• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.902-905
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• 2003

Five compounds of terpenoids and coumarins were isolated from the non-polar fraction of Artemisia apiacea by open column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated as $\alpha$-amyrin (1), $\beta$-amyrin (2), $\beta$-sitosterol (3), 5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin (4) and 6-methoxy-7,8-methylenedioxycoumarin (5) by chemical and spectroscopic analysis. This is the first report of the isolation of $\alpha$-amyrin, $\beta$-amyrin, 5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin and 6-methoxy-7,8-methylene-dioxycoumarin from this plant.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.77-81
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• 2010

The seed of cowpea (Vigna sinensis K.) was extracted with 80% aqueous methanol (MeOH). And the concentrated extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH) and $H_2O$, successively. The repeated silica gel and octadecyl silica gel (ODS) column chromatographic separations for the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions led to isolation of four sterols. And the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as a mixture of stigmasterol and $\beta$-sitosterol with the ratio of 4 to 3 (1), 7-ketositosterol (2), and stigmasterol 3-O-$\beta$D-glucopyranoside (3) from the interpretation of spectroscopic data including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum metric, mass (MS) spectrum metric and infrared (IR) spectroscope. This study reports the first isolation of $\beta$-sitosterol, 7-ketositosterol, and stigmasterol 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside from the seed of Vigna sinensis K. In addition, compound 2, 7-ketositosterol, is rarely occurred in natural source including plant.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.82-85
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• 2006

The fruits of Cornus kousa Burg. were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and $H_2O$, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, three sterols were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. According to the results of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (1), $stigmast-4-en-6{\beta}-ol-3-one$ (2) and daucosterol (3). They were the first to be isolated from Cornus kousa Burg.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.663-672
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• 2013

To characterize the nutraceutical property of Italian millet (Setaria italica) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), ten Korean landraces of each crop were collected and their vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), squalene and phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) contents as well as fatty acid composition in seeds were evaluated. Italian millet seeds exhibited 5 forms of vitamin E isomers: three (${\alpha}$-, ${\gamma}$- and ${\delta}$-) tocopherols and two (${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-) tocotrienols, while sorghum seeds showed only three forms of vitamin E isomers: ${\alpha}$- and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol and ${\alpha}$-tocotrienol. In both crops, ${\gamma}$-tocopherol was the major constituent of vitamin E in terms of highest quantity. Total vitamin E content in Italian millet and sorghum landraces were 88.3 mg/kg and 44.3 mg/kg, respectively. Among three phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) analyzed, ${\beta}$-sitosterol was the major form comprising about 85% and 65% in Italian millet and sorghum landraces, respectively. Total phytosterols content ranged from 443.0 to 568.5 mg/kg and 442.3 to 719.2 mg/kg in Italian millet and sorghum, respectively. Squalene, a precursor of phytosterols biosynthesis, ranged from 6.8 to 10.2 mg/kg in Italian millet and from 62.2 to 115.2 mg/kg in sorghum. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids in both of the crops and about 80% of the total fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids. Among the tested landraces, M09 and S10 showed relatively higher proportion of phytonutrients, suggesting their potential as a gene source for further breeding program.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.339-342
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• 2006

Canna generalis was extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and $H_2O$, successively. from the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions, four compounds were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. From the results of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as $\beta$-sitosterol(1), linoleic acid methyl ester(2),1-O-oleoyl-2-O-linoleoyl-3-O-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol(3), and daucosterol(4). They were the first to be isolated from Canna generalis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.207-211
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• 1998

Three prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors were isolated and identified as luteolin, quercetin and ${\beta}$-sitosterol-3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside with $IC_{50}$ of 0.17, 0.19 and 27.5 ppm, respectively. The inhibition of two flavonoids were non-competitive with substrate. Twenty authentic flavonoids were tested in order to investigate structure-activity relationship. No significant relationship was found in them, however, catechol moiety of B-ring and 7-OH group in flavonoid skeleton were seemed to be responsible for the stronger activity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.599-603
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• 2005

Chemical constituents of fruit peels of Fortunella japonica Swingle were investigated, and ten compounds were purified and isolated through various chromatographic procedures. Through NMR analysis, isolated compounds were identified as ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (1), lupenone (2), ${\beta}$-amyrin (3), ${\alpha}$-amyrin (4), ${\beta}$-sitosterol (5), ${\beta}$-sitosteryl 3-O-glucopyranoside (6), kaempferide 3-O-rhanmopyranoside (7), 3',5'-di-C-${\beta}$-glucopyranosylphloretin (8), acacetin 7-O-neohesperidoside (9), and acacetin 8-C-neohesperidoside (10). Compounds 1-7 were identified for the first time by our group from fruit peels of F. japonica.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.980-985
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to isolate and identify anti-inflammatory chemicals in Hippophae rhamnoides L. which was grown in Chuncheon, Korea. Treatment of ethanol extracts from stems, leaves, roots, and fruits to RAW 264.7 cells reduced amounts of nitrite by 56.0, 31.9, 49.1, and 18.9% respectively, compared to only lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment which is well-known as a inflammation-inducing agent. The stems were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water and their nitrite contents in RAW 264.7 cells were measured. The dichloromethane extracts showed the highest inflammatory activity, exhibiting 80% reduction of the nitrite content at 1 mg/mL treatment. Activity-directed fractionation of dichloromethane extracts led to the identification of $\beta$-sitosterol as the anti-inflammatory chemical. 0.1 mg/mL treatment of $\beta$-sitosterol inhibited strongly the production of nitrite by 65%, compared to only LPS treatment. These results suggest that stem of H. rhamnoides L. may be useful for inflammation treatment.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.628-635
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• 2002

Five terpenes (1~5), three fatty acids (6~8), two sterols (9 and 11), and a monogalactosyldiacyl glycerol (10) were isolated from the methylene chloride extract of the aerial part of Cirsium setidens. Their chemical structures were determined to be $\alpha$-tocopherol (1), 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3$\beta$-o1 (2), 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3$\beta$-o1 (3), mokko lactone (4), transphytol (5), 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid (6), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (7), hexadecanoic acid (8), acylglycosyl $\beta$-sitosterol (9), (2R)-1, 2-O-(9z, 12z, 15z-dioctadecatrienoyl)-3-O-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol (10) and $\beta$-sitosterol glucoside (11) by spectral evidences. Compound 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines with its $ED_{50}$ values ranging from 2.66 to 11.25 $\mu$M.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.16-20
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• 2018

Background: The Panax ginseng plant is used as an herbal medicine. Phytosterols of P. ginseng have inhibitory effects on inflammation-related factors in HepG2 cells. Methods: Phytosterols (e.g., stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol) in the roots of P. ginseng grown under various conditions were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The P. ginseng roots analyzed in this study were collected from three cultivation areas in Korea (i.e., Geumsan, Yeongju, and Jinan) and differed by cultivation year (i.e., 4 years, 5 years, and 6 years) and production process (i.e., straight ginseng, red ginseng, and white ginseng). Results: The concentrations of stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol in P. ginseng roots were 2.22-23.04 mg/g and 7.35-59.09 mg/g, respectively. The highest concentrations of stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol were in the roots of 6-year-old P. ginseng cultivated in Jinan (82.14 mg/g and 53.23 mg/g, respectively). Conclusion: Six-year-old white ginseng and white ginseng cultivated in Jinan containing stigmasterol and b-sitosterol are potentially a new source of income in agriculture.