• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

This study was to examine whether high school students' academic motivation and learning strategies influence their competence. Of the 600 high school students surveyed from 3 high schools in two metropolitan cities, Korea, 489 completed and returned the questionnaires yielding a total response rate of 81.50%. The final sample consisted of 399 males (81.6%) and 82 females (16.8%). Among the final sample, 113 students were gifted, and 376 students were non-gifted. Their average age was 17.20 years. Measures of students' competence (i.e., cognitive competence, and social competence), academic motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation to know, toward accomplishment, and to experience stimulation, and extrinsic motivation identified, introjected, and external regulation, and amotivation), and learning strategies (i.e., metacognition, self-monitoring, strategy formation) Spearman's rho(${\rho}$) indicated that students' competence was positively associated with intrinsic (i.e., to know, toward accomplishment, to experience stimulation) and extrinsic (i.e., identified, introjected) motivation, and learning strategies. However, students' competence was negatively associated with amotivation. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that intrinsic motivation (i.e., to experience stimulation), extrinsic motivation(i.e., external regulation), and learning strategies (i.e., strategy formation) were the crucial contributors for enhancing students' competence. Results are discussed in relation to theoretical implications and school settings.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.53-90
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• 2009

This study discusses the aspects of Korean-American Sjjo writers' consciousness of sijo and its significance, focusing primarily on the Sijo-Anthologies of Korean-American authors, "The Moon of the Desert" (1989), "The Dandelion of the Desert" (1994), and The Stars of the Desert" (1996) published by the Sijo Society of America. For this purpose, I thoroughly examined "Notes of Writing Sijo' attached to the authors' works and some other sijos added at the end of the paper. They started writing sijos quite early. Sijo has been recognized as a typical traditional genre of literature, and even foreigners came to write them in English. The following is the summary of the view on sijo propounded by Korean-American authors. Firstly, they follow traditional view on the theory of sijo in terms of its nature and utility, and at the same time they emphasize the utility of katharsis through self expressions. Secondly, their recognition of the value of sijo boils down to its formal patterns. Lastly, they develop the idea of national literature through their significance of writing sijos. They think that they can contribute to the development of national literature as well as the expression of patriotism through writing sijos. Therefore, they recognize themselves as spreaders of Korean culture to the local residents, and as the main stream enhancing the status of Korean culture through the competition with other nations.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.759-764
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• 2018

3D porous carbon electrodes (cNPIM), prepared by solution casting of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) followed by nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) and carbonization are presented. In order to effectively control the pore size of 3D porous carbon structures, cNPIM was prepared by varying the THF ratio of mixed solvents. The SEM analysis revealed that cNPIMs have a unique 3D macroporous structure having a gradient pore structure, which is expected to grant a smooth and easy ion transfer capability as an electrode material. In addition, the cNPIMs presented a very large specific surface area ($2,101.1m^2/g$) with a narrow micropore size distribution (0.75 nm). Consequently, the cNPIM exhibits a high specific capacitance (304.8 F/g) and superior rate capability of 77% in an aqueous electrolyte. We believe that our approach can provide a variety of new 3D porous carbon materials for the application to an electrochemical energy storage.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.125-151
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• 1990

This paper reviews the economic liberalization experiences of the Southern Cone countries and draws some lessons from their experiences. The Southern Cone countries-Chile, Argentina and Uruguay-followed the different sequences in liberalization. Chile implemented the fiscal reform and the following comprehensive trade reform in the beginning of liberalization, but capital controls were maintained until 1979. Argentina and Uruguay placed more emphasis on the financial reform with the goods market reformed afterwards, but the fiscal sector was never reformed in Argentina. Since the serious inflation plagued the Southern Cone countries, they combined the economic liberalization scheme with the economic stabilization programmes which are based on the monetarist model. Although economic situations in the Southern Cone countries are quite different from those of Korea, we can learn many lessons from their experiences. First, the monetary and fiscal policies should consist of strict financial discipline to bring in the stable domestic inflation. Without the domestic stabilization, the financial liberalization could disturb the domestic economy as the capital inflows in particular generate a real exchange rate appreciation. Second, the monetary approach which is based on the full purchasing power parity and perfect capital mobility make stabilization as simple as a matter of the appropriate exchange rate policy and the proper rate of domestic credit creation. The unsuccessful experiences with monetarist stabilization in the Southern Cone countries suggest that the monetarist model cannot make real exchange rate and real interest rate stable with the trade and financial reform. Third, both the theory and practice have not yet provided a precise solution on the optimal sequencing and speed of the goods and financial market. Nonetheless, it seems desirable to keep the real exchange rate and the real interest rate stable by gradually opening up the current account and then the capital account.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2014

Trichoplusia ni cells are used as a host permissive cell line in the baculovirus expression system, which is useful for large-scale production of human sugar transport proteins. However, the activity of endogenous sugar transport systems in insect cells is extremely high. Therefore, the transport activity resulting from the expression of exogenous transporters is difficult to detect. Furthermore, very little is known about the nature of endogenous insect transporters. To exploit the expression system further, the effect of D-fructose on 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2dGlc) transport by T. ni cells was investigated, and T. ni cell-expressed human transporters were photolabeled with [$^3H$] cytochalasin B to develop a convenient method for measuring the biological activity of insect cell-expressed transporters. The uptake of 1 mM 2dGlc by uninfected- and recombinant AcMPV-GTL infected cells was examined in the presence and absence of 300 mM of D-fructose, with and without $20{\mu}M$ of cytochalasin B. The sugar uptake in the uninfected cells was strongly inhibited by fructose but only poorly inhibited by cytochalasin B. Interestingly, the AcMPV-GTL-infected cells showed an essentially identical pattern of transport inhibition, and the rate of 2dGlc uptake was somewhat less than that seen in the non-infected cells. In addition, a sharply labeled peak was produced only in the AcMPV-GTL-infected membranes labeled with [$^3H$] cytochalasin B in the presence of L-glucose. No peak of labeling was seen in the membranes prepared from the uninfected cells. Furthermore, photolabeling of the expressed protein was completely inhibited by the presence of D-glucose, demonstrating the stereoselectivity of labeling.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.56
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• pp.209-239
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• 2014

Aimed to the aesthetic implication about being a source of Akryul of 'Sungkijiwon' study in this paper. Akyul was kibonyulof HwangjongYul from ancient times. Hwajongyul consists of Yaungyuland Eumyoe, namely 12yul. Sungkijiwon was a role of seedling fundamental to the structure of the Hwangjongyul.Akyul is seen in nature. Nature which is the root of Akyul, it is inherent fully to human So that is the origin of Whangjongyul the source of the sound that the human kee of the fully implicit a world Sungkijiwon. The Sungkijiwon soon 'JeckjajIsong'. JeckjajIsong' is A first Ho, respiration that at birth the human, and the height of the sound is constant sound at this time. This sound is Preserving intact the nature of the human, Seong, Eum. Ack of Ackyul was derived from the expression from a nature of humun. Has a feature that is evident in the degree of Dosu always in the process of being extended to Yaungyul and Eumyoe, is 'original Sungkijiwon. Sungkijiwon comes from Wonkee of Taekuk of Habsanweil. The fundamental Dosu originate from 1. Hwangjong is calculated Kee including 1. 1 of Taekuk 1 of Eum and 1 of Yaung. This is a 3 and 1, the combined Yum-Yaung around Taekuk Similarly, 1 of chun, 1 of gi, 1 of In are three Samjae, And become 1, premier In of chun ji. Yulyoe is generated a 12yul. Yulryo becomes the kijuneum having Habsanweil through the differentiation, and generates the 12yul. Therefore it is possible to know that is based on humanistic a source of neutralizing beauty also original ackyul.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4D
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• pp.585-594
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• 2011

A variety of PPP (Public-Private Partnerships) schemes including BOT, TOT (Transfer-Operate-Transfer), and divestiture has been employed in the Chinese water sector. Although the two latter emerging models have been implemented in their full applications lately, there has been no follow-up for identification of opportunities and challenges inherent in those schemes in relation to the market participation of foreign investor. This study undertakes in-depth analysis on the TOT and divestiture projects in the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) matrix and measures the level of agreement on each SWOT through a survey among the Chinese water market experts. The findings can be used to support foreign investors in managing the weaknesses and threats that, unless properly managed, can be evolved into potential project risks, while fully benefiting from the strengths and opportunities of the two schemes.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.163-181
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• 2012

We investigated how useful video tags were in summarizing video speech and how valuable positional information was for speech summarization. Furthermore, we examined the similarity among sentences selected for a speech summary to reduce its redundancy. Based on such analysis results, we then designed and evaluated a method for automatically summarizing speech transcripts using a modified Maximum Marginal Relevance model. This model did not only reduce redundancy but it also enabled the use of social tags, title words, and sentence positional information. Finally, we compared the proposed method to the Extractor system in which key sentences of a video speech were chosen using the frequency and location information of speech content words. Results showed that the precision and recall rates of the proposed method were higher than those of the Extractor system, although there was no significant difference in the recall rates.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.922-928
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• 2009

In H.264 as the newest video standard, 9 modes are used in order to predict the signal values of a block composed with several pixels by intra prediction. From these process, H.264 can bring high compression ratio in the encoded signal but the use of total 9 modes can give the inefficiency of the increase of the complexity induced by the amount of operation processing or the number of searching which is applied to compare adjacent pixels. This paper proposes a simplification method of prediction mode for the intra-picture coding by considering subjective interest region. There are certain region being interested within a picture of the video sequence. This region requires better subjective picture quality than the other regions. The proposed method increases the simplification of prediction mode by providing just essential modes of total 9 modes for less interest regions compared with the interest region. It is possible to get the additional 11%$\sim$15% simplification of the prediction mode by the proposed method, compared with the conventional method which simplifies the prediction mode for all of the picture by using the prediction characteristics only.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.665-674
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• 2000

In data parallel programs incurring high cache locality, the choice of grain sizes affects cache performance. Though the grain sizes chosen provide fair load balance among processors, the grain sizes that ignore underlying caching effect result in address interferences between grains allocated to a processor. These address interferences appear to have a negative impact on the cache locality, since they result in cache conflict misses. To address this problem, we propose a best grain size driven from a cache size and the number of processors based on direct mapped cache's characteristic. Since the proposed method does not map the grains to the same location in the cache, cache conflict misses are reduced. Simulation results show that the proposed best grain size substantially improves the performance of tested data parallel programs through the reduction of cache misses on direct-mapped caches.