• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.137-155
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• 2019

The present study investigated the relationships between autistic trait and socio-moral judgments. We used Autism Spectrum Quotient, a moral judgment task in which participants needed to consider both the intention and outcomes of a person's actions, a moral judgment task in which participants were asked to evaluate a person's utilitarian choices in moral dilemmas, and Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Autistic traits were negatively correlated with blame for failed attempts to harm others, suggesting that higher autistic traits were associated with difficulty in considering intentions in moral judgments. Also, higher autistic traits were associated with higher endorsement of utilitarian option on personal moral dilemmas, and lower endorsement for no-harm principle of moral foundations. These correlations were confirmed as group differences between high autistic-trait group (AQ >= 26) and a low autistic-trait group (AQ < 26). Our findings suggest that individuals with high autistic trait may have difficulty in considering others' intentions and show lower sensitivity to no-harm principle in moral judgment tasks.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.411-424
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• 2009

Morality is one of the references when people judge the world. In two studies we addressed the impact of social distance and mood on moral judgment. Participants judged the people who kill one person to save the many by moral and action appropriateness. In study 1 Social distance was induced in best friends and strangers condition. We hypothesized that judgments rely on deontology depends on social distance. Study 1 showed that same actions in moral dilemmas are judged more severely when the people are more socially distant(strangers). But this effect of social distant was found only judgment of moral appropriateness. Study 2 examined how mood can affect moral judgment. There have been many work investigated the role of mood in determining the kind of cognitive processing. Results from study 2 showed participants in positive mood condition are judged more severely. This difference between positive and negative mood was found only judgment of action appropriateness in contrast with study 1. These results suggested that moral judgment can be affected by social distance and mood. We also found that these factors have selected impact on moral and action appropriateness.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.85-104
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• 2019

Past research showed that presence of others induces morally desirable behavior and stricter judgments. That is, presence of others makes people become a moral being. On the other hand, little research has been conducted to test what effects facial expression of others have on moral judgments. In this research, we tested the effects of emotion exposed by facial expression on moral judgments. To this end, we presented descriptions of immoral or prosocial behavior along with facial expression of various emotions (in particular, disgust and happiness), and asked participants to make moral judgments on the behavior in the descriptions. In Experiment 1, facial expression did not affect moral judgments, but variability of judgments was increased when descriptions and facial expression were incongruent. In experiment 2, we modified potential reasons of the null effect and conducted the experiment using the same procedure. Subjects in Experiment 2 made stricter judgments with disgust faces than with happy faces for immoral behavior, but the effect did not occur for prosocial behavior. In Experiment 3, we repeated the same experiment after having subjects to consider themselves as the actor in the descriptions. The results replicated the effects of facial expression in Experiment 2 but there was no effect of the actor on moral judgments. This research showed that facial expression of others specifically affects moral judgments on immoral behavior but not on prosocial behavior. In general discussion, we provided further discussion on the results and the limitations of this research.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.126
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• pp.377-401
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• 2013

일반적으로 성리학에서는 개인의 이익보다 도덕적 선택을 우선하라고 요구한다. 그러나 "주역"에서는 결코 이익을 죄악시 하지 않는다. 이 글은 성리학자이면서 역학자인 주자의 이익과 도덕에 대한 입장을 추적하는 연구이다. 주자가 소옹의 결정론적 세계관과 도덕적 자유의지를 강조하는 이천의 관점을 결합함으로써 완성하고자 한 것은 "주역"의 서(筮) 속에서 리(理)를 확인할 수 있다는 것이었다. 점서(占筮)의 결과가 그렇게 나오는 것은 그에 해당하는 이치가 있기 때문이라는 말이다. 그런데 "주역"의 리(理) 즉 역리(易理)란 오랜 경험과 관찰을 통해 확보된 사회적 존재로서 인간의 심리적 행위적 경향성의 총합이다. 그리고 그 구체적인 내용은 바로 상황적 합리성과 타자와의 조화로움이다. 이 리(理)는 우주와 사회의 정해진 질서로서 우리에게 주어진다. 개인은 이 주어진 질서에 따를 수 있는 자유와 함께 따르지 않을 수 있는 자유를 지닌다. 때문에 정해진 질서와 그 속에서의 개인의 자유의지는 양립가능한 것으로 받아들여지고, 그런 의미에서 주자는 약한 결정론자라고 할 수 있다. 성리학은 우주의 질서로부터 부여받은 당위의 법칙에 자발적으로 동의할 것을 요구한다. 그것이 가장 올바른 선택이면서 동시에 자신에게 가장 이로운 선택이기 때문이다. 주자는 상황적 합리성과 타자와의 조화로운 관계에서만이 자신의 진정한 이익을 추구할 수 있다고 생각한다. 타자와의 유기적 관계를 부정하고 유아적(唯我的) 이익만 추구하려는 자는, 사회적 존재로서 인간이 지니는 심리적 행위적 경향성을 무시한 어리석은 자이다. 이렇게 주자에게서 이익[리(利)]은 상황적 합리성[의(宜)]이 되고 또 그것은 바로 도덕[의(義)]이 된다. 참다운 의미에서의 합리적인 판단은 도덕적 선택을 불러온다.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.137-160
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• 2018

The present article reviews recent arguments on the moral-conventional distinction in moral judgment and discusses the implications for moral psychology research. Traditional research on moral judgment has considered both the evaluation of transgressive actions of others and the categorization of the norms on the moral-conventional dimension. Kohlberg, Piaget, and Turiel (1983) regard moral principles to be clearly distinguished from social-conventional norms and suggested criteria for the moral-conventional distinction. They assume that the moral domain should be specifically related to the value of care and justice, and the judgment for the moral transgression should be universal and objective. The cognitive developmental approach or social domain theory, which has been generally accepted by moral psychology researchers, is recently being challenged. In this article, we introduce three different approaches that criticize the assumptions for the moral-conventional distinction, namely, moral sentimentalism, moral parochialism, and moral pluralism. Moral sentimentalism emphasizes the role of emotion in moral judgment and suggests that moral and conventional norms can be continuously distributed on an affective-nonaffective dimension. Moral parochialism, based on the evidence from anthropology and cross-cultural psychology, asserts that norm transgression can be the object of moral judgment only when the action is relevant to the survival and reproduction of a group and the individuals within the group; judgment for moral transgression can be as relative as that for conventional transgression. Moral pluralism suggests multiple moral intuitions that vary with culture and individual, and questions the assumption of the social domain theory that morality is confined to care and justice. These new perspectives imply that the moral-conventional distinction may not properly tap into the nature of moral judgment and that further research is needed.

• 정보화사회
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• s.91
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• pp.24-30
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• 1995

윤리란 행위의 옳고 그름이나 선과 악 또는 도덕적인 것과 비도덕적인 것에 관한 판단기준의 체계 혹은 이를 대상으로 하는 학문을 말한다. 또한 윤리는 그 적용대상이 무엇인가에 따라 가정윤리, 사회윤리, 직업윤리, 기업윤리, 정보윤리 등 여러가지로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 여기서 정보통신윤리란 윤리의 문제를 정보통신 또는 정보화사회의 관점에서 조명한 것이라 볼 수 있으며 정보를 다루는데 있어 개인이나 사회구성원들의 행동이나 규범체계로서 그들의 행동이나 태도의 옳고 그름, 좋고 나쁨, 그리고 윤리적인 것과 비윤리적인 것을 판단하게 해주는 기준체계라 할 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2008

Research on moral judgment has been dominated by rational factor or moral emotion, in which moral judgment is thought to be caused by moral reasoning or moral intuitions. This research demonstrates that offender' anger can influence moral judgment. The study examined the role of offender's anger (control group versus anger group) on moral domain ( life, interpersonal ethic, traffic regulation: 6 case) : 2(groups) ×6(cases) mixed design. Participants were asked to judge the offender, case, sympathy and one's anger about the him or her who offended against the law or convention. Participants who perceived the offender's anger tended to assess questionnaire generous. In interpersonal ethic domain, participants have not been affected by anger. There was not significantly differences between two groups in interpersonal ethic domain. The results of experiment confirmed hypotheses that influence of anger varies with the moral domains affected a value system of culture. These findings indicate functional emotion for moral judgment and suggest people may be decide how much emotion is considered on moral judgment performance according to moral domains.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-87
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• 2013

This study explores high school gifted students' perception of cheating in school using the concept mapping method. The map shows the gifted students' concept structure and the different perception between gifted and non-gifted students on cheating. For the purpose, 63 high school gifted students participated at the brainstorming stage to gather the possible related statements. Finally, 64 statements were confirmed and these were divided and evaluated by 13 focus group students. Then, they were analyzed by multidimensional scaling and processed by hierarchical cluster analysis. The results compiled from this procedure show that high school gifted students' perception of cheating is classified into five clusters: "unacceptable cheating behaviors of friends", "an inseparable relation among social structure, giftedness and cheating", "conflict, coping skills, and tolerance related to the cheating", "immorality in one's inner person" and "the judgement based on morality and social justice". In addition, 150 gifted students and 160 non-gifted students checked the degree of agreement to each statement with the likert 6 points scale and the result showed that there was no significant difference in two clusters, "unacceptable cheating behaviors of friends" and "the judgement based on morality and justice", while it turned out that there were significant perception gaps in three clusters, "inseparable relation among social structure, giftedness and cheating", "conflict, coping skills, and tolerance related to the cheating" and "immorality in one's inner person". Implications of the study related to the gifted students' moral behaviors were discussed in depth.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.759-778
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• 2021

This study was carried out to verify whether there were any differences in accepting moral issues between adolescents who played using characters of high status (either objectively or subjectively highly ranked within a game) in the online game world and those who played using characters of low status (either objectively or subjectively lowly ranked). It also investigated whether there were moderating interactional effects for the amount of time spent on playing games and the influence of adolescents' social statuses in games over accepting moral issues. Results showed that, overall, adolescents who played using a lower-ranking character in the game world displayed a higher acceptance of moral issues than those who played using characters of the two other categories (equal to average level or higher). Furthermore, interactional effects were observed for those who played using a low-ranking character and spent longer hours playing games, as they were more likely to accept moral issues. This study is significant in that it offers many implications, as a rare study that verified the effects of cyberspace status on moral judgements made in the real world.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.29-40
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• 2023

The term and concept of "immortality" has garnered a considerable amount of attention worldwide. However, research on this topic is lacking, and the question of when the mind of a deceased individual survives death has yet to be answered. This research investigates whether morality and mind perception of the dead correlate with immortality. Study 1 measures the perceived immortality of people, who were good or evil in life. The results show that the perceived morality is related with the perceived immortality. Moreover, participants indicated the extent to which each person had maintained a degree of morality and agency/experience of the mind. Therefore, morality and mind perception toward a person are related to perceived immortality. In Study 2, participants were asked to read three essays on robots (good, evil, and nonmoral), and had to indicate the extent to which each robot maintains a degree of immortality, morality, and agency/experience of the mind. The results show that good spirits of a robot are related to higher scores of mind perception toward the robot, resulting in increasing tendency of perceived immortality. These results provide implications that the morality of humans and robots can mediate the relationship between mind perception and immortality. This work extends on previous research on the determinants of social robots for overcoming difficulties in human-robot interaction.