• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.31-48
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• 2004

Objective : KagamJwagwiEum(KJE) has been used for the purpose of prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic asthma in Korea. To investigate the biological effect of KJE, the author examined cytotoxicity and inflammatory cytokines secretion with human leukemic mast cell line, HMC-1. Methods: HMC-1 was stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187. KJE by itself had no effect on viability of HMC-l. The effects of KJE on the secretion of tumor necrosis $factor-alpha(TNF-{\alpha})$, interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8 from HMC-1 were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : KJE inhibited PMA plus A23187-induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 secretion. But KJE had no effect IL-8 secretion: KJE had immunoregulatory effects on cytokines, increased secretion of NO and $TNF-{\alpha}$ but did not effect IL-12 secretion when the cells were primed and trigged with $IFN-{\gamma}$ in the peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6 mice. Conclusions : Taken together, these results suggest that KJE inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines in HMC-1 cells and activate macrophages.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1217-1222
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• 2002

This study was aimed to find out Kami-Chungsangboha-tang's effects on allergic asthma using Egg-White Implant(EWI) method model recommended by Siqueira et al. Kami-Chungsangboha-tang has widely been prescribed and used in Oriental Medicine for controlling and curing of the symptoms of Asthma(dyspnea, wheezing, cough, sputum, chest discomfort). The Previous studies have demonstrated that Kami-Chungsangboha-tang had analgesic, sedative, anticonvulsive and antihistamine effects. But it was uncertain whether Kami-Chungsangboha-tang could inhibit the allergic reaction, so alleviate the symptoms of allergic asthma. With such aim, the respiratory patterns and eosinophil infiltration in the tracheal mucosa of rats with experimentally induced allergic asthma (using EWI method) were mainly observed. The results are as follows ; 1. Kami-Chungsangboha-tang decreased the number of malformed respiration with respect to control group (p<0.02). 2. Kami-Chungsangboha-tang decreased the number of eosinophils infiltrated in tracheal mucosa with respect to control group (p<0.05). Depending upon above results, it is considered that Kami-Chungsangboha-tang has the inhibitory effects on the process of allergic asthma and suggested that it could be used in relieving patients of the symptoms caused by allergic asthma.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 2007

Objectives : Nitrogen dioxide $(NO_2)$ has been inconsistently associated with gradual decreases in lung function. Here, we studied the effects of $NO_2$ exposure in asthmatics by examining the association between changes in lung function and concentrations of $NO_2$ which were personally measured. Methods : Peak expiratory flow (PEF) and daily personal exposures to $NO_2$ were recorded on 28 patients with asthma (confirmed by methacholine provocation test) over 4 weeks. We used generalized estimating equations to assess the relationship between personal $NO_2$ exposure and PEF, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, outdoor particulate matter, temperature, humidity, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Results : The personal $NO_2$ exposures were higher than the corresponding ambient levels. The mean personal: ambient ratio for $NO_2$ was 1.48. The personal $NO_2$ exposures were not associated with the morning PEF, evening PEF, or the diurnal PEF variability. However, environmental tobacco smoke was negatively associated with both the morning and evening PEF. Conclusions : Among the asthmatic adults who participated in this study, we found no apparent impact of personal $NO_2$ exposures on the peak expiratory flow.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.616-621
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• 1993

Leiomyoma of the trachea is a very rare tumor, and the tracheal tumor is frequently misdiagnosed and treated as bronchial asthma. We report here a case of leiomyoma of the trachea which was successfully resected. A 40-year-old woman has sufferred from a repeated episode of asthmatic attack for two years. Intensive therapy for asthma had no beneficial effect on her respiratory symptoms, and wheezing and stridor did not disappear. Chest CT and bronchoscopy revealed a pedunculated mass on the trachea just above the carina. Wedge resection of the trachea and right main stem bronchus including the tumor and end-to-end anastomosis was performed. The result of the pathologic examination of the tumor was tracheal leiomyoma. Her postoperative course was uneventful and postoperative bronchoscopic findings showed clear healing of the anastomosis site.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 2010

The causes for airway obstruction include foreign body aspiration, congenital structural abnormalities of the airway, infection, etc. And the potential causes of acute respiratory distress contain many situations, like hyperventilation, vasodepressor syncope, asthma, etc. A major factor that leads to the exacerbation of respiratory disorders is undue stress, either physiologic or psychologic. Psychologic stress in dentistry is the primary factor in the exacerbation of preexisting medical problems. Adequate pretreatment medical and dental evaluation of the prospective patient can often prevent respiratory problems from developing. The dentist can modify patient management to minimize the risk of exacerbating these conditions. When dental anxiety is a major factor, the use of psychosedative procedures and other stress-reduction techniques should also be considered. This is the report of a children case of airway obstruction and respiratory distress owing to sedation complication by use of Chloral hydrate and Ketamine before extraction of the mesiodens in a patient with bronchial asthma and tonsillar hyperplasia. After these situations, the patient was consulted & referred to the department of Pediatrics and Otorhinolaryngology.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.567-572
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the affects on antimicrobial and cytotoxicity of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.,BO). In the paper disc test, antimicrobial activity of BO fractions was increased in proportion to its concentration. Among the various solvent fractions of methanol extract (BOM) of BO, the ethylacetate partition layer (BOMEA) showed the strongest antimicrobial activity We also determined the cytotoxicity and Quinone Reductase induced effect of BO extract and fractions on human cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of BO fractions on HepG2, HeLa and MCF-7 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. The BOMEE and BOMEA showed strong cytotoxic effects on all cancer cell lines we used. The quinone reductase induced effect of BO fractions on HepG2 cells, the hexane partition layer (BOMH) at a dose of 200 $\mu{g}$/ml was 2.88 times more effective compared to the control values of 1.0.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.184-191
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• 2003

Background : Nowadays asthma is considered to be an inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary eosinophilia. Production of cytokines by bronchial epithelial cells may contribution to the local accumulation of inflammatory cells in patients with bronchial asthma. Chungsangboha-tang is the herbal treatment of choice in persistent asthma patients. It has been recognized that cessation of treatment with Chungsangboha-tang evokes a recurrence of symptoms in patients with controlled asthma. This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effect of Chungsangboha-tang. Materials and Methods : The subjects consisted of 24 patients with asthma who had been treated with Chungsangboha-tang for four weeks. Chungsangboha-tang is an herbal decoction which has been used as the traditional therapeutic agent for asthma. PFT, QLQAKA, blood eosinophils, serum IgE, Serum IL-4, IL-5, $IFN-{\gamma}$ were checked before treatment, before withdrawal and 3 months after cessation of treatment with Chungsangboha-tang. Results : Treatment with Chungsangboha-tang for four weeks resulted in significant increase in FEV1.0%, PEFR%, and QLQAKA. The patients were treated with Chungsangboha-tang for four weeks with no significant difference in the blood eosinophils, serum IgE, IL-4 and IL-5. The serum $IFN-{\gamma}$ in asthmatic patients decreased significantly after 4 weeks of treatment. Discontinuation of treatment with Chungsangboha-tang resulted in significant drops in QLQAKA. Others measures in asthmatic patients 3 months after discontinuation of treatment with Chungsangboha-tang showed no significant difference. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that asthma can be exacerbated by discontinuation of treatment with Chungsangboha-tang in patients with asthma. Obviously further research concerning this is still necessary.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.258-264
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• 2001

A 26-year-old man with a one-year history of asthma and sinusitis presented with bilateral pleural effusions, patch basilar infiltrates on a chest x-ray and a pericardial effusion on an echocardiogram. The peripheral blood showed marked eosinophilia. An obstructive pattern was also observed during the pulmonary fuction test, which was responsive to bronchodilator inhalation. Nerve conduction studies showed right sural neuropathy. Thoracentesis yielded an acidotic exudative effusion with low glucose, low $C_3$ and eosinophilia. An open lung biopsy revealed an eosinophilic interstitial pneumonitis associated with a necrotizing eosinophilic vasculitis, and granulomatous inflammation foci. In the literature, pleural effusions were reported in 29 percent of Churg-Strauss patients, but the number of effusions was low and their characteristics have not been well described. This report describes the characteristic findings of pleural fluid and its histologic features in a case of classical Churg-Strauss syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.886-891
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• 2015

Recently, The World Health Organization announced that harms human health because of air pollution that are emerging as threats to human health worldwide. according to the, Seoul, 2011 According to a July 2014 - Public Facilities indoor air quality measurements, were examined to be in violation of indoor air pollution standards in most multi-use facility. Indoor air pollution resulting from this is present in the paper, and cause disease, such as pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchitis and to In this connection, the measurement of indoor air quality by using the environment sensor, analyzing the measured data to generate an actuator signal required for ventilation and improve indoor air quality by implementing a monitoring system with real-time measurement, autonomously managing the air quality in our lives so that it can be.

• Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.284-289
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• 2018

Purpose: Vitamin D plays an important role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. It is associated with various diseases such as cardiovascular, immune, allergic and infectious disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in clinical manifestations according to the concentration of vitamin D in mild bronchiolitis. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of medical records of patients with mild bronchiolitis from November 2016 to April 2017 in Daegu Fatima Hospital. Mild bronchiolitis was classified by the modified Tal's score method. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to a 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 20 ng/mL. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and laboratory data from the 2 groups. Results: Of the 64 patients, 19 were included in the deficiency group and 45 in the normal group. Vitamin D levels were $11.7{\pm}4.9ng/mL$ in the deficiency group and $28.8{\pm}5.0ng/mL$ in the normal group. There were no differences in clinical features between both groups. However, the vitamin D deficiency group had significantly longer hospitalization than the normal group ($6.78{\pm}2.74$ days vs. $5.3{\pm}1.7$ days, P=0.045). In the deficiency group, the incidence of previous respiratory diseases was significantly higher (P=0.001). No significant difference in blood and respiratory virus tests was observed. Conclusion: Low vitamin D levels in mild bronchiolitis were associated with longer hospitalization and prior respiratory disease. Vitamin D may affect the course of mild bronchiolitis.