• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2022

Lavie's perceptual load theory (Lavie, 1995) proposes that the influence of distractors would be blocked as the load gets higher. Studies of perceptual load have usually adopted the flanker task, developed by Eriksen and Eriksen (1974), which measures reaction time on the target flanked by distractors. In the post-cueing forced task, participants should report the identity of the target cued later, and negative repetition effect (NRE) has often been observed. NRE means the effect that the accuracy of identification is worse when the target is flanked by the same nontargets than when flanked by different nontargets. This study has tried to check whether perceptual load has an effect on identification rate and NRE. Experiment 1 manipulated the similarity between targets and a distractor, and observed a tendency of NRE, but not the effect of perceptual load. Experiment 2 used 4, 2 (in two kinds of diagonal arrangement), or none distractors of the same identity to burden more perceptual load. NRE was significant and perceptual load showed significance but not a linear trend. Experiment 3 checked again whether NRE would be varied according to two levels of perceptual load strengthened by positional variability of load stimuli, but did not find the effect of perceptual load. It is concluded that perceptual load might have a limited effect on the early stage of perceptual processing due to divided attentional processing of the targets briefly exposed. Implications of this study were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.53-70
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of task conditions (physical similarity between the spatial product and the reference space, presentation place of the spatial product) on children's spatial representation. The participants consisted of 40 3-year-olds and 40 4-year-olds. The results of this study are as follows. Both 3-year-olds and 4-year-olds were capable of a greater degree of spatial representation when there was a high level of physical similarity between the spatial product and the reference space, and when the presentation place of the spatial product was in the reference space. 4-year-olds were capable of more accurate spatial representation than 3-year-olds. There was no significant difference in the children's spatial representation depending on the type of spatial product (scale model, map). The results revealed that the physical similarity between the spatial product and the reference space and the presentation place of the spatial product are essential in young children's spatial representation. Additionally, the results indicated that spatial representation of children develops gradually from when they are three to when they turn four.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.529-532
• /
• 2002

본 과제를 통해 금속 구조물 음극 방식용 고성능 스위칭 정류기를 개발하였다. 개발된 정류기 회로는 크게 두 부분, 즉 1대로 구성된 AC/DC 컨버터부와 4대로 구성된 Module Type DC/DC 컨버터부로 되어 있다. AC/DC 컨버터는 IGBT PWM Rectifier로서 입력전압의 역률을 거의 1로 제어하고 있으며 또한 DC Link 전압을 일정하게 제어하고 있다. Module Type DC/DC 컨버터는 ZCS/ZVS 스위칭 동작을 통하여 스위칭 손실 감소와 함께 고주파 동작을 가능하게 하여, 입력측과 출력측의 전기적 절연을 위한 변압기로 고주파 변압기를 사용할 수 있게 하였다. 이로 인해 시스템의 부피와 무게를 현저히 감소시켰다. 본 과제에서 개발한 방식용 정류기 기술은 다른 유사 분야에의 적용도 가능한 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.02a
• /
• pp.98-98
• /
• 2013

완전화 박막이란 사용자가 원하는 용도에 맞게 최적의 성능을 구현하도록 제조된 박막을 의미하며 금속이나 화합물 박막을 제조하되 각종 구조 제어 Tool이나 증착 공정을 변화시켜 나노화와 다층화 또는 치밀화를 통해 구현될 수 있다. 최근 고성능의 증착 및 제어 Tool이 개발되고 빗각증착(Oblique Angle Deposition)이나 스침각 증착(Glancing Angle Deposition) 방법 등의 기술이 개발되면서 사용자 목적에 최적인 박막 소재를 제공하여 User-friendly한 응용을 위한 연구개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 완전화 박막 제조에 대한 시도는 1990년대에 일본에서 시작되었다. 일본에서는 산학연이 공동으로 참여하는 NEDO 프로그램을 통해 경질코팅을 이용한 Protective Layer를 제조하여 차단 방식에 의한 내식성 구현 연구를 수행하였다. 유럽에서는 제 7차 European Framework Program (7th FT)을 통해 2007년부터 CORRAL (Corrosion Protection with Perfect Atomic Layer) 프로젝트를 만들어 완전화 박막 연구를 진행하고 있다. 상기 프로젝트는 얇은 자연 산화막이 Bulk의 부식을 방지해주는 것에 착안하여 HIPIMS나 Filtered Arc 또는 ALD 공정을 이용하여 자연 산화막과 유사한 Defect-free 산화막을 제조하여 Barrier형 내식성 박막을 구현하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 완전화 박막 구현을 위한 연구동향을 파악하고 완전화 박막 제조를 위한 기술적 과제와 몇 가지의 시도에 대한 기초 연구 자료를 소개한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.30 no.8
• /
• pp.1097-1109
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the ERF components patterns of observers who have different cognitive styles using magneto-encephalography (MEG). The task was developed based on the CSA (Cognitive Style Analysis) program. Eight right-handed, healthy male college students participated in voluntarily. To investigate college students' ERF components during the task, an MEG system with block design was used to measure magnetic signals in their brains. For examining the observation characteristic by cognitive style, MEG ERF components were analyzed. As a result, four ERF components (M1, M2, M3, M4) were observed. Through the results of this study, the reason for different observation characteristics by cognitive styles was verified in the neurophysiological methods. This study will have implications to establish theories on scientific observation and cognitive styles.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.1707-1714
• /
• 2015

The neural bases underlying within or between-language picture naming was investigated by using event-related fMRI. The present suudy explorered the following two goals: The first is to compare cortical activation areas relevant to naming process in native and foreign language, and to decide whether the activation pattern of the foreign word will be the same as native words or not. The next is to find the cerebral areas involved only in alternating language switching between native and foreign language condition. Differential activation patterns were observed for language switching against one-language. Both naming tasks all activated the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) as expected. However the differences in naming between languages were reflected in the activation amount of the LIFG, namely more activation in naming the native language than the foreign language. Especially, naming of the foreign word from English showed the similar area and size in activation with native language suggesting that the process of borrowed noun resembles that of native common noun. And the language switching between languages newly activated the right middle frontal gyrus as well as the left inferior frontal areas. The right middle frontal gyrus engagement in switching conditions obviously identified that right hemisphere is recruited in code switching possibly with respect to meta-cognition controlling language index at a subconscious level.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.3-30
• /
• 1991

전통적(傳統的)인 좁은 경제학(經濟學)의 시각(視角)을 벗어나 여기서는 "러스킨"의 정치경제학(政治經濟學)과 "센"의 복지경제학(福祉經濟學)을 접목시킨 문화경제학(文化經濟學)의 정립(定立)을 시도하였다. 문화경제학(文化經濟學)은 인본주의(人本主義)에 입각하여 국민(國民)의 행복하고 건강한 삶을 뒷받침하는 것을 목적(目的)으로 과학(科學) 위에 서고 기술(技術)을 관리하며 일정한 수준의 도의문화(道義文化)를 필수요건으로 한 법(法)과 행위(行爲)의 시스템의 전개(展開)를 연구대상(硏究對象)으로 삼는다. 따라서 이러한 시각(視角)에서는 재화(財貨)의 소유(所有)보다 삶을 더 중요시 한다. 먼저 "러스킨"의 정치경제학(政治經濟學)과 "센"의 복지경제학(福祉經濟學)의 이론적 특징을 살펴본 후 삶의 질(質)을 향상시키는 데 있어서 법질서(法秩序)와 행위(行爲)와 수용능력(受容能力)과 도의문화(道義文化)의 중요성(重要性)을 부각시킨 후, 이러한 이론적(理論的) 시각(視角)을 우리나라의 대중교통생활(大衆交通生活)에 적용하여 구체적으로 대중교통망(大衆交通網)의 과학성(科學性), 교통질서(交通秩序)와 운전행위(運轉行爲), 그 사회적(社會的) 비용(費用)과 그 분담(分擔), 교통(交通)서비스의 수용능력(受容能力) 등 문화경제학적(文化經濟學的) 과제(課題)를 제기(提起)하였다. 이러한 예시적(例示的) 과제(課題)는 우리의 교통생활(交通生活)뿐만 아니라 정치(政治), 경제(經濟), 사회(社會), 언론(言論), 문화(文化) 등 모든 분야(分野)에 있어서 정도의 차이는 있으나 유사한 문제점(問題點)을 안고 있을 것으로 예상(豫想)된다. 여기서 대응방향(對應方向)으로서 제시된 경제사회질서(經濟社會秩序)의 확립(確立), 사회적(社會的) 보상체계(報償體系)의 합리화(合理化), 수용능력(受容能力)의 순화(淳化)와 배양(培養), 도의문화(道義文化)의 함양(涵養) 등은 결코 새로운 것은 아니지만 문화경제학(文化經濟學)의 시각이 도입되어야 이러한 대응(對應)이 경제학(經濟學)의 틀에 수용(收容)될 수 있으며 이러한 시각(視角)의 원용(援用)은 우리 경제(經濟)가 당면한 경제적(經濟的) 난제(難題)들을 근본적(根本的)으로 해결하는 데 새로운 접근(接近)의 모색을 가능케 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.745-768
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study at gifted students' solving ability of the given study task by using all knowledge and tools which encompass mathematical contents and curriculums, and developing the teaching learning materials of gifted students in accordance with their level which tan enhance their mathematical thinking ability and develop creative idea. With these considerations in mind, this paper sought for the standard and procedures of teaching learning materials development according to the levels for the education of the mathematically gifted students. presented the procedure model of material development, produced teaching learning methods according to levels in the task of figurate number, and developed prototypes and examples of teaching learning materials for the mathematically gifted students. Based on the prototype of teaching learning materials for the gifted students in mathematics in accordance with their level, this research developed the materials for students and materials for teachers, and performed the modification and complement of material through the field application and verification. It confirmed various solving processes and mathematical thinking levels by analyzing the figurate number tasks. This result will contribute to solving the study task by using all knowledge and tools of mathematical contents and curriculums that encompass various mathematically gifted students, and provide the direction of the learning contents and teaching learning materials which can promote the development of mathematically gifted students.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.45-61
• /
• 2009

The powerful role of analogical reasoning in discovering mathematics is well substantiated in the history of mathematics. Mathematically gifted students, thus, are encouraged to learn via in-depth exploration on their own based on analogical reasoning. In this study, 57 gifted students (31in the 7th and 26 8th grade) were asked to formulate or clarify analogy. Students produced fruitful constructs led by analogical reasoning. Participants in this study appeared to experience the deep thinking that is necessary to solve problems made with analogies, a process equivalent to the one that mathematicians undertake. The subjects had to reflect on prior knowledge and develop new concepts such as an orthogonal projection and a point of intersection of perpendicular lines based on analogical reasoning. All subjects were found adept at making meaningful analogues of a triangle since they all made use of meta-cognition when searching relations for analogies. In the future, methodologies including the development of tasks and teaching settings, measures to evaluate the depth of mathematic exploration through analogy, and research on how to promote education related to analogy for gifted students will enhance gifted student mathematics education.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.511-516
• /
• 2018

This study examined the effectiveness of a short thumb splint and a glove type splint which combined features of a fitness glove in order to improve hand function and performance of functional task after traumatic brain injury. One subject with traumatic brain injury participated in this study and wore a short thumb splint and customized glove type splint. His hand function was significantly improved when comparing to that of not using those splints. In addition, using the glove type splint was more significant to perform functional tasks than using the short thumb splint. The findings of this study identified that hand function of people with traumatic brain injury was improved by using those splints as an occupational therapy service and it is necessary to adapt the customized splints according to the personal characteristics.