• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1990.10a
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• pp.157-162
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• 1990

기계의 정밀도 향상을 위하여는 기계에 대한 보다 정확한 해석을 요구한다. 그러나 실제 기계 시스템은 마찰, Backlash, Saturation등과 같은 비서형 특 성을 가지고 있어 시스템의 해석 및 제어가 어렵게 된다. 특히, 축, 링크, 기 어, 풀리, 베어링등의 기계요소에서는 마찰로 인해 정밀도가 크게 덜어지고 있어, 마찰에 의한 동특성 및 제어는 많은 연구자들에 의해 관심의 대상이 되어 왔다. 마찰력을 고려한 기계시스템의 운동은 정지상태 근처에서 마찰력 의 변화가 심한 비선형 동특성을 보이고 있어 그 해석에 어려움을 겪고 있 다. 실제 마찰이 저속에서 고급 비선형임에도 불구하고 가장 널리 사용되는 형태의 모델로서 쿨통 마찰을 고려한 운동방정식 조차 비선형성으로 인하여 해석에 어려움이 따르고 있다. 마찰은 오랜동안 연구되어 오면서 Fig.1, Fig2 와 같이 등가선형점성 감쇠, 쿨통마찰, 정적마찰로 모델화되거나 이들의 조 합으로 나타내었다[1-5]. 마찰력은 시간영역에서도 연구되어 Walrath[7]는 Fig.3-a의 속도가 역전되는 지점에서 마찰토오크가 .+-.Tf를 공유하는 문제 를 고려하기 위해, Fig.3-b와 같이 동적마찰모델을 사용하였다. 최근의 연구 로서 Armstrong[7]은 마찰의 위치의존성을 고려한 정확한 마찰모델을 설정 하여 개루프제어에 적용, 좋은 제어특성을 확인하였고, Canudas[8]는 저속영 역에서 overcompensation시 limit cycle과 gain의 관계를 해석하였다.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 비선형 마찰이 존재하는 조준경 안정화 시스템에 대해서 마찰력 보상과 성능개선을 위한 신경망제어기의 설계방법을 제시한다. 제안한 신경망제어기는 비례, 적분, 진상(PI/LEAD) 제어기와 신경회로망과의 병렬로 구성되며, 제어 목적은 비선형 마찰과 외란이 존재하여도 안정거울의 각속도 추적성능과 안정화 성능의 향상에 있다. 신경회로망의 입력으로 안정거울의 각속도 추적오차와 추적오차의 적분, 제어입력이 필터를 통과한 신호가 사용되며, 신경호로망은 간접학습구조에 의해 학습된다. 조준경 시스템의 비선형 마찰력인 쿨롱마찰력의 크기가 외부환경에 따라 변하는 경우와 시스템으로 외란이 인가되는 경우에 대하여도 제안한 병렬제어기는 기존의 PI/LEAD 제어기보다 추적과 안정화 성능면에서 우수함을 컴퓨터 모의 실험으로 확인한다.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.157-162
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• 2005

This paper presents an adaptive compensator using the fuzzy systems for robot manipulator with unknown frictions. In general, frictions are neglected or dynamic frictions are only considered in robot control theories. The proposed control method considers viscous frictions as well as dynamic frictions. Using the property that the frictions of joints are decoupled, SISO-fuzzy systems are utilized to approximate each friction. The stability of overall control system is proven and the adaptive laws are derived based on Lyapunov stability theorey. To verify the validity of the proposed control strategy, the results of computer simulations are shown for 2-link robot manipulator. The ability of approximating of the fuzzy system is also shown.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07d
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• pp.2278-2280
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• 2004

이 논문은 이동식 수레형 도립진자 제어에 있어서 비선형적인 특성을 발생시키는 원인중의 하나인 마찰력을 보상하는 방법에 대하여 고찰한다. 여기에 사용된 방법은 모터에 전압을 인가하였을 때의 이동식 수레형 도립진자의 위치와 속도에 대한 데이터를 가지고, 가우시안 반복을 적용한 비선형 최소 자승법을 이용하여 마찰력을 추정하고, 모델링을 하여, 모델링 된 파라미터를 이용하여 비선형적인 특성을 최소화하는 것이다. 이 논문의 주된 결과는 수학적으로 모델링 한 마찰력이 실제의 마찰력과 유사하며, 이 마찰력을 보상함으로서, 이동식 수레형 도립진자의 제어 성능이 향상되었음을 보여준다. 따라서 이 결과는 기존의 마찰력을 무시하고, 이동식 수레형 도립진자를 제어하였을 때보다 마찰력을 보상하였을 때가 더욱 안정된 시스템이 됨을 실험적으로 확인한다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.1 s.117
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• pp.55-64
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• 2007

In general mechanical servo systems, friction deteriorates the performance of controllers by its nonlinear characteristics. Especially, friction phenomenon causes steady-state tracking errors and limit cycles in position and velocity control systems, even though gains of controllers are tuned well in linear system model. Even if sensor is used higher accuracy level, it is difficult to improve tracking performance of the position to the same level with a general control method such as PID type. Therefore, many friction models were proposed and compensation methods have been researched actively. In this paper, we consider that the variation of mover's mass is various by loading and unloading. The normal force variation occurs by it and other parameters. Therefore, the proposed control system is composed of main position controller and a friction compensator. A parameter estimator for a nonlinear friction model is designed by adaptive control law and adaptive backstepping control method.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.612-619
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• 2004

Servo motor systems with ball-screw and timing-belt are widely used in NC, robot, FA and industrial applications. However, the nonlinear friction torque and damping effect in machine elements reduce the control performance. Especially tracking errors in trajectory control and very low velocity control range are serious due to the break-away friction and Stribeck effects. In this paper, a new double speed controller is proposed for compensation of the nonlinear friction torque. The proposed double speed controller has outer speed controller and inner friction torque compensator. The proposed friction torque compensator compensates the nonlinear friction torque with actual speed and speed error information. Due to the actual information for friction torque compensator without parameters and mathematical model of motor, proposed compensator is very simple structure and the stability is very high. The proposed compensator is verified by simulation and experimental results.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.202-208
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• 2014

Friction force on robot systems is highly nonlinear and especially disturbs precise control of the robots at low speed. This paper deals with the dynamic friction compensation problem of a well-known one-link benchmark robot system. We consider the LuGre model because the model can successfully represent dynamic characteristics and various effects of friction phenomenon. The proposed controller is constructed as two parts. An adaptive controller based on dual observers is used to estimate and compensate the dynamic friction. In order to attenuate the friction estimation error and other disturbances, PI observer is additionally designed. Through the computer simulations with the benchmark system, this paper first examines the effects of nonlinear dynamic friction on the control performance of the benchmark robot system. Next, it is shown that the control performance against the dynamic friction is improved by using the proposed controller.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.760-766
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• 2010

In this paper, The static friction torque and viscous friction torque including hydraulic motor-load system driven by hydraulic proportional control valve analysis. The basic experimental was performed toward characteristic in pressure and flow rate in hydraulic system energy. The variable of friction torque was experiment on brake pressure variable using pneumatic brake system. The analysis of nonlinear friction and linear friction was perform ed toward friction characteristic of hydraulic system.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.756-762
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• 2009

As nonlinear friction, stick-slip friction in hydraulic actuators are a problem for accuracy and repeatability. Therefore friction compensation has been approached through various control algorithms. A Adaptive discrete time sliding mode tracking controller has been applied in order to compensate the nonlinear friction characteristics in a hydraulic Actuator. Based on the diophantine equation, a new discrete time sliding function is defined and utilized for the control law which includes a friction and modeling error. Robustness is increased by using both a projection algorithm and a sliding function-based nonlinear feedforward. From the results of simulation and experiment good tracking performance is achieved.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2002

Due to the friction characteristics of cylinders and the rail of a passenger car, in the system actuated with hydraulic systems, there exist dead zones, which can not be controlled by a PID controller. In this paper, the friction characteristics of a cylinder is examined, which may cause the abrupt increase of the acceleration in the zero-crossing speed region. To overcome the drawbacks of a PID controlled hydraulic system, a zooming fuzzy logic controller is designed and finally an improved hybrid controller is Proposed. The proposed controller is composed of the PID controller and the zooming fuzzy controller. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is shown by simulation and experimental results, In which the proposed hybrid control method yields good control performance not only in the zero-crossing speed region but also In the overall control region including steady-state region.