• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.212-221
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were to examine the characteristics of teacher help in small group Thinking Science(TS) activities and analyze the way students respond to teacher help. For this study, twenty-four 5th grade and twenty-four 7th grade students were selected, to undertake TS activities. Out of the 8 activities students participated in, the verbal interactions in activity 4 and 6, by students in four small groups, which incorporated relatively active argumentation was analyzed. Students' cognitive level was identified through a science reasoning task and the students were grouped heterogeneously according to their cognitive level. This study showed that teachers predominately used simple confirmation questions in preference to metacognitive question. Also, teacher help varied according to one's personal traits, work experience and degree of activity recognition. It was discovered that when the teacher provided student appropriate metacognitive questions and sufficient feedback, students actively engaged in argumentation. On the other hand, when the teacher asked simple confirmation questions and interfered in the activity, students did not participate in argumentation actively.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.29-49
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• 2014

This study focused on how early childhood in-service teachers and pre-service teachers understood the concept of Forest Education. By applying the analysis of conceptual maps, introduced by Novak and Gowin's (1983, 1984), this study examined the number of upper category and subcategories, characteristics, hierarchy, and density of teachers' knowledge of Forest Education. 39 early childhood teachers and 60 pre-service teachers participated in this study. First, in-service teachers put 'nature(forest)' and 'living creatures' in the highest level of knowledge of Forest Education. On the other hands, pre-service teachers put 'the effect of Forest Education' and 'program' as well as 'nature(forest)' in the highest level of knowledge. In-service teachers seemed to construct their knowledge by understanding Forest Education as curriculum or activities such as math, language, music or multicultural education. Therefore they had a tendency to talk more about specific concepts including four seasons, insects, air, or climate change. However, pre-service teachers described 'the interconnectedness between human and nature', 'deep relationship with nature' and 'provision of nature.' This tendency might relate to their prior educational experiences of Eco-centered Early Childhood Education. With regards to the density and hierarchy of knowledge on Forest Education, both groups revealed the relatively low degree of density with average of around 2.00. This result can be interpreted that both groups of teachers might not have strong hierarchical and organizational knowledge of Forest Education. For the teacher education, philosophical background and practical knowledge of Forest Education should be included more.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.92-110
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to provide necessary information to understand characteristics of vocational high school students and to enhance academic engagement through social support of teachers, leading to help research of teaching and learning strategy. A survey was conducted on 990 engineering major students attending 11 vocational high schools in Seoul metropolitan, Chungcheong, Jeolla, Kyeongsang and Kangwon regions. A questionnaire consists of measurement tools for the academic engagement (21 questions) and the social support of teachers (25 questions). The findings of this study are as follows: First, it is found that the level of students' academic engagement was high. But it appears that the students showed low engagement of emotion compared with that of behavior and cognition. There was no level difference according to gender, but there was a considerable difference according to a school year. The first year students' level of engagement was higher than the second and the third year students' in terms of cognition and emotion. Second, it shows that the level of the teachers' social support was normal, which was in the order of appraisal support, instrumental support, informational support, and emotional support. Especially, the level of appraisal support and instrumental support was most. Third, there were correlation and explanation between students' academic engagement and teachers' social support. Moreover, the result that teachers' emotional support has high correlation and explanation in qualitative terms of academic engagement support the importance. Therefore, it is concluded that the social support of teachers can make an positive influence on improving the academic engagement of students and provide students with adaptability and satisfaction with their school life, which may give students a positive effect in emotional development, self-formation, and complement.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.865-884
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to analyze the characteristics of teachers' questionings in the geometry field and suggest the characteristics of teacher questioning to enhance students' mathematical creativity. Teacher questioning plays a role to students' mathematical achievements, mathematical thinking, and their attitudes toward mathematics. However, there has been little research on the roles of teacher questioning on students' mathematical creativity. In this research, researchers analyzed teachers' questions concerning the concepts of triangles in the geometric areas of 4th grade Korean revised 2007 mathematics textbooks. We also analyzed teachers' questionings in the three lessons provided by the Jeju Educational Internet Broadcasting System. We classified and analyzed teachers' questionings by the sub-factors of creativity. The results showed that the teachers did not use the questionings that appropriately enhances students' mathematical creativity. We suggested that teachers need to be prepared to ask questions such as stimulating students' various mathematical thinking, encouraging many possible responses, and not responding with yes/no. Instead, teachers need to encourage students to explain the reasons of their responses and to take part in learning activities with interest.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.754-770
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• 2022

For teachers, noticing refers to paying attention to something, indicating they interpret it and how they are willing to react to it in the context of their own instruction. Analysis of noticing features enables us to understand the overall characteristics of the teacher's lesson design, practice, and reflection, which are core agents in the educational design and implementation. This can also be taken to be the basis of education design for competency reinforcement for teachers. Therefore, in this study, the characteristics of noticing shown in teachers' reflections after class design and demonstration were identified. For this purpose, the self-reflection journals of 106 elementary pre-service teachers enrolled in the College of Education in Gangwon-do were analyzed. In particular, the journals were gathered that were written after the demonstration dealing with the change of gas volume by temperature in science class. After designing a noticing analysis frame consisting of the five dimensions 'agent', 'stage', 'topic', 'focus', and 'stance', the frequency and ratio of noticing by each dimension's components were derived. The frequency and ratio of noticing for the dimension of 'focus' were analyzed for the dimensions of 'stage' and 'topic'. The results of the study were as follows. For the dimension of 'agent', the frequency of teacher and student was the highest, and for the dimension of 'stage', inquiry activity was the highest. For the 'topic' dimension, class design according to the teaching strategy appeared most frequently, and in the 'focus' dimension, the cases that did not specify the goal of the class and the competencies to be achieved by the students appeared most frequently. In the 'stance' dimension, description showed the highest frequency. From the analysis of how the 'focus' changes according to the 'stage' and 'topic', it was found that a characteristic focus appeared for each component of the dimension. From these results, the implications of the noticing characteristics of pre-service teachers for the design and implementation of teacher education were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2009

This study intended to examine the effects of each factor on teacher efficacy. A questionnaire survey was administered on 225 home economics teachers in middle school in Gyeonggi-do, and a total of 194 copies of the questionnaire excluding poorly filled-out 31 copies were used for the final analysis. A questionnaire in a self-administering design was used to collect data on individual characteristics, teacher efficacy, self-esteem, development of expertise, and educational environment of school perceived by the middle school home economics teachers. The findings of this study are summarized as follows; First, there were significant differences in teacher efficacy according to age, education and service years. Second, significant differences were found in teacher efficacy according to self-esteem, development of expertise and educational environment of school. That is, the more positive self-esteem, development of expertise, participation of parents, characteristics of students and other teachers, and teachers' perception about teaching-learning aids were, the higher home economics teachers' efficacy became. Third, the study revealed that teacher efficacy was influenced by development of expertise, educational environment of school and self-esteem. Considering these results, positive self-esteem of teachers, practical teacher training, expansion of self-development training opportunity, aids from educational authorities in terms of money and time are needed to improve teacher efficacy of home economics teachers. Efforts should be made to help teachers have positive attitudes toward parents, students, and other teachers.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.123-140
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• 2016

This study searched the perception of observational evaluation system in visual art which elementary and middle school teachers have in mind. As results, observational evaluation system in visual art is widely accepted as important and efficient to diagnose the artistic giftedness. At the same time, subjectiveness of the system might be advantageous for student for whom teacher get favor and in-service program related to observational evaluation system is insufficient comparing to the demand from field. In spite of this, the scale for behavioral characteristics of the gifted in visual art and the test for artistic task performance are recognized as the most important and needed tools for evaluating artistic giftedness. Following the results, in order to raise up the validity and reliability of evaluation in visual art, the scales for behavioral characteristics of the gifted in visual art and the test for artistic task performance should be developed first and foremost.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.781-806
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the change in the beliefs of regular classroom teachers after participating in a gifted education lectures and practicum as well as the effectiveness of the lectures and practicum. Each teacher was asked to complete a pre-/ a mid-/ and post-journal, detailing their expected characteristics and then describing what occurred and how their initial expectations were altered. The teachers mentioned high thinking skills, creativity, fast problem solving skills, and a lack of communication skills as intellectual characteristics of gifted students and high motivation and task commitment as social characteristics. They mentioned the characteristics in textbooks on pre- and mid-journals, but presented their observations in post-journals such as lack of communication skills, competitive spirit, and frustrations. The study found that teachers broadened their view of giftedness, recognized the need to adapt instructions for gifted students, realized the necessity of knowing the students to differentiate instruction patterns, and emphasized teaching-learning strategies for the gifted. These results contribute to the promise of having regular classroom teachers engage in a field experience with gifted students to supplement discussions about gifted education lectures.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.97-118
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• 2021

Since the characteristics of teachers that affect mathematics academic achievement are constantly changing and affecting mathematics achievement, longitudinal studies that can predict and analyze growth are needed. This study used data from middle and high school students from 2013(first year of middle school) to 2017(second year of high school) of the Seoul Education Longitudibal Study(SELS). By classifying the longitudinal changes in mathematics academic achievement into similar subgroups, the direct influence of teachers' characteristics(professionalism, expectations, academic feedback) perceived by students on the longitudinal changes in mathematics academic achievement was examined. As a result of the study, it was found that the characteristics of mathematics teachers(professional performance, expectation, and academic feedback) in group 1(343 students), which included the top 14.5% of students, did not directly affect longitudinal changes in mathematics academic achievement. Students in the middle 2nd group(745, 32.2%) had academic feedback from the mathematics teacher, and the 2nd group(1225 students) in the lower 53%, which included most of the students, showed that the expectations of the mathematics teacher were the longitudinal mathematics achievement. The change has been shown to have a direct effect. This suggests that support for teaching and learning should also reflect this, as the direct influence of teachers' professionalism, expectations, and academic feedback on longitudinal changes in mathematics academic achievement is different according to the characteristics and dispositions of students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.427-433
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• 2021

This study examined the influence of child care teachers' playfulness on teacher-child interactions. The mediating influence of the teacher's efficacy on these relationships was also examined. The study subjects were 293 child care teachers in Busan and Gyeongnam. The collected data were analyzed with a structural equation model to verify the structures and paths among the variables overall. The results were as follows. First, teachers' playfulness directly affected the teacher-child interactions. Second, the teacher's efficacy had a direct effect on the teacher-child interactions. Third, teachers' playfulness not only influenced the teacher-child interactions directly but also influenced teacher-child interactions through the teacher's efficacy. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications of the influence of child care teachers' playfulness on teacher-child interactions mediated by the teacher's efficacy.