• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.197-206
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• 2015

The dissemination of smart appliances, along with the development of the latest information and communication technology has an effect on society. Their application can be seen in the smart learning environment, by use of digital textbooks with smart devices in the classroom. Hence in this study, the 4L-ACC activity using digital textbooks was applied in the third grade social studies class to improve critical thinking and problem solving skills of elementary school students. This study compared and analyzed the impact in critical thinking and problem-solving skills using digital textbooks versus standard social studies classes. As a result, in social studies classes that used the 4L-ACC activity compared to common social studies classes, elementary student's problem understanding, critical thinking, problem resolution, reflective thinking, and all lower areas of critical thinking and problem-solving were improved. In conclusion, using digital textbooks enhance student's ability to think critically and problem solve. This should provide learners a more comprehensive learning experience and therefore be integrated into more education environment.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.276-285
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• 2002

In this study the concepts for science learning of physics and earth science presented in the seventh grade science textbooks for the seventh national curriculum of Korea approved by the ministry of education were analyzed in terms of the concrete and formal concept level. The parts of textbook analyzed for science learning consist of three sections in physics such as light, force, and waves, and three sections in earth science such as the structure of the earth, the substance of crust, and the movement and composition of the ocean. The analyzed results showed that the number of scientific concepts were differed from 54 to 74 in physics and from 86 to 120 in earth science depending upon publishers. In general, the concepts for science learning in the physics were found to be more in the formal level than the concrete level. However, the concepts for science learning in earth science were found to be more in the concrete level than the formal level. The analyzed results suggest that the concepts of science learning should be considered the learner's cognitive level and the sections should be disposed depending on the degree of difficulty for writing the science textbook. Therefore, it seems to be important to review carefully whether the textbook meets the object of the seventh curriculum of Korea during the process of the investigation for the science textbook.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.335-354
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore alternative ways of teaching derivatives in a way that emphasizes intuition. For this purpose, the contents related to derivatives in Korean curriculum and textbooks were analyzed by comparing with contents in Singapore Curriculum and textbooks. Singapore, where the curriculum deals with derivatives relatively earlier than Korea, introduces the concept of derivatives and differentiation as the slope of tangent instead of the rate of instantaneous change in textbook. Also, Singapore use technology and inductive extrapolation to emphasize intuition rather than form and logic. Further, from the results of the exploration of other foreign cases, we confirm that the UK and Australia also emphasized intuition in teaching derivatives and differentiation. Based on the results, we discuss the meaning and implication of introducing derivatives and teaching differentiation in a way that emphasizes intuition. Finally, we propose the implications for the alternative way of teaching differentiation.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.509-517
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• 2012

In this study, the illustrations of 27 middle school science textbooks developed under the 2007 Revised National Curriculum were analyzed in the aspect of gender-role stereotyping, and the results were compared with those of the 7th National Curriculum. The types of the illustrations were classified, and the frequencies of pupils and adults who appeared on the illustrations were counted by gender, and the types of activities and the character of them were also analyzed by gender. In all results of the analyses, the differences between male and female decreased in comparison with those of the 7th National Curriculum. More male pupils appeared in the illustrations than female pupils. The frequencies of learning activities were balanced by gender, but other activities were described as focusing on male pupils. The frequencies of male adults outnumbered female adults. While the ratio of female adults was high in houseworks, that of male adults was high in outdoor activities. The jobs of adults were also illustrated as male-centered. Most pupils and adults were found to be active. Both ratios of pupils and adults for each gender were relatively similar.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.43-63
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find meaningful implications for developing curriculum and textbooks by comparison between Korean middle school mathematics textbooks and U.S.A.'s CMP textbooks. After comparing and analysing how the contents are composed focusing on the equations and functions and how the contents are presented according to 'Project 2061' mathematical textbook analytical framework, and how the contents ere different in terms of the mathematical connectivity, the research reached the following conclusions. First, compared to Korean textbooks, the CMP textbooks clearly present learners' behavior goals in a detailed way, and emphasize communication and connectivity. Second, Korean textbooks focus on explaining concepts and solving problems related to their concepts and discussion questions are briefly introduced. But all the textbooks contain a lot of problems required to be solved with algorithms. On the other hand, CMP textbooks provide students with opportunities to find the necessary concepts on their own, through problem solving processes, after presenting various real-life problem situations.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.383-393
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• 2015

This study analyzed the 6th grade elementary science textbook 'Science stories' reading process of students by utilizing eye movement tracking techniques. Participants read 3 articles in the new experimental science textbooks and solved 9 problems about each article. By understanding and academic achievement results, participants were divided into high-groups, middle-groups, and low-groups. The results of eye movement characteristics of the high-groups and low-groups had the following differences. Number of fixations and number of regressions were higher in high-groups. Average fixation duration and average regressive fixation duration were longer in low-groups. Fixation time for the key sentence of the article was longer in high-groups. Analysis of a scan path and post-interview, high-groups had frequent regression between sentences and they knew where the core of the article is and paid much attention there. In contrast low-groups are sequentially read most articles and some of them had a leap of abnormal range. Problem-solving approach is also different between groups. In conclusion reading style is associated with the science stories comprehension and students who had more regressions, much core search process, effective attention distribution, high concentration showed better understanding results. Also words or sentences used in textbooks are associated with science stories comprehension.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.443-465
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• 2016

The study aims to compare our newest mathematics curriculum with Singapore's and analyse the differences of them. Because the levels of our mathematics education have been evaluated to be difficult to our students, we try to find that the evaluation is appropriate and there are other characteristics we have to notice carefully, and provide some implications for our mathematics curriculum. We mainly compared both mathematics curriculums focussed on the national documents of mathematics curriculum, and textbooks in the level of middle school. The results are following. Firstly, Singapore has three tracks based on students' abilities and there are three kinds of textbooks on the tracks. This is a different from our teaching on students level. Secondly, the introductions of our mathematics curriculum contents are not faster than Singapore's, but they have more concrete ranges of contents than us. Thirdly, the focus of Singapore's mathematics education lies on problem solving, and we can find some good examples of contents of textbook focussed on problem solving. Some mathematical concepts are introduced simply without any process of students discoveries or investigations, and the focus lies on the problem solving using the concepts. Fourthly, Singapore's mathematics textbooks are more emphasis on the internal connections than ours.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.203-219
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper was analyzing the contents of life science area in elementary science textbooks according to Korean science curricula change to get suggestions for the advancement of science curriculum. The framework of content analysis was developed by revising TIMSS 2015 life science evaluation framework. The results of this research were as follows: 'The differences of living things and non-living things appearing in the first grade mostly were not included in the 1st, the 6th and the 2009 revised curricula. Contents emphasizing rural life were appeared from 'Teaching themes period' to the 2nd curriculum period, disappeared from the 3rd curriculum period until the 2009 revised curriculum. Contagious disease was emphasized in all elementary grades in the 1st curriculum period, which reflected a social phenomena emphasizing health and hygiene after the Korean War. Mostly fungus was included until the 7th curriculum period and bacteria and virus were added from the 2007 revised curriculum period. The way of improving health was emphasized continuously.' The differences of living things and non-living things should be included in elementary science curriculum for the correct 'life' concept formation of elementary students. 'Strategies for helping the living of descendants' and 'the heredity of animal and plant' which were appeared in the lower grades, should be included at the higher grades with greater depth. The incoming elementary science textbooks also need to include science contents about evolution in greater depth, along with human health.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2009

The applications of ratio and similarity have been in need of everyday life from ancient times. Euclid's elements Ⅴand Ⅵ cover ratio and similarity respectively. In this note, we have done a comparative analysis to button down the contents of ratio and similarity covered by the math text books used in Korea, Euclid's elements and the math text books used in Japan and America. As results, we can observe some differences between them. When math text books used in Korea introduce ratio, they presented it by showing examples unlike math text books used in America and Japan which present ratio by explaining the definition of it. In addition, in the text books used in Korea and Japan, the order of dealing with condition of similarity of triangles and the triangle proportionality is different from that of the text books used in America. Also, condition of similarity of triangles is used intuitively as postulate without any definition in text books used in Korea and Japan which is different from America's. The manner of teaching depending on the way of introducing learning contents and the order of presenting them can have great influence on student's understanding and application of the learning contents. For more desirable teaching in math it is better to provide text books dealing with various learning contents which consider student's diverse abilities rather than using current text books offering learning contents which are applied uniformly.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.480-497
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• 2021

This study intends to explore the content and organization characteristics of elementary school science textbooks in the astronomical domain from the perspective of understanding the astronomical spatial concept. This study analyzed the relevant unit of the achievement criteria in the 2015 revised science curriculum for the 'space' domain in elementary school science textbooks in comparison with that in secondary school textbooks according to the spatial concept analysis criteria by texts, illustrations, and inquiry activities. As a result, elementary school science textbooks were found to be organized around phenomena rather than concepts, targeting observable celestial bodies linked to real life in order to optimize the amount of learning content. However, the learning contents of astronomical observation related to observation and phenomena-centered real life should stimulate the curiosity and imagination of elementary school students and encourage their intellectual participation. Students need to be supported for understanding of the spatial concept to find an answer to the question of 'why'. The content organization for core concepts should be organized around the transferable spatial concept rather than simply focusing on presenting results by accurately describing the phenomena observed by students through scientific practice in order for students to answer various questions that arise in the course of scientific practice.