• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.145-149
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• 2006

China which has 960km of domain area is one of the biggest countries in the world. Also China has a large population of 1,300,000,000 which are 25% of total world population and consist of 56 ethnic groups. In addition, History of China is immemorial and Confucianism of feudalistic and Taoism idea have effect on Chinese for a long time and architecture is influenced by them. Thus a large degree of variety, abundance, and uniqueness can be found in Chinese traditional dwelling. This research will be focusing on Sanapwon, a traditional housing in Beijing, which represents China's original and distinctive dwelling features. By looking at Sanapwon, we can learn the distinguishable characteristics of Chinese residential area and understand the concept of space. By looking closely at the worldly outlook, historical view, originality, and the spatial notion centered around human beings, many types of Sanapwon and its formation process have been examined Likewise indoor plane construction, and basic element of composition of space will help to study the whole of residing space.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.198-205
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• 2003

In this multi-cultural era, the cultural identity of each nation has appeared as a major issue, and needs to clearly define it through comparisons with other cultures have been raised. This research aims to analyze characteristics of traditional furniture of Korea and China according to residential culture and to find out their similarities and dissimilarities. ‘Banga’ in Korea ‘Sahapwon’ in China in the same era were selected for the comparison for traditional furniture between Korea and China. In the part of comparative analysis, characteristics of the furnitures are summerized based on classification into spatial system of housings and types of furniture. After that, traditional residential cultural differences between two countries that reflected on characteristics of furniture are distinguished and compared. The result of analysis is expected to act a part role of defining the cultural identity of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

The types of China Ancientry Architecture are rich and colorful. Among all these architectures, the Traditional Residence Architecture have the closest relationship with the mass's life. Traditional Residence Architecture reflected the connotation of the culture, philosophy ideology, especially the relationship between dwelling house and the nature, which can't be ignored by our modern people as well as the modern design. Beijing Sahap-won residence architecture is one of the apotheosis of China Traditional Residence Architecture, it'svery suitable for family's habitation. There's brilliance layout in space; around symmetry and radioactivity in plane, discretion grade in line, independence and continuity in inner spatial, with high privacy and benignity, Before the development and explore of modern APT Architecture design, we should fully understand the feature of Ancientry Residence House, inherit and carry forward its culture. The proposed design is started from the consolidation of the traditional feature of Beijing Sahap-won and the modern residence architecture, therefore to satisfy the modern people's fierce pursuing to the traditional culture.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.75-82
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• 2019

After 1840 the first opium war, that changed the social nature and living habitats in China. The purpose of this study is to observe the influence of the war on the plan layout of traditional Chinese residential houses in Beijing Siheyuan. To find out the changes that were made after 1840, and reservation of the past, the space syntax model is used to analyze different social contexts and also compare the ancient and modern residential buildings. The result of the study indicate the following: Before the war, the ancient Siheyuan people's way of life strictly abide by the hierarchy system; External emphasis shows the host's status. However, in modern times, the social status became equal, efficient and harmonious relationship internally, while externally, it arranged the orientation and position of buildings to adapt to the natural environment. However, the boundaries between family members and visitors the emphasis on the courtyard and respect for private life remain unchanged.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2009

This study explores the geographic characteristics of Hutong(alleyways) in Beijing. The word 'Hutong' originated from the Mongolian language, pronounced 'hottog' and meaning 'well'. In ancient times, people tended to gather and live around wells. After liberation, Beijing witnessed a rapid development in urban construction. A large number of residential areas were established and the number of alleyways in the city increased to over 6,000 from about 3,000 before liberation. In recent years, with the city's further modernization, more and more tall buildings have appeared in Beijing while the number of alleyways has been decreasing. 'Siheyuans(quadrangles)' are buildings with unique architectural features in Beijing's alleyways. In recent year, Siheyuans are changing to guesthouses, shops, bars, souvenir shops, restaurants and so on. Especially Nanluoguxiang(alleyway) is becoming an attractive area for tourism and cultural creativity in the ancient capital Beijing. Since 1990, 25 Hutong districts are protected for historical preservation by the Beijing Municipal Government.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.112-120
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• 2005

The object of this study is one of the traditional houses about Siheyuan(courtyard house) which is one of the most remarkable types of dwelling in China. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyse the formation process of the Siheyuan. Its organizational formation process are based on historical and natural-geographical background. With the passage of time this house developed into one of the Chinese house style. The technique of Siheyuan's spatial composition goes so far back in the New Stone Age. The relics of this are the colony layout, the system of four sides, the layout type of a palace, the picture of lacquered ware, the picture of brick, the earthenware of house type, the painting of cave, the paintings of painters and others.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.130-138
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• 2014

This study aimed to grasp Feng Shui Geographical Thought appears in layout, Axial symmetry, hierarchical planning, spatial composition and hidden design techniques of Chinese Garden, that is "Xue effect", "Long-Sha effect" and "Shuikou effect", and to study on expression in Landscape Space. The Author selected the Chinese courtyard and the Nets Garden as the object to prove the Layout landscaping techniques; and selected Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Forbidden City, A square design in Xuanwei as the object to prove the Axial Symmetrical and Hierarchical landscaping techniques, and also selected the Lingering G-arden and the Gentle Waves Pavilion, Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou, and Nanhu Park in Taian as the object to prove the Spatial Composition and Hidden design techniques. The methods of this article is combined Literature survey and Field survey with Case analysis to draw the conclusions as follows: First, "Xue effect" of Chinese Feng Shui Geographical Thought is suitable for the layout of Chinese courtyard and the Nets Garden in Suzhou; Second, "Long-Sha effect" is suitable for the urban planning of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasty, and the layout of the Forbidden City, by the city square design in Xuanwei, we can see that it is also suitable for Chinese modern landscape design; Third, "Shuikou effect" is appeared in the Spatial Composition and Hidden design techniques. All of these landscape design techniques are commonly used in China's modern landscape. It has been proved by the analysis of the Lingering Garden and the Gentle Waves Pavilion, Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou, and Nanhu Park in Taian.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2010

This paper mainly focuses on the Korean Folk Village and Beijing Si-He-Yuan, according to the color theory of hue, value and chroma of Munsell color system to demonstrates the similarities and differences of the traditional upper-class housing between South Korea and China. As the neighboring countries sharing very similar culture and philosophy which owe to the continual communications between China and Korea in the history. The Obangsaek which is derived from the thought of five-elements profoundly and deeply impact on the color selection of traditional housing in both countries. According to the quantitative analysis of photographs, it was found that: 1. The commonly used colors in Korea are Y, YR and neutral color, but in China, people usually used R and GY, especially the high chroma red in Beijing Si-He-Yuan was used as a symbolic color. 2. The chroma preference of traditional housing reveals that people in China used to apply the polychrome and various brightness, on the contrary, the color of low chroma and high lightness were used to be applied in Korea which can give the sense of simplicity and tranquility. 3. Red, one of the Obangsaek affects the color characteristic of Beijing Si-He-Yuan critically but scarcely impact on the color characteristic of Korean Folk Village.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.19-26
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyse the features of plan type and space composition of the Siheyuan(courtyard house) which is one of the most remarkable types of the traditional dwellings in China. With the passage of time this house developed into one of the chinese house style. The technique of Siheyuan's spatial composition goes so far back in the New Stone Age. The relics of this are the colony layout, the system of four sides, the layout type of a palace, the picture of lacquered ware, the pictured brick, the earthenware of house type, the cave painting, the paintings of painters and others. The fundamental spatial conception of it arranges one or more courtyards to compose, sometimes in a very complex way, a general walled compound. The main longitudinal axis is mainly north-south, but the chief buildings, or halls are always placed transversely to it. These rectangular buildings mayor may not connect, by means of open galleries variously planned, with rows of smaller buildings flanking the courtyards on both sides. On this system, enlargement is never carried out by adding to height, but by continual duplication of existing units, and growth in breadth or preferably depth. The need for family security is thought to have led to the development of this rectangular houses with walls mainly blank on the outside, defensible entrances, and public service facilities in the center of the houses.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2011

Until now, several comparative approaches were developed within the studies of Korean, Chinese, and Japanese traditional housings. In those studies, however, each space in the traditional houses was only treated in individual and fragmentary manners, and they lacked the interpretation of the topological attribute of each space within a holistic structure organized by unit spaces, and of the cultural-behavioral meaning of them within a holistic space-use pattern of the housing. The topological attribute and behavioral meaning can be analyzed and interpreted with the quantitative spatial analysis method such as Space Syntax. This study aims to analyze the traditional housings in Korea, China and Japan in the holistic aspect of spatial structure using Space Syntax, and to compare the analysis results with relating the structural attributes to the space-use pattern. In this study, the 'Banga' in Chosun era, the 'Siheyuan' in Ming-Ching era, and the 'Shoinzukuri' in Edo era were selected as the analysis subjects. The integration indices were calculated from the convex maps representing the subjects, and the common and different attributes of the three subjects were defined through comparative analyses.