• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.503-513
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning(significance) of improving early childhood music teaching classes while analyzing microteaching in small group mentoring process. Improvement on teaching was carried out in the form of fellow teacher mentoring made up of small groups of 4 members through microteaching analysis, and the research findings are as follows. First, it was discovered that a clear understanding of musical concepts and theories must take precedence for desirable teaching of early childhood music. Second, it could be confirmed whether musical concepts are well integrated with actual early childhood music teaching activities through small group mentoring. Third, in the process of small group mentoring using microteaching analysis, sympathy was found to be highly important in the improvement on early childhood music teaching by research participants.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.133-152
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• 2004

In this paper, we discuss students' conceptual development of eigen value and eigen vector in differential equation course based on reformed differential equation using the mathematical model of mass spring according to historico-generic principle. Moreover, in setting of small group interactive learning, we investigate the students' development of mathematical attitude.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.103-114
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• 2004

This paper deals with a system that is capable of recognizing hand-signals in 3-dimensional space. The system uses 2 color cameras as input devices. Vision-based gesture recognition system is known to be user-friendly because of its contact-free characteristic. But as with other applications using a camera as an input device, there are difficulties under complex background and varying illumination. In order to detect hand region robustly from a input image under various conditions without any special gloves or markers, the paper uses previous position information and adaptive hand color model. The paper defines a hand-signal as a combination of two basic elements such as 'hand pose' and 'hand trajectory'. As an extensive classification method for hand pose, the paper proposes 2-stage classification method by using 'small group concept'. Also, the paper suggests a complementary feature selection method from images from two color cameras. We verified our method with a hand-signal application to our driving simulator.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.233-258
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• 2017

Although listening to music is the most basic musical experience that is ahead of all the other musical activities, it tends to be neglected due to lack of awareness and difficult teaching methods. This study is to compose integrative music appreciation by reflecting thoughts of children, draw children's attention to listening to music, and let them to discover and create musical concept and structures by themselves, accompanied by related activities through which children can express their thoughts and feelings with children's poem. Considering the peculiarities of three-four year-olds, it may be difficult for them to create poems individually, so we let them to write poems through small group discussion in which they can share their opinions and observe their peers' reaction. We provided a teaching method to teachers who find activities of listening to music and writing poems difficult, then we analyzed the effect. When children finished writing poems in small groups through integrative music appreciation reflecting their thoughts, they placed greater weight on preparing to listen to music at first, but going through the program, they discovered musical concepts and became active in music appreciation. In the related activity, writing poems inspired them to think creatively, listening to their peer's stories. Even children who were not interested in children's poem showed higher participation. Teachers found children's creative words to be interesting, discovering the joy of creation.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the argumentations were affected by the students' characteristics in the small groups. The level of self-concept and science related attitude were examined to the eleventh grade high school students in Daejeon city, and the twelve students were participated for this study. The participants were divided into homogeneous groups and heterogeneous groups. The argumentations under the condition of the interpretations about the experimental results in each small group were recorded by VCR. The recorded data were transcribed, then argumentation levels from transcripts in each small group were analyzed through Mitchell's parameters of argumentation. The results of this study were that the group which had higher level of both self-concept and science related attitudes achieved higher level of argumentation. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to induce students to ask questions and present activities appropriately in order for those who have low self concept and science related attitudes to participate in argumentation.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.8
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• pp.179-188
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• 1999

필자들은 제37회 교육자료전시회(1997)와 제38회 교육자료전시회(1998)에 작품을 출품하였다. 이들 교육자료전시회에 참가하게 된 동기는 다음과 같다. 입문기 아동의 수학교육은 학습내용에 대한 흥미를 가지도록 해야 하며 구체적인 조작활동을 통하여 수량에 대한 기초적인 개념과 원리, 그리고 법칙을 바르게 이해시켜 논리적 사고력을 기르도록 해야 한다. 그러나 대부분의 아동들을 목표수준에서 보면 만족스럽지 못하고, 시간이 지날수록 학습결손아가 늘고 있는 현실이다. 특히 오름길 학습지를 해결할 때는 우수한 아동에게도 조작활동을 시켜보면 뜻밖에 조작 활동을 제대로 못하고 당황하는 경우를 흔히 볼 수 있다. 이것은 개념 형성과 개인간의 차에 관심을 둔 지도가 이루어지지 않은 상태에서, 자기능력과 수준에 맞는 학습을 하지 못하고 다음 단계로 넘어가기 때문이라 판단하였다. 이에 필자들은 교과서에 예시한 활동이나 그림 자료들을 실제로 관찰하고 조작해 볼 수 있도록 구체적인 자료로 대체하여, 수학에서 요구하는 학습지도 원리에 적합하도록 하였다. 또 교실 수업에서 야기되는 개인차에 대한 학습지도상의 문제점을 해결하는 한편, 급우간 인간관계에 바탕을 둔 소그룹 협동 학습을 위한 자료로 수와 가감산의 원리를 쉽게 체득 시킬 수 있도록 하였다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.575-596
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• 2007

This study investigates preservice teachers' development of subject-matter knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge in teaching function concept. This development takes place in the pedagogical mathematics courses in which the theory of constructivism and cooperative learning theory are aligned. Pre and post courses test were administered to examine the development and the follow-up interviews were conducted to gain more details. Analysis of the written questionnaire results and interview transcripts reveal that their limited concept image can be extended and developed in depth through pedagogical mathematics courses that apply reformed teaching methods.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.187-208
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• 2017

This study surveyed 60 early childhood teachers at the kindergartens and day care centers in Incheon Metropolitan City to examine the contents and extent of the teachers' knowledge on early childhood history education by using the definition map designed by Novak and Gowin(1984). To be more specific, the researcher asked the participating teachers through group meetings to draw the definition maps and analyzed them. The results were as follow. First, 11 categories for high level definition of early childhood history education used by early childhood education were identified, among which the most frequently used high level definition were 'life style' followed in order by 'culture/art' and 'great men.' Second, in terms of the average number of dependent definitions included in the given high level definitions, the largest was 'life style' which was followed in order by culture/art, activity methods. It means that the widest area of early childhood teachers' knowledge on early childhood history education was about 'life style,' while it shows that the extent of knowledge on teaching-learning methods was relatively wide. However, in the case of great men, although it was frequently recognized in the high level of definition it was not so in the dependent definitions, meaning the extent of their knowledge was rather narrow. Scholars explain that the higher the teachers' attention and knowledge about the content of curriculum the more options of teaching method they tend to employ to teach in a more extensive and diverged way. Therefore, in order to improve early childhood education, efforts should be more focused on deepening and systemizing the knowledge of early childhood teachers.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.9-15
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• 2020

This study analyzed high school informatics textbooks that were developed based on the 2015 Revised National Curriculum. Content analysis was adopted to analyze the organization system of the textbooks. Learning objectives were also analyzed according to Anderson's taxonomy of educational objectives. Through content analysis, it was revealed that the textbooks were composed of activities, differentiated learning, and small group learning to promote core competencies. The analysis of learning objectives of the textbooks showed that 'understanding' (41%), 'developing' (20%), and 'applying' (18%) were the three highest criteria in terms of cognitive processes; in terms of type of knowledge, conceptual knowledge accounts for the highest(45%), followed by procedural (32%), and factual (12%). Further methods to improve the textbook quality is proposed based on the results from this analysis.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.77-88
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• 2012

This qualitative research provides a situation model, which is designed for promoting learning of eigenvalue and eigenvector. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of the model through a small groups discussion. Particularly, participants of the discussion were asked to decide the numbers of milk cows in order to make constant amounts of cheese production. Through such discussions, subjects understood the notion of eigenvalue and eigenvector. This study has following implications. First of all, the present research finds significance of situation model. A situation model is useful to promote learning of mathematical notions. Subjects learn the notion of eigenvalue and eigenvector through the situation model without difficulty. In addition, this research demonstrates potentials of small groups discussion. Learners participate in discussion more actively under small group debates. Such active interaction is necessary for situation model. Moreover, this study emphasizes the role of teachers by showing that patience and encouragement of teachers promote students' feeling of achievement. The role of teachers are also important in conveying a meaning of eigenvalue and eigenvector. Therefore, this study concludes that experience of learning the notion of eigenvalue and eigenvector thorough situation model is important for teachers in future.