In this paper, I explore the semantic interpretation of the English present perfect by arguing that the perfect is analogous to modals in its interpretation. The perfect produces several different readings, i.e., the resultative and the current relevant reading, to mention a few. Despite this, the meaning of the perfect remains invariable in sentences where it occurs. Instead, the semantic variability of the perfect is due to the nature of the conversational background. This indicates that just as modals are context-dependent, so is the perfect, which inspires a modal-based approach to the semantics of the perfect. By incorporating such an approach into its semantic analysis, we can present a unified account of the different meanings of the perfect.

이 논문에서는 국지적인 대명사의 해결을 위한 이론적인 틀로 널리 아려진 중심화이론의 여러 이론적인 정보포장이론이라는 새로운 담화의미론으로 발전시킬 수 있음을 보이고자 한다. 이로써 한국어 담화상에 나타나는 대명사의 선행사 탐색이 상당히 설득력있게 이루어질 수 있음을 보였다. 이를 위해 먼저 제한된 영역대화라 할 수 있는 호텔예약대화에 나타나는 영대명사의 특징에 대해 논의한다. 이어서, 대명사 해결과 관련하여 정보구조가 중심화이론의 주요 구성요소인 정향적 중심리스트 서열 구성에 직접 반영되어야 함을 보인다. 마지막으로 대명사를 담화통어할 수 있는 위치에 있어야 한다는 담화통어제약을 제안하여 광역대화에 나타나는 명시적인 대명사의 해결을 위한 하나의 대안을 제시한다.

Along with the flourishign development of computational linguistics, research on the meanings of individual words has started to resume. Polyusemous words are especially brought into focus since their multiple senses have placed a real challenge to linguists and computer scientists. This paper mainly concerns the following three questions with regard to the treatments of such polysemous nouns and verbs in English and Korean. Firstly, what types of information should be represented in individual lexical entries for those polysemous words\ulcorner Secondly, how different are corresponding polysemous lexical entries in both languages\ulcorner Thirdly, what does a mental lexicon look like with regard to polysemous lexical entries\ulcorner For the first and second questions, Pustejosky's (1995) Generative Lexicon Theory (hereafter GLT) will be discussed in detail: the main focus falls on developing alternative way of representing (polysemous) lexical entries. For the third question, a brief discussion is made on mapping between concepts and their lexicalizations. Furthermore, a conceptual graph around conept 'bake' is depicted in terms of Sowa(2000)

The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, we revise the well-known Centering Theory of anaphora resolution and propose the controlled Information Packaging Theory (for short, CIPT). Second, we suggest a solution to the resolution of the antecedents of pronouns within the framework of CIPT. For this purpose, we select a dialogue of hotel reservation as a domain-restricted discourse, and discourse, and discuss the characteristics of the distribution of pronouns. We suggest that we need to palce the Slot-Link element on the top of the forward centering list. We claim that we need to establish a constraint on conceptual compatibility. As for the pronouns in the global dialogue, we propose a constraint of discourse command.

In thihs paper, I investigate the different usage of a reflexive-anaphor or logophor. Some African languages which have a morphologically independent set of logophors give a clue to this dichotomy. English which does not have morphologically independent logophors employs a reflexive-self form to be used as a logophor. However, the logophors in English occur in restricted environments. On the other hand, Korean is freer than English in that it allows areflexive to be interchanged with a logophor. With this assumption, I deal with the binding in Optimality Theory. I set up the constraints-MAXlog,ana,MINlog,ana, and Ølog,ana. With these constraints, the binding in various languages are explained through constraint ranking. In addition, the long-distance binding in English is dealt with properly of we assume the dichotomy and constraint-ranking in Optimality Theory. Furthermore, this gives an explanation to reflexive and pronoun alternation in English. Also, I borrow from phonology the idea of Obligatory Contour Principle to explain the similar phenomenon in syntax. I compare English with Korean in dealing with the possessive reflexive with the recourse to The Emergence of the Unmarked Pronoun Bresnan 1997. Fnmally, the reconstruction phenomenon is accounted for with the same device.

본 논문에서는 컴퓨터를 이용하여 문장을 분석하기 위해 통합기반법이 구현된 PATR라는 문법형식을 살펴보고, 국어문장분석을 지원해 주는 사전을 계승메니카니즘이 가능한 형태로 구축하여 사전의 효율적인 구성을 제시하고, 사전과 구문분석기사이의 인터페이스가 어떻게 가능할 수 있는 지를 보여주고자 한다.

Application systems of natural language processing such as machine translation system must deal with actual texts including the full range of linguistic phenomena. But it seems to be impossible that the existing grammar covers completely such actual texts because they include disruptive factors such as long sentences, unexpected sentence patterns and erroneous input to obstruct well-formed analysis of a sentence. In order to solve analysis failure due to the disruptive factors or incorrect selection of correct parse tree among forest parse trees, this paper proposes two-level computational grammar which consists of a constraint-based grammar and an error-tolerant grammar. The constraint-based computational grammar is the grammar that gives us the well-formed analysis of English texts. The error-tolerant computational grammar is the grammar that reconstructs a comprehensible whole sentence structure with partially successful parse trees within failed parsing results.

This paper deals with the aspects of meaning of verbal humor that are responsible for eliciting laughs. It is generally accepted that the perception of incongruity is involved in the experience of humor, but few clear definitions or explanations have been given of the nature of this incongruity. Among the few, Curc (1995, 1997, 1998), for example, tries to analyze verbal humor, specifically the relation between a stimulus and the hearer's interpretation of it, in line with the principle of relevance (Spreber and Wilson 1986, 1995). However, as he admits, his account covers only a limited amount of cases. This paper will delve into the meaning of humor with extensive data and present a set of individual mechanisms involved in humor. It will also propose a new conceptual theory of humor that persuasively accounts for the mechanisms of humor as a whole.

76) $\ldots$[YP $neg_i\;\ldots\;t_i-[f\ldots*(\gamma)\ldots$] (1)=문부정 이동; (2)‘비선택적 결속’(unselective binding) 77) a. 초점운용자(초점 의존적 불변화사)의 통사적 성격을 동일하나, 형태론적 성격은 다를 수 있다. i. 문부정 - 문부정에 의해 결속되는, 하나 이상의 초점 혹은 의문 초점이나, 하나의 양화사를 포함하는 초점범주 ii. even(초점 의존적 불변화사) - even에 의해 결속되는, 하나 이상의 초점을 포함하는 초점범주 iii. 대조 영운용자 - 초점인 대조표지와 합쳐진 초점범주 b. 초점운용자의 의미는 운용자의 어휘적, 범주적 성격에 의거한다.

이 논문에서는 피동접사 '이, 히, 리, 기'와 결합하는 피동형과 관련된 형태·통사적 문제를 전산적 관점에서 다룬다. 전산처리에서 이러한 피동형의 형태적 문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 피동접사 '이, 히, 리, 기'와 결합할 수 있는 타동사 어간의 분포가 제한되어 있다. 둘째, 타동사 어간이 결합할 수 있는 피동접사는 고정접사는 고정되어 있다. 셋째, 피동형 중에 타동사 어간과 피동접사가 결합할 대 형태적으로 변화하는 것들이 있다. '나누다/나뉘다, 모으다/모이다, 잠그다/잠기다, 자르다/잘리다'등이 여기에 해당된다. 이러한 형태적 문제 외에도 전산처리에서 피동형과 관련된 통사적 문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 능동형의 타동사가 피동형이 되면서 논항구조도 함께 변화한다. 둘째, 피동문의 행동주가 문장에서 생략되는 경우가 종종 있다. '문제가 쉽게 풀리었다','소리가 잘 들린다'등이 이에 해당된다. 이 논문은 한국어 피동접사 '이, 히, 라, 기'와 결합하는 피동형의 형태·통사적 특징을 전산적으로 처리하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 표상모형으로는 자질구조를, 구현도구로는 Malage를 사용한다.