• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 1984

A Korean local maize line, MET, which has multi-ears and tillers has been proved as a potential source for silage production. However, no fundamental genetic nature for the line has been investigated. Therefore, this study was done to find genetic information on the multi-earing and -tillering habits of MET line. MET line and a hybrid. (Mo 17 ${\times}$ B68), with monoculm and single ear per plant were used for production of F$_1$(F$\_$1-12/ and F$\_$1-21/), F$\_$2-12/, F$\_$2-21/, BC$\_$1-12/ and BC$\_$1-21/ generations. From the comparison of reciprocal crosses, it was found that the tillering and earing habits of the MET line are controlled by cytoplasmic factors. The tiller and ear numbers, and barren ears were all characters associated with the MET cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic effect of MET on tiller and ear numb en was not evident in F$_1$ generation, probably because of suppressing effect of heterosis on appearance of tillers or ears. Genetic parameters for the gene action for both tiller and ear number also indicated a lack of mono- or digenic-chromosomal gene effects. The heritability (broad) was very low for both characters. Therefore, it is strongly concluded that the tillering and earing characters of MET line are due to cytoplasmic reasons.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2011

In this study, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region of Korean native chicken to clarify their phylogenetic relationships, possible maternal origin and routes of introduction into Korea. A 1231-1232 bp DNA fragment from the mtDNA D-loop region was sequenced in 315 chickens from 11 populations, Thirty-five variable sites that defined 21 haplotyes were observed. In Korean native chicken, diversity accounted for 90% of the variation, little differentiation among the strains. The 21 haplotypes clustered into 5 clades which were A, B, C, D and E. These results indicate that Korean chickens were derived from China with multiple origins.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2012

The goal of this study was to verify the phylogenetic status of the Korean native goats (KNG). We determined the complete sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in 48 goats among four populations. We also analyzed genetic variability within goats, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed by comparison with other country's goats. Three nucleotide substitutions were detected, and two of these were missense mutations that occurred due to a substitution of amino acid. Four haplotypes were defined from KNG. Three of these haplotypes were only found in the Chinese goat. However, the other haplotype was KNG-specific. In the phylogenetic analysis, four clades (A~D) were classified among domestic goats, and the KNG was classified into clade 1 that estimated as lineage A based on the D-loop sequence. Each haplotype from the KNG was clustered closely with that of the Chinese goat. The results of haplotype distribution and phylogenetic location suggest that strong gene flow occurred from China to the Korean Peninsula.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.618-626
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• 2010

Matroclinal inheritance of morphological characters in interspecific crosses of Rosa spp. can be influenced by cytoplasmic inheritance, apomixis, and asynaptic heterogamy. In asynaptic heterogamy, which is often observed from interspecific crosses of Rosa sect. $Caninae$, the polyploidy of the seed parent (especially for 5x=35) is recovered in the progeny through the pollens that include only a set of bivalents (x=7) and egg cells that contain a set of bivalents (x=7) and other univalents (3x=21). In this study, we investigated the causes of matroclinal offsprings observed from reciprocal crosses of tetraploid cut rose cultivars ($Rosa$ $hybrida$ L.) by analyzing EST-SSR marker distribution in the progeny populations. From EST-SSR marker analysis of eight offsprings per six reciprocal crosses among six cultivars, cases of cytoplasmic inheritance were not observed. Apomixis was also very rare as compared to the reports on interspecific crosses of sect. $Caninae$; only one apomitic plant was identified from the cross 'Redtem' ${\times}$ 'Red Sandra'. Although a clear-cut pattern of asynaptic heterogamy was not found, cultivar-specific marker transmission skewed to seed parent in four cultivars implied that genetic inheritance can be highly influenced by the seed parent depending on crosses among cut rose cultivars; especially, 10 out of 11 alleles specific to 'Yellow King' distributed in progenies at higher ratios when the cultivars were crossed as the seed parent.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

Cross and reciprocal hybrids from intrageneric crosses between Rhodeus uyekii and R. notatus were analyzed morphometrically using truss and classical dimensions, erythrocyte size using blood smears, and cytogenetically using flowcytometry, then compared with the parental species. Although the morphometric assessment based on body proportions indicated that the hybrids were generally intermediate between the maternal and paternal species, the morphometric characters of cross and reciprocal hybrids included at least 14 paternal-like and 7 maternal-like, and 13 paternal-like and 5 maternal-like characters, respectively (P<0.05). The pigmentation of the hybrids was intermediate in some respects, and resembled that of the parental species. The DNA content of the cross and reciprocal hybrids, based on flow cytometry analysis, was significantly different from the parental species. The characterization of morphometric traits and the cytogenetic analysis of hybrids of R. uyekii and R. notatus used in this study may be useful for distinguishing genotypes in commercial Acheilognathinae aquaculture.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 1985

More than 1,000 chickens of Korean native Yeonsan Ogolgye (Natural Monument No. 256) were used in this study in order to investigate their various external characteristics. The aims of this study were to define the Ogolgye chicken as a breed, and to provide basal data necessary for the genetic improvement of this breed. The investigated items are as follows : color of feather and toe; presense or absence of shank feather; the number of toes: color of shank and comb; the growth rates of shank, comb and feathers in various feather tracts; and finally, the livability. Data and informations were presented in tabular form in table 1 through 12. In summary, the various external traits of the Korean native Ogolgye breed can be characterized as follows. It has normal feather than silkic one as in the western type, with black color per-dominant. The frquency of white feather color is very low. The color of toes is devided into two categories; black toes in black plumage lines, and white toes in white plumage lines. Both seres have single combs with black color. The shank is gray- black and featherless. The breed has normally four toes. The eye color is black.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.626-632
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• 2014

The genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship were investigated in Korean red spotted grouper populations using the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The COI gene was sequenced showed 99.1-99.8% identity with the EF607565 sequence previously reported. A total of twenty haplotypes were found, and the Korean population showed nineteen haplotypes. Among those, Hap_03 and Hap_08 showed Jeju-do and China-specific COI sequences, respectively. However, Hap_07 had twelve COI sequences from South Korea and records from Hong Kong and Taiwan. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees constructed from the phylogenetic analyses based on the polymorphisms of the COI haplotypes showed a monophyletic branching pattern within the genus Epinephelus. This indicated that the red spotted grouper populations had evolved from common maternal ancestors. In addition, the Hap_08, which had the COI sequence recorded only from China Sea, was found in the middle of the NJ tree nearby Hap_07 and showed a close relationship with Hap_07. This indicates that Chinese red spotted grouper is also maternally related to other populations in East Asia. Consequently, East Asian red spotted grouper populations are maternally related, as well as sharing the same evolutionary history, and are still affected by the East Asian ocean current (Kuroshio). These findings help to explain the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of red spotted grouper and also contribute to research on artificial breeding and industrialization.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2012

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one of the most important pest species devastating many horticultural and ornamental crops and fruit trees. Difficulty in managing this mite is largely attributed to its ability to develop resistance to many important acaricides. Development of 3,700-folds resistance to etoxazole was found in the population of T. urticae collected from rose greenhouses in Buyeo, Chungnam Province in August 2000. This population has been selected for eleven years with etoxazole (over 500 times), and increased over 5,000,000-folds in resistance as compared with susceptible strain. Also, etoxazole-resistant strain was shown to be maternally inherited. The objective of this study was to determine whether resistance of T. urticae to etoxazole was linked with point mutations in the mitochondrial gene. DNA sequencing of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX1), COX2, COX3, cytochrome b (CYTB), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1), ND2, ND3, ND4, ND5, and ND6 were analyzed by comparing two etoxazole-susceptible and etoxazole-resistant strains. As a result, differences were not detected between the nucleotide sequences of two strains within a mitochondrial gene.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.287-290
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• 2009

A natural hybrid between the striped spine loach Cobitis tetralineata and the king spine loach Iksookimia longicorpa was genetically identified by sequence analyses of nuclear recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) genes. Out of 850 base positions of RAG1, a total of 23 nucleotide substitutions were detected between the two parental species, whereas the electropherogram of the natural hybrid displayed double peaks at all of the 23 positions, which reflects their simple Mendelian inheritance pattern. Meanwhile, comparison of partial sequences of mitochondrial genes (COI in this study), which are well characterized by the maternal inheritance pattern, revealed that the maternal species of the hybrid was C. tetralineata because of their 100% sequence identity.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1994

한국산 담수 또아리물달팽이과(Planorbidae)에 속하는 또아리물달팽이(Gyraulus convexiusculus),수정또아리물달팽이(Hippeutis cantori) 및 배꼽또아리물달팽이(Segmentina hemisphaerula)3종에 대한 종간 유전적 변이와 이들 상호간의 분류학적 유연 관계를 생화학적 측면에서 밝히고자 하였다. 즉, 모계유전으로 자손에 유전되고 있는 미토콘드리아 DNA(mitochondrial DNA; mt DNA)의 변이를 보기위하여 제한효소(restriction enzyme)를 처리하고 잘라진 mtDNA절편들을 상호 비교하는 restriction fragmint length polymorphism(RFLP)기법을 응용하였다. 본 실험에서 10개의 제한효소 중 CIa I, Dra I, Eco RI, Hin dIII, Kpn I및 pst I의 6개 제한효소에서 좋은 결과를 얻어 종간의 공통절편(shated fragmints)을 비교하였고, 염기분화율(nucleotide divergince rate)을 각각 측정하였다. 미토콘드리아 DNA 크기(genome size)는 또아리물달팽이가 12.08 kb, 수정또아리물달팽이가 14.4 kb, 그리고 배꼽또아리물달팽이가 12.93 kb로 관찰되었다. 염기분화율(p)는 또아리물달팽이/수정또아리물달팽이 군에서 p=12.7%, 배꼽또아리물달팽이와 상기 2종군 사이의 염기분화율은 P=56.6%여서 배꼽 또아리물달팽이류는 타 2종보다 그 분화율이 매우 높음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 분류군(taxa)의 mtDNA 변이에 의한 RELP기법이 앞으로 한국산 담수 패류 연구에 널리 응용될 수 있음이 확인되었다.