• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.95-114
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• 2009

The aim of this paper is to evaluate weight and priority values for 'inner consisted factors' and 'outer requested factors' of logistics system using the AHP(Analytic Hierarchicy Process) method. As for analysis regarding inner consisted factors, the results were shown as follows: a road transportation (0.312) as first rank; a marine transportation (0.269) as second rank; a railway transportation (0.239) as third rank; an air transportation (0.118) as fourth rank, and a pipeline transportation (0.063) as fifth rank. In terms of analysis regarding outer requested factors, the results were came out as follows: an infrastructure (0.322) as first rank; a performance (0.206) as second rank; an information system (0.151) as third rank; a human resources (0.121) as fourth rank, a business environment (0.075) as fifth rank; a connectivity (0.073) as sixth rank, and a political environment (0.052) as seventh rank.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1503-1514
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• 2019

A rank 1 matrix has a factorization as $uv^t$ for vectors u and v of some orders. The arctic rank of a rank 1 matrix is the half number of nonzero entries in u and v. A matrix of rank k can be expressed as the sum of k rank 1 matrices, a rank 1 decomposition. The arctic rank of a matrix A of rank k is the minimum of the sums of arctic ranks of the rank 1 matrices over all rank 1 decomposition of A. In this paper we obtain characterizations of the linear operators that strongly preserve the symmetric arctic ranks of symmetric matrices over nonnegative reals.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.371-377
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• 2017

Despite the importance of the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-RANK signaling mechanisms on osteoclast differentiation, little has been studied on how RANK expression is regulated or what regulates its expression during osteoclastogenesis. We show here that insulin signaling increases RANK expression, thus enhancing osteoclast differentiation by RANKL. Insulin stimulation induced RANK gene expression in time- and dose-dependent manners and insulin receptor shRNA completely abolished RANK expression induced by insulin in bone marrow-derived monocyte/macrophage cells (BMMs). Moreover, the addition of insulin in the presence of RANKL promoted RANK expression. The ability of insulin to regulate RANK expression depends on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) since only PD98059, an ERK1/2 inhibitor, specifically inhibited its expression by insulin. However, the RANK expression by RANKL was blocked by all three mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases inhibitors. The activation of RANK increased differentiation of BMMs into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive ($TRAP^+$) osteoclasts as well as the expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) and d2 isoform of vacuolar ($H^+$) ATPase (v-ATPase) Vo domain (Atp6v0d2), genes critical for osteoclastic cell-cell fusion. Collectively, these results suggest that insulin induces RANK expression via ERK1/2, which contributes to the enhancement of osteoclast differentiation.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.223-237
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• 2021

Let n be a fixed natural number. Menger algebras of rank n can be regarded as a canonical generalization of arbitrary semigroups. This paper is concerned with studying algebraic properties of Menger algebras of rank n by first defining a special class of full n-place functions, the so-called a left translation, which possess necessary and sufficient conditions for an (n + 1)-groupoid to be a Menger algebra of rank n. The isomorphism parts begin with introducing the concept of homomorphisms, and congruences in Menger algebras of rank n. These lead us to establish a quotient structure consisting a nonempty set factored by such congruences together with an operation defined on its equivalence classes. Finally, the fundamental homomorphism theorem and isomorphism theorems for Menger algebras of rank n are given. As a consequence, our results are significant in the study of algebraic theoretical Menger algebras of rank n. Furthermore, we extend the usual notions of ordinary semigroups in a natural way.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.1317-1329
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• 2017

A Boolean rank one matrix can be factored as $\text{uv}^t$ for vectors u and v of appropriate orders. The perimeter of this Boolean rank one matrix is the number of nonzero entries in u plus the number of nonzero entries in v. A Boolean matrix of Boolean rank k is the sum of k Boolean rank one matrices, a rank one decomposition. The perimeter of a Boolean matrix A of Boolean rank k is the minimum over all Boolean rank one decompositions of A of the sums of perimeters of the Boolean rank one matrices. The arctic rank of a Boolean matrix is one half the perimeter. In this article we characterize the linear operators that preserve the symmetric arctic rank of symmetric Boolean matrices.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.617-624
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• 2004

In this article the fuzzy number rank and the fuzzy rank transformation method are introduced in order to analyse the non-parametric fuzzy regression model which cannot be described as a specific functional form such as the crisp data and fuzzy data as a independent and dependent variables respectively. The effectiveness of fuzzy rank transformation methods is compared with other methods through the numerical examples.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.213-225
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• 1997

Let A be a real $m \times n$ matrix. The column rank of A is the dimension of the column space of A and the maximal column rank of A is defined as the maximal number of linearly independent columns of A. It is wekk known that the column rank is the maximal column rank in this situation.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.273-288
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• 2011

Recently, the rankings of Korean container ports in terms of container handling cargo volume were plunged down due to the emerging Chinese ports. The efficient container ports strategies which increase container port competitiveness were requested. In this respect, it is urgently required to draw out constituent factors for Port Logistics, weigh these factors, and finally focus on improving the suggested factors. The aim of this paper is to evaluate weight and priority values for 'inner consisted factors' and 'outer requested factors' of port logistics by using the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. As for the analysis regarding the inner consisted factors, the results were shown as follows: a storage and handling system (0.288) as the first rank; an information system of port logistics (0.210) as the second rank; an inland intermodal system (0.189) as the third rank; a ship's entering and departuring system (0.184) as the fourth rank, and a ship's berthing system (0.129) as the fifth rank. In terms of analysis regarding outer requested factors, the results came out as follows: a logistics cost (0.360) as the first rank; a port service (0.128) as the second rank; a connectivity (0.118) as the third rank; a hinterland condition (0.116) as the fourth rank; an convenience (0.106) as the fifth rank; a regional center (0.095) as the sixth rank, and an availability (0.077) as the seventh rank. For analyzing the priorities changes in constituent factors, the comparison of results between the year 2007 and the year 2011 was done. As the results, among inner consisted factors, 'information system of port logistics' was ranked first in the year 2007 while 'a storage and handling system' became the most important factor in the year 2011. Among the inner consisted factors, however, the logistics cost was the important factor in 2007 and 2011, respectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.15-24
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• 2009

Compressed sensing addresses the recovery of a sparse vector from its few linear measurements. Recently, the success for the vector case has been extended to the matrix case. Compressed sensing of low-rank matrices solves the ill-posed inverse problem with fie low-rank prior. The problem can be formulated as either the rank minimization or the low-rank approximation. In this paper, we survey recently proposed efficient algorithms to solve these two formulations.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.283-290
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• 2009

The rank/select data structure is a basic tool of succinct representations for several data structures such as trees, graphs and text indexes. For a given string sequence, it is used to answer the occurrence of characters up to a certain position. In previous studies, theoretical rank/select data structures were proposed, but they didn't support practical operational time and space. In this paper, we propose a simple solution for implementing rank/select data structures efficiently. According to experiments, our methods without complex encodings achieve nH$_0$ + O(n) bits of theoretical size and perform rank/select operations faster than the original HSS data structure.