groups. Conclusions: The results suggest that an arts and craft group occupational therapy intervention program for stroke patients may have a positive impact on activities of daily living and quality of life. Although an arts and craft group occupational therapy intervention program appears to be a promising approach, further studies are required to confirm these findings.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.281-287
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• 2006

Intraspecific diploid androgenesis was achieved in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis) by the inhibition of the first mitotic division using combined thermal treatment. A combined thermal treatment (heat shock at $40.5\;^{\circ}C$ for 120 sec followed by cold treatment at $1\;^{\circ}C$ for 45 min) applied to the 1st metaphase of cell division (28 min post insemination at $25\;^{\circ}C$) successfully recovered viable androgenetic diploidy. Mean hatching success of the androgenetic diploid group was 29.6%, and the average yield out of total eggs taken was about 7% assessed at 1 week of age. However, relatively large variations in the yield of diploid androgenesis were observed among different egg batches used as cytoplasmic donors. Successful diploidization was confirmed by flow cytometric analysis, and parthenogenic reproduction in a paternal exclusive manner was verified with transgene dosage. Significant mortality was found in most androgenetic groups especially from hatch to 1 month of age, although such mortality was stabilized later.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.100-108
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• 1995

The purpose of the present study was to examine whether Interpersonal Cognitive Problem Solving(ICPS) skill training would enhance interpersonal solving skills and behavioral adjustment of mildly mentally retarded adolescents in the junior and high school. The program used in the present study was shortened and adapted for mildly retarded adolescents from Shure and Spivack(1982) program which was developed to improve the adjustment of children in the intermediate grades 5-6. The subjects were 22 mildly retarded adolescents, and they were assigned to either the experimental(11) or the control group(11). The experimental group were given ICPS training 4 times a week over a period of 8 weeks with a total of 32 sessions in all. The results showed a significant improvement of alternative thinking and consequential thinking in the experimental group compared with the control group. With regard to behavioral ratings by the parents and teachers, there were no significant differences between the groups. The results indicated that the training was effective in increasing the ability to generate alternative solutions and to predict consequences, but the significant improvement of interpersonal cognitive problem solving skills did not lead to noticeable improvement in behavioral adjustment. It was suggested that a longer training period for over-learning, concomitant parent education program, and more behaviorally oriented social skill training combined with the cognitive approach would yield significant training effects, maintenance and transfer.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.297-317
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of Science Social and Emotional Learning(SSEL). The factors of SSEL were suggested, and by utilizing them, the contents of middle school's science and Chemistry 1 textbook were analyzed. The factors are as follow: numeracy, information and communication technology, critical thinking, creative thinking, personal and social capability, ethical understanding, and intercultural understanding. The results showed that the 60~70% of textbooks put emphasis on numeracy, information and communication technology, critical thinking, creative thinking while some factors were limited in th contents, which were personal and social capability, ethical understanding, and intercultural understanding. Therefore, teacher should try to reconstruct the teaching and learning materials and fill in the deficiencies of SSEL factors through class activities. In addition, it is suggested to study specific application methods such as science activities or experiment activities in detail to meet social and emotional learning.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.155-165
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• 2012

In any military services, young leaders are superiors to another and the leaders must be equipped with not only command and control(C2) and management capabilities but with a skill set that addresses their service members' problems and hardships throughout a counseling approach. These young leaders other than regular professional counselors are wearing dual hats as a commander and a counselor to address their service member's issues. There are couple of hours to give a lecture about counseling during the basic training course, however, we noticed that there are some limitations to cover up the uniqueness of counseling during the course, since we cannot rule out the unique vertical situation within military system that runs by its hierarchy. Therefore, we developed education program in order to enhance commander's counseling skills, refined the program with thorough review and commentary by professions and military commanders, and provided 10 events of program to the young leaders. As a result, the leaders scored high on self-effectiveness, communication skills, and counseling development-level. If we adjust minor changes to the program, it will be the outstanding program to improve young leaders' counseling capability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.297-306
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• 2017

The study was performed to determine the impact of the gastrocnemius taping with balance training on spasticity and balance ability of the ankle joint. A total of 25 stroke subjects were divided into two groups: a taping with balance training (n=14), a sham taping with balance training (n=11). Spasticity assesment was scored by modified ashworth scale. Balance ability assesment was performed by functional reach test (FRT), the timed up & go test (TUG). The stability index (SI), the left-right weight distribution (left-right WD), the toe-heel weight distribution (toe-heel WD) were analyzed in the eyes open conditions(EO) and eyes closed conditions(EC) conditions using by the Tetrax interactive balance system. The experimental group showed a significant improvement in SI, left-right WD and toe-heel WD in the EO and EC, MAS, FRT, TUG. In comparison between the groups, a significant improvement was detected in FRT, TUG, SI and left-right WD in the EO, and left-right WD and toe-heel WD in the EC. It was found out that a short period of balance training with taping is effective on spasticity and balance ability in stroke patients. Therefore, any stroke patient without skin damage is encouraged to use the gastrocnemius taping for balance rehabilitation.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.563-585
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• 2010

The major goals of this study are to find the factors that enhance self-directed math learning in college math classes and to provide the students with the opportunities to check and develop their self-directed math learning attitude. For these research goals, we prepared the questionnaires that asked about their learning motivations, basic learning ability, self-discipline strategies, and self-directed learning strategies. Another purpose of the questionnaires was to give them the chances to check and improve their attitude toward those learning strategies, motivation and ability. From the research results, we find that the important factors for self-directed learning are internal & external motivations, concentration ability, and the goal-setting and plan-making abilities. In addition, concentration ability, good habit, stress-control, recognition of math value, and self-directing ability are found to be necessary for the desirable learning environment. On the other hand, we find that the ability to perform note-taking, class preparation and review, time-control, and test-control is required for the selection and practice of self-fitting learning strategies. Finally, we provided our own self-directed math learning model. Our model, containing the necessary factors for self-directed math learning, is the revised and modified one of Knowles(1975)'s 5 stage self-directed learning model that comprises diagnosis of learning desire, setting learning goals, grasping human&material resources, selection and practice of proper learning strategies, and evaluation of learning results.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.129
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• pp.247-265
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• 2014

In this paper I will undertake three tasks: first, to identify the difference between John Rawls's liberal conception of liberty and Will Kymlicka's; second, to briefly examine the problems with liberal conception of liberty; finally, to propose a certain alternative that will be able to make liberal conception of liberty more meaningful In Kymlicka's view, Rawls seems to fail to make the best defence of freedom of choice because he wants to explain of individual freedom on the basis of Kant's moral theory about liberty. Kymlicka thinks that it is not a desirable way of defending liberal conception of liberty. According to his liberal theory, Rawls's defence of freedom of choice might make us think that we should have our freedom of choice for its own sake because freedom is the most valuable in the world. So Kymlicka wants to provide stronger argument to defend freedom of choice in liberalism. He insists that it is our projects and tasks that are most important things in our lives. Furthermore, he argues that we should conceive our freedom of choice as a precondition for pursuing those projects and practices that are valued for our good lives. Now I want to look at two concepts of liberty in liberalism with Rawls's theory and Kymlicaka's. In this paper, I shall look at criticisms of the liberal account of freedom of choice. These would give us a certain chance for understanding true freedom.