• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3405-3416
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of music rope-skipping on health fitness, blood lipids and growth-related factors in male middle school students. For this purpose, twenty subjects were participated in this study and the participants were 'After School Class' boys in B middle school located in Gimhae City. They divided into exercise group(n=10) and control group(n=10). Exercise group conducted 45minutes per a day, four times a week for 12 weeks. And the control group continued their normal life. The results were as follows; First, in exercise group, lean body mass, muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance and flexibility were all significantly increased after program execution. But %body fat was significantly decreased. In control group, muscular strength, muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance were significantly increased. There were significant differences in lean body mass, %body fat, muscular strength and flexibility between two groups after program execution. Second, in exercise group, HDL-C was significantly increased after program execution. In control group, TG was significantly decreased. But HDL-C was significantly increased. There were no significant differences in all blood lipids(TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C) between two groups after program execution. Third, in exercise group, GH and IGF-I were significantly increased after program execution. In control group, IGF-I was significantly decreased. There were significant differences in IGF-I between two groups after program execution. These results indicate that music rope-skipping is effective to improve lean body mass, muscular strength, flexibility, GH and IGF-I in normal middle school male students.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical development which occurs during the period from puberty to adulthood. Going through this period, various parts of an adolescent's body grow at different rates, leading to different body shapes and proportions when compared to adults. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the body sizes and shapes of junior high school boys from ages 13-15 based on body measurement items that are used as the basis for school uniform designs including jackets, shirts, and pants. For this, the study sought the basic data needed to develop body shapes and school uniform patterns for junior high school boys using the data from the 6th Size Korea Survey (2010). Specifically, it provided basic data for the development of school uniform patterns that fit well through the classification of bodies into particular types. After extracting body shape componen a cluster analysis using ANOVA was performed. According to the factor analysis conducted to determine body shape components, 5 factors were obtained as follows: Factor 1: bulk and horizontal size, Factor 2: body height and length, Factor 3: shoulder shape and length, Factor 4: characteristics of horizontal size, Factor 5: shape of the upper body with a variance of 82.62%. To classify junior high school boys' body shape was determined using various characteristics, and a cluster analysis was performed with the variables obtained by the factor analysis. For this, body shapes were classified into 3 different types: Type 1 accounted for 33.4%, with a total of 463 subjects. This type was a tall, long body individual with the smallest bulk and size. Type 2 accounted for 22.7%, with a total of 315 subjects. This type was large in bulk and horizontal size, but the lowest in height and length. Type 3 accounted for 43.9%, with a total of 610 subjects. This type was close to average in terms of horizontal size, length, and height. To develop well-fitting school uniforms for junior high school students, there should be further studies on changes in body shape and their associated causes. The study results will be available as basic data for comparing branded school uniform patterns for junior high school boys and developing school uniform patterns based on body shape, using 3D virtual clothing simulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.119-130
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to develop a school uniform sizing system with high coverage rate for middle school boys, who are in the stage of rapid growth, by identifying problems in existing school uniform sizing systems through surveys of students and uniform manufacturing companies, and analyzing juveniles' physical sizes. For this purpose. the study conducted a survey about how middle school boys choose their uniform sizes, and what complaints they have on the size of the uniforms. In addition, it was investigated what is the current state of uniform manufacturing and sizing systems through a survey of uniform companies, and the study identified problems in the size of school uniforms by comparing physical sizes of juveniles' aged 14 to 16 with the sizing systems of the companies and KS standards in 1997. Juveniles' physical data was a part of the material of the national anthropometric data in 1997. Using the two-way distribution of juveniles' height-bust girth and height-waist girth, this study established the sizing system by increasing the number of sizes for the short interval where juveniles' physical sizes are densely distributed whereas limiting the number of sizes for the long interval where juveniles' physical sizes are rarely distributed, considering the difference between companies' standard and KS' standard.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2010

Sodium is a major component that maintains homeostasis and physiological state in body. It is an essential mineral that the body cannot produce for itself, so it must be supplied from food. On the other hand, overindulgence is one cause of hypertension, stroke, stomach cancer, osteoporosis and kidney disease. The purpose of this study was to monitor sodium content in meals of school foodservice. In this study, 801 samples (main/side dishes) were collected from 8 school foodservice in Busan and Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Samples were classified into 21 food items, which were cooked rices, cooked rice with seasoning, noodles, cooked gruels, soups, stews, tang and chon-gol, stir-fried foods, fried foods, pan-fried foods, hard-boiled foods, roasted foods, steamed foods, seasoned vegetables, preserved foods, kimchis, sauces, fruits, breads and snacks, beverages, and dairy products. The samples were analyzed by AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry) after microwave digestion. The sodium content of sauces (1459 mg/100 g) and preserved foods (1165 mg/100 g) was higher than those of other dishes. Aside from them, sodium contents of roasted foods (894 mg/100 g), hard-boiled foods (786 mg/100 g) and kimchis (737 mg/100 g) were relatively higher than the others. Sodium intakes from meals of school foodservice were calculated by multiplying food intakes by sodium contents. The average sodium intakes from one serving of school foodservice were 605 mg for younger boys, 572 mg for younger girls, 774 mg for older boys, 730 mg for older girls in elementary school. Boys in middle school took in 1423 mg Na whereas girls consumed 1063 mg Na in middle school. Results from this study can be useful for establishing database of sodium contents and intake in meals of school foodservice. The database will be helpful for providing information on managing food for children.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1534-1539
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• 2010

This study carried out dental checkup targeting 251 students in the 1st grade of S middle school and 220 students in the 1st grade of S high school in Seoul Metropolis. The results are as follows. As for the experience of dental hypersensitivity to oral symptoms in middle-and-high school students, 23.2% of high school students had experience of painful tooth when drinking or eating cold and hot beverage or food, compared to 14.3% of middle school students, and showed significant difference($\chi^2=6.08$, p<.05). As for the experience of painful teeth, 9.1% of high school students had experience of being sore, aching, and painful in the teeth, compared to 4.4% of middle school students, and showed significant difference($\chi^2=4.23$, p<.05). As a result of the oral health behavior in middle-and-high school students, 48.6% of middle school students were indicated to be higher than 26.4% of high school students in the experience of having ever gone to dentist for the past 1 year, and showed statistically significant difference($\chi^2=24.56$, p<.001). As for the period of toothbrushing during one day, 68.5% of middle school students brushed teeth after having breakfast($\chi^2=6.39$, p<.05) more than 57.3% of high school students. After having lunch, 16.8% of high school students brushed teeth more than 7.2% of middle school students, and showed statistically significant difference($\chi^2=10.58$, p<.01). As a result of judging dental checkup in middle-and-high school students, 44.1% of high school students had dental caries($\chi^2=25.36$, p<.001) more than 22.3% of middle school students. 9.6% of middle school students had tooth loss more than 4.1% of high school students, and showed statistically significant difference($\chi^2=5.39$, p<.05).

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.200-210
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• 1998

This study was conducted to find out the actual condition of dining-out and the preferences of restaurant and food according to age groups and sex distinction in Pusan area. The survey was conducted on 564 peoples who live or work, including students aged more than 4th grade in elementary school in Pusan area. The results of the questionnaires are as follows ; The reasons of prefferring restaurant were in order of "delicious taste", "comfortable atmosphere" and "economical price", and of no prefferring restaurant were in order on "untasty", "unsanitary" and "unkind employees". Female and student group were more in the items of unexperinced food than male and older group. The menu of preferring were in order of "sliced raw fish", "pizza", "bulgogi", and of no preferring were in order of "dog soup", "gopchang jengol", "ox tail soup" male and older group showed a relatively highest preference for "traditional food", however, female and younger(student group and young group) showed a relatively highest preference for "fast foods". The reasons of prefferring food were in order of "delicious taste", "something like" and "abundance of nutrition", and of no prefferring food were in order of "untasty", "hatred food" and "doesn't suit constitution". Male and older group showed a relatively highest preference for "abundance of nutrition", however, female and younger showed a relatively highest preference for "foreign food". But, the results of the preferences of restaurant and food were different according to sex distinction and age groups.ot;, however, female and younger showed a relatively highest preference for "foreign food". But, the results of the preferences of restaurant and food were different according to sex distinction and age groups.ge groups.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of sex education using multimedia program on knowledge and attitude about sex. Method: The subjects of this study were 282 middle school boys in seoul. The data were collected from the 4th of Jun. to 30th of Jun. 2001. This program consisted of 6 subtopics and provided 3 sessions for each class. The per-test was given before the therapy to measure variables and the post-test was performed after intervention. The data were analyzed by the SAS program using t-test. Result: The results of this study are as follows. After intervention, the level of knowledge and attitude were increased significantly. Conclusion: The sex education using multimedia program is effective in helping middle school boys improve their healthy attitudes and thoughts toward sex.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.15
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• pp.167-173
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• 2003

본 연구는 수학교사가 수학 교과에 대한 학습 부진 학생의 이해를 위해서 그리고 이들을 위한 적절한 교수-학습 방법의 탐색을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 수학 교과에서 학습 부진을 나타내는 남자 중학생을 대상으로 이들의 부진 요인을 인터뷰와 비디오 관찰을 통하여 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구에 따르면 대표적인 부진 요인은 학습 결손으로 인한 기초학력 부진을 들 수 있으며 학습 방식과 개별 학생의 학습 유형간의 차이로 인한 부진이 있으며 학습의욕의 고취를 위한 동기부여의 결손과 개별 학생의 적극적인 노력의 결여가 부진을 초래하게 되었다고 보인다. 이들 수학 부진 학생들을 지도할 때는 학생 개개인의 부진의 특성을 정확히 파악하고 많은 격려와 칭찬을 통하여 수학에 대한 자신감을 고취시킬 수 있는 수업이 고려되어야 하며 더 많은 수학 부진 학생들 개개인의 자료의 수집과 분석을 바탕으로 부진아 개개인에 적절한 프로그램이 개발되어 현장에서 적용하였을 때 어떤 효과를 가져오는지에 대한 장기적인 후속 연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.455-464
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the status of dietary behavior and its association with study-related factors in middle school students. Methods: Study-related factors, dietary habit score and dietary behaviors were surveyed by questionnaire and then analyzed. A total of 580 students in some middle schools in Gyeonggi-do participated in this study. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS for windows Ver. 22.0. Results: 71.3% of the subjects slept for 6 ~ 8 hours, and the studying time outside of school was the highest (2 ~ 4 hours). The highest score for stress from studying by private lessons or academies was 'seldom stressed', with higher stress being observed in male students than female students. The average dietary habit score was 3.69 in male students and 3.62 in female students. The highest average time for meal eating was 10 ~ 20 minutes, with shorter times being observed for male students than female students. Eating meals was regular in most students and the highest number of snack eating was 1 ~ 2 times a day. For dietary behaviors by study-related factors, students with more than 2 hours of studying time outside of school showed higher dietary habit scores than those with less than 2 hours, who showed significantly higher rates of eating 2 meals a day. As the sleeping hours and daily average studying hours increased, the rate of regular meal eating increased significantly. Conclusion: The students showed good, above average dietary behaviors, but gender differences in study-related factors and dietary behaviors. Moreover, the sleeping hours and the studying time outside of school were correlated with dietary habit scores and dietary behaviors. Thus, continuous and systematic education for proper dietary behavior is needed along with greater interest in students with problems of study-related factors, particularly those due to study burden.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.79-86
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• 2005

Educational objectives are the most important items because not only they must be decided first in the circulation process of curriculum but also they should be the basis for the process of curriculum. The establishment of objectives is very important because it can determine success or failure of computer education. In this paper, questionnaire research is conducted and analyzed for male students of middle schools in Chungbuk province, Korea to determine that it's reasonable for computer games to be perceived negatively. The results of the research are as follows. 48% of them are represented to play computer game almost everyday, and 8% to play it scarcely. So most of students are enjoying it regardless of their grade. If students whose grades are ranked upper level start playing games, they're tend to quit it within 1 or 2 hours. And they enjoy role-playing or simulation game. In general, they do not play action games. If their grades are ranked lower level start playing games, a lot of them continue to play longer than 3 hours like game addict. And in this level, there exist students who barely play games. In middle level, there are no apparent characteristics. According to the result of the research, there is no correlation between frequency of playing games and academic achievements. So it's no problem to relieve worries if one often play computer games, his or her grade will get down. In case that the grades of students are ranked upper level, however, there are few who continue to play games longer than 3 hours.