• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.502-507
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• 2016

This study was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of fermented Rhus verniciflua stem bark extract (RVSBE) on the stomach. We evaluated RVSBE for its antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), along with its ability to reduce the viability of human gastric cancer AGS cells. In addition, its anti-inflammatory effect was examined by evaluating nitric oxide (NO) production, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. RVSBE showed antimicrobial activity, as 2.0 mg of the extract produced a clear inhibition zone of 4.0 mm. RVSBE inhibited the growth of AGS cells by 20% at concentrations ranging from 0.25-1.0 mg/mL. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effects of RVSBE, at 0.1-1.0 mg/mL, the extract showed more than 75% inhibition of NO production. In addition, cells treated with 0.25 mg/mL RVSBE showed a 25% decrease in iNOS mRNA levels compared to those in the LPS-treated cells. These results suggest that RVSBE may have significant inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediators, and therefore, may be a potential anti-inflammatory candidate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1978

This study has intended to disclose the change of some chemical compositions of Ginkgo seeds which were acquired the treatment of cold-moist-stratification after collection. As check sample, the room-stored seeds were used. With the reasons that when the seeds not stratified were sown the delay of field germination has usually been resulted, the effectiveness of stratificaation in respect to alteration of chemical composition is to be investigated. The increase and decrease of growth promoting and inhibiting substances were investigated by means of chromatography method followed by rice seedling test or wheat coleoptile straight-growth test. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. In the untreated seeds, the zone of growth inhibitors on paper chromatograph were observed without regard to the tissue differences, embryo, endosperm and seedcoat. 2. Due to stratification, the amount of inhibitor has decreased in the embryo and seed coat, but growth promoters was decreased as compared with the check materials 3. The indications of results appear that each portion of the embryo, endosperm, and seedcoats of Ginkgo biloba L. contains the growth in hibitor taking part in germination dormancy. 4. It was presumed that hastening germination was influenced by decreasing of inhibitors in the embryo and seed coats rather than by increasing of promoters. 5. Gibberellin was detected at Rf 0.26 under the UV-lamp and the abscisic acid was detected at Rf 0.62, Rf 0.70, and Rf 0.78 and showed purple, gray, blue fluorescence respectively under the UV-lamp.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.40-41
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of growth retardant uniconazole on the growth and flowering of Cymbidium Pine Clash 'Moon Venus' and Cym. Green Sour 'A One'. Reduction in leaf length of both cultivars was proportional to the amount (0-5g) of uniconazole and growth reduction of 'A One' was more remarkable than 'Moon Venus'. The inflorescence length was reduced 18.4% in 'Moon Venus' and 15.3% in 'A One' by 5g treatment of uniconazole. There was no significant difference in flowering time, number of inflorescences and florets and size of lower sepal regardless of uniconazole treatment. It was concluded that uniconazole treatment is effective in reducing the leaf growth of Cymbidium. However, as high concentration (5g) of uniconazole reduced the growth of inflorescence causing low quality, 1g was recommended as useful concentration.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.268-275
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• 2023

This study was conducted to confirm the utilization of Pleurospermum camtschaticum root extract as an organic agricultural material. Antioxidant activity of P. camtschaticum root extract, closely related to antibacterial activity, increased in a dose-dependent manner. In mycelial growth inhibitory activity, 100% P. camtschaticum root extract supressed over 70% for Colletotrichum coccodes and over 68% for Colletotrichum dematium. In the pepper fruit anthracnose development test, the size of the lesion decreased in a dose-dependent manner, which showed the same tendency as the previous results in inhibitory activity on mycelial growth. In the pepper seed germination and red pepper growth promotion test of P. camtschaticum root extract, oposite results was confirmed. The lower the concentration, the more the seed germination and growth promotion effects were shown. The phenol content of pepper leaves was also measured after pepper growth promotion test have been completed. The phenol content related to antibacterial activity increased in all treated groups compared to the untreated group. Therefore, the results of this study showed the possibility of development as an organic material.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 1999

To investigate phytotoxic substances in Equisetum arvense, the aqueous extracts(25 and 8$0^{\circ}C$) or the freeze-drying matter from aqueous extracts($25^{\circ}C$) of E. arvense were tested at different concentrations for biological activities on callus induction and growth, seed germination, seedling growth and antibacterial function. Callus induction and growth of Oryza sativa and Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis were inhibited by the aqueous extracts at 8$0^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$ and the higher concentrations. Callus growth of four receptor species was inhibited in order of Platycodon grandiflorum, Sesamum indicum, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis and Oryza sativa. Seed germination of Ο. sativa, S. indicum, and B. campestris ssp. pekinensis was not affected at low concentration, but it was proportionally inhibited by the higher concentrations. The greatest inhibition of seed germination was 28.3% compared to control, when 2,000$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of freeze-drying matter was applied to B. campestris ssp. pekinensis. Shoot growth was stimulated by 500$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of freeze-drying matter, but it was inhibited by the higher concentrations. Root growth was significantly inhibited compare to control at all concentrations. Antibacterial activity of freeze-drying matter didn't showed against Xantomonas oryzae and Eschrichia coli, but a small clear zone was formed by 500$\mu\textrm{g}$ of freeze-drying matter against Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.27-27
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• 2002

식용피(Echinochloa crus-galli var. formosensis Ohwi.) 유묘에 대한 생육저해 정도를 지표로 하여 경북 북부지방에 자생하는 10여종의 야생식물의 부위별 MeOH 추출물을 조사한 결과, 1,000 ppm에서 가죽나무(가지)및 할미꽃(경엽부)은 식용피 유묘의 뿌리의 생육을 약 60∼80% 억제시키는 것으로 나타났다. 식물생장억제활성이 나타난 상기 2종에 대해 각종 크로마토그래피법을 적용하여 활성의 본체를 분리ㆍ정제한 결과, 가죽나무 가지 및 할미꽂 경엽부로부터 500 ppm에서 식용피 유묘 뿌리의 생육을 각각 96%와 73% 억제하는 활성분획들이 획득되었으며, GC/MS 분석을 통해 이들 활성분획으로부터 수종의 식물생장억제활성물질들이 확인되었다.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.407-412
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• 1997

Allelopathic activity of methanol extract from medicinal plants was determined based on the inhibition of germination, shoot and root length of Echinochloa crus-galli. The response was depended on the source of extracts and concentrations. Of the 20 test plants tested, Cnidium officinale showed most inhibition according to germination, shoot and root length of E. crus-galli. Based on the plant parts, the root extract of C. officinale had more inhibitory effect on E. crus-galli than the stem+leaf extract. Phytotoxic effects of the root extract on E. crus-galli showed 75% inhibition of seed germination, 95% inhibition of shoot growth, and 100% inhibition of root growth at the concentration of 1g/petridish. Sequential partitioning of root extract with organic solvents with increasing polarity showed that the ethylacetate fraction had the greatest inhibitory effect on E. crus-galli. Germination was not inhibited at any rate of ethylacetate fraction but shoot and root growth, were significantly inhibited even at 2mg/petridish. This indicates that the most toxic phytotoxin present in the root extract may be moderate polar compound.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.325-327
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• 2012

Experiments for growth inhibition of two different plant pathogenic fungal species, Alternaria alternata (KCTC26781) and Fusarium graminearum ZO3639 (type culture) and ASR1R1 (isolate from rice), by a chitinase (Chi2) expressed in the autolysing tissue of Coprinellus congregatus were carried out. In liquid media, Chi2 ($50{\mu}g/ml$) inhibited more than 90% of germination of A. alternata spore, and the growth of each fungal strain was totally inhibited by the addition of Chi2 at the concentrations of $70{\mu}g/ml$. When $6{\mu}g$ of Chi2 was added twice a day at the hyphal tip zone, both strains of F. graminearum showed growth inhibition as well as decreased hyphal branching.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.187-192
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• 2008

Five environment-friendly farm materials including $Chitomate^{(R)}$, $Diegyun^{(R)}$, IC-$66D^{(R)}$, Gold $Bordo^{(R)}$, and $Biospot^{(R)}$ were examined for their growth inhibition effect of the 7 fungal pathogens of grape in vitro. $Diegyun^{(R)}$, being composed of natural ingredients which are extracted from a plant, was the most effective in suppression of mycelial growth of the fungi. $Diegyun^{(R)}$ inhibited the mycelial growth of all of fungi over 75% at $2,500{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ on potato dextrose agar(PDA) except Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 04-159. Growth inhibition effect of $Chitomate^{(R)}$, being composed of the chitosan, varied depending on the fungal pathogens on PDA. It inhibited the mycelial growth of the Botrytis cinerea 06-063 at the rate of 75.8% at $40,000{\mu}g{\cdot}mL^{-1}$ on PDA while it inhibited the mycelial growth of the C. gloeosporioides 04-159 at the rate of 6.5%. IC-$66D^{(R)}$ and Gold $Bordo^{(R)}$ are two different formula of the Bordeaux mixture, showed different control effects on mycelial growth inhibition. Except of Acremonium sp. the growth inhibition of IC-$66D^{(R)}$ was a little higher than Gold $Bordo^{(R)}$. $Biospot^{(R)}$, a chlorine formula, showed the strongest growth inhibition on C. gloeosporioides 04-159 among the farm materials used. Inhibition of spore germination of $Chitomate^{(R)}$, $Biospot^{(R)}$ and Gold $Bordo^{(R)}$ was higher than mycelial growth inhibition for Pseudocercospora vitis 04-152. The results suggest that the different types of environment-friendly farm materials are needed for different disease control in organic grape farm.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2012

Inhibition effects on spore germination and mycelia growth for pepper anthracnose fungi (Collectricum acutatum) were investigated in vitro using eco-friendly agricultural materials as well as ecofriendly pesticides. The inhibition effect on mycelia growth of anthracnose fungi is the highest when the anthracnose mycelia were treated with a pesticide (commercial name: Koreayeok) that contains a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Panibacillus polymyxa, resulting in 100% inhibition of the mycelia growth. Meanwhile, the range of 20~40% inhibition effects on the growth of anthracnose mycelia was observed with other commercial agricultural materials. The significant inhibition effects on spore formation of anthracnose fungus were shown in vitro with two water dispersible pesticides containing sulfur [BTB (100%) and SulfurStar (95.1%)], Koreayeok (95.0%), Borstar (99.0%) containing Bordeaux mixture, and Jihabudea-KM containing Psedomonas spp. (96.1%), respectively. Taken from these in vitro results of inhibiting of the spore germination and mycelia growth together, Koreayeok is the most effective on control of pepper anthracnose disease in vitro. In addition, two water dispersible pesticides containing sulfur (BTB and SulfurStar) and Borstar (99.0%) containing Bordeaux mixture are also significantly applicable to prevent pepper plants from anthracnose disease in vitro. It remains to be determined whether the selected eco-friendly agricultural materials in effective control of anthracnose in vitro can be used to control pepper anthracnose in field.