• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2022

Cellobiose is a dissacharide constituted by two glucose units joined by a β-('1,4') glycosidic bond that is produced by the decomposition of cellulose. This product exists naturally in plants and has been utilized in different industries as a food sweetener, and as a cosmetic and pharmaceutical material. In this study, the potential of cellobiose as a whitening cosmetic product was evaluated by analyzing autophagy induction and the inhibition of melanin production. A cytotoxicity test conducted in the human melanin-producing cell line MNT-1 with increasing concentrations of cellobiose revealed that this compound did not cause cytotoxicity at 20 mg/mL or less. Based on this, autophagy was firstly evaluated by immunostaining with the autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) after treatment with 20 mg/mL of cellobiose. The subsequent confocal microscopy analysis revealed an increase in LC3 puncta, indicating induction of autophagy. In addition, autophagy was further confirmed by western blot analysis, which demonstrated that cellobiose converted LC3-I to LC3- ∏ in a concentration- and time-dependent manners. An analysis of melanin contents after cellobiose treatment at a concentration of 20 mg/mL during 7 days revealed that melanin production was reduced by more than 50%. Additionally, the expression levels of melanogenesis-related proteins TYR and TYRP1 were markedly decreased after cellobiose treatment. Based on these studies, a cosmetic cream formulation containing cellobiose was prepared and the change in formulation was tested for 4 weeks, and it was confirmed that the appearance changed to liquid form at high temperature, but the pH did not change. In conclusion, the present research demonstrated that cellobiose activates autophagy and inhibits melanin production, and showed the potential of this product as a material for whitening cosmetics.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2020

In this study, we tried to reproduce some of the cosmetics from the Joseon period based on the previous analysis of the cosmetics excavated from the tomb of Princess Hwahyup. The two cosmetic powders, the white powder consisting of lead(II) carbonate and talc and the cinnabar-based red powder, were reproduced according to the records from the 6th to the 19th centuries. We also studied the degradation profiles of these reproduced samples by comparison of XRD patterns. Basic lead carbonate of the reproduced white powder turned into lead(II) carbonate, while the reproduced red powder showed different crystalline structure from the excavated cosmetics even after the degradation. Results of the evaluation tests showed that these reproduced cosmetics fell short of the standards set for the modern-day cosmetics, but based on their mixing ratio, the spreadability and oil absorption capacity of some samples of the reproduced white powder were found to be similar to those of the modern cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

In this study, Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. bulb extracts were extracted by purified water and ethanol, and their antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were measured to see the possibility as a cosmetic material. The yield of the extracts was 1.8% to 6.0%, and the yield decreased as the ethanol concentration increased. DPPH free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity was high at 91.97% at 625 ㎍/mL of 70% ethanol extract. The total phenol content was also measured at 447 mg/g, higher than other extraction methods. The whitening effect was confirmed through in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity. As the ethanol concentration of the extracts increased, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity increased, and 70% and 94.5% ethanol extracts showed high inhibitory activity. Therefore, the Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. bulb extracts confirmed its potential as a cosmetic material through antioxidant and whitening effects.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.218-222
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• 2002

Lycii Cordex Radicis extract (gigolpi) examined through SOS Chromotest showed a strong, dose-dependent antimutagenic effect on the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) induced mutagenecity. Gigolpi revealed considerable superoxide anion radical scavenging activity under L-ascorbic $acid-CuSO_4$ system, but showed lower hydroxyl radical scavenging activity in photochemical test system. Hot-water gigolpi extract delayed protein oxidation, whereas lipid peroxidation of rat skin exposed to UVB radiation was inhibited. The results indicate that gigolpi possessing antioxidant activity against UVB-induced lipid peroxidation could be used as a raw ingredient for manufacturing functional cosmetics

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2015

Dendropanax morbifera Leveille (Araliaceae) is an endemic species growing in the south-western part of South Korea and has been used in folk medicine. However, the effects of Dendropanax morbifera Lev. on skin biology remain to be elucidated. In this study, we isolated 1-tetradecanol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol from the n-hexane fraction of Dendropanax mobifera Lev. and To investigate the whitening effect of the fraction, we tested the inhibition of tyrosinase activity of 1-tetradecanol. The results show that the inhibitory effect of the 1-tetradecanol was higher than water extract and n-hexane fraction. And 1-tetradecanol significantly reduced melanin contents of B16F10 cells compared to more than water extract and n-haxane fraction dose-dependantly without cell cytotoxicitiy (below $100{\mu}g/mL$). We also investigated the skin moisturizing effect using HR-1 hairless mice. The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in the 1-tetradecanol treated group was significantly smaller than that in the other groups. To investigate the effect of the preventing hair loss by ${\beta}$-sitosterol, we observed HR-1 hairless mice through periodic growth feature. The results suggest that hair loss of mice by ${\beta}$-sitosterol was delayed and it's hair density showed the highest. These data provide evidence that Dendropanax morbifera Lev. may be a potent candidate for the improvement of both skin whitening, moisturizing and alopecia from the point of cosmetic industry view.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.249-256
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• 2020

To investigate the natural cosmetic ingredients of Benincasa hispida seed extract on skin care, we measured anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory, and whitening effect. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was increased in a dose-dependent manner. The total phenolic content was higher in methanol extract (22.42±0.002 mgGAE/g) than water extract (9.77±0.002 mgGAE/g). MTT assay was demonstrated that the seed extract did not have a cytotoxic effect in RAW264.7 and B16F10 cell lines. We also examined to find out the inhibitory activity on NO production and secretion of TNF-α cytokine in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. In B16F10 melanoma cells, the seed extract significantly suppressed α-MSH induced melanin synthesis. Furthermore, westernblot analysis revealed that methanol extract dramatically downregulated the expression level of MITF, TRP-1 and TRP-2. Taken together, the B. hispida seed extract posses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin whitening activities, which might provided its functional efficacy in cosmetic materials.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.236-243
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• 2021

In this study, the functional cosmetic activity of hot-water (AW) and methanol(AM) extracts from Apocynum lancifolium Russanov are examined. In the DPPH antioxidant activity test, the AW extract showed the highest inhibition rate of 90.5% (IC50 37.717 ± 8.209 ㎍/mL) and the antioxidative activity of ABTS showed a high activity in the AW extract with an IC50 of 185.244 ± 12.602 ㎍/mL and 96.2%, respectively. In RAW264.7 macrophages, the two extracts significantly suppressed the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, IL-6 production and iNOS expression level. The MTT assay measured by the cell survival rate showed that AW and AM extracts have no toxicity. The astringent activity of the AW extract exhibited the highest astringent activity with 74.336±2.487 mg/mL. Therefore, these results suggest that A. lancifolium extracts have a health promotion potential which can be further developed as food additive, natural products for cosmetic purpose.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.135-143
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• 2022

In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Colpomenia sinuosa extracts were identified. Antioxidant experiments included DPPH, ABTS, nitrite scavenging experiments, and FRAP, polyphenol concentration measurements, flavonoid concentration measurements. DPPH assay results showed an antioxidant function of 2.821 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. ABTS assay results showed an antioxidant function of 3.923 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. nitrite assay results showed an antioxidant function of 17.89 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. In FRAP, 1 mg of the Colpomenia sinuosa extract showed a reduction of 2.062±0.177 ㎍ of ascorbic acid. For polyphenols, 62.85±3.18 mg/g was shown. Flavonoids showed 10.01±0.24 mg/g. In the meantime, cell experiments showed cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory functions. In cytotoxicity experiments, Colpomenia sinuosa extracts showed cytotoxicity of less than 20% and an inflammatory inhibition of 30.93±2.93% at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. These results indicate that Colpomenia sinuosa extract is available as functional cosmetic material.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2014

The aim of the study was to examine the cosmetic and biological activity of Lagerstroemia indica L. and it is possible that can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for application of cosmetic industries. Lagerstroemia indica L. branch was extracted with 70% acetone in water. In the result of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) scavenging radical activity, acetone extract of Lagerstroemia indica L. branch were higher than 73% at the 50 ppm concentration. ABTS radical cation decolorization activity by acetone extract were higher than 78% at the 50 ppm. Both examine of DPPH and ABTS showed high antioxidative activities at the 50 ppm. In the result of nitrite scavenging ability, acetone extract were higher than 63% at the 50 ppm. Collagenase inhibition activity by extract were higher than 85% at the 50 ppm. Extract is showed high collagenase inhibition more than comparison group EGCG at all concentration. These results suggest that Lagerstroemia indica L. has a great potential as a cosmeceutical raw material as well as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory and collagenase inhibition activity.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2013

Carotenoids are fat-soluble red-orange colored pigments found in plants and seafood-derived products, including algae, seaweeds, and fish muscle. In this study, we have demonstrated the molecular mechanism underlying the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of ascidian tunic carotenoids using mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Cell viability was not affected by treatment of carotenoids < 10 ${\mu}g/mL$. This treatment also showed negative inhibition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of carotenoids was 47.2% at 100 mg/mL. It also has a potential reducing power (1.025) comparable with ascorbic acid (1.584). The ascidian tunic carotenoids would make a candidate for the commercially interesting biologically active cosmetic pigments.