1. Purpose Through analysing simple herbs of "DongEuiBoGam JangBu", we compare JangBu of traditional oriental medicine with JangBu of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. So we can comprehend the JangBu's difference of traditional-oriental with sasang-constitional medicine. 2. Method We divide herbs into 4 sectors of sasang constitution by "DongMuYooGo", "DongEuiSuSeBoWon SinJunBang" and define constitutional herbs for each type of sasang constitution. On that base, we analyze herbs in "DongEuiBoGam JangBu" into sasang constitution, and compare with JangBu of sasang-constitution 3. Result (1) The simple herb of sasang-constition is over 50% at that of "DongEuiBoGam JangBu" (2) Only small intestine is consist of one-constitional herb, others is 2~4-constitional herb (3) At the simple herbs of "DongEuiBoGam JangBu", Soeumin's herbs many used at Spleen, Stomach, Urinary bladder, SamCho, Taeumin's herbs many used at Lung. At the Soeumin and Taemin, the Sasang JangBu of filling up BoMyungGiJu(保命之主) is connected with traditional JangBu. Soyangin's herbs many used at Heart, Gall bladder, Small intestine and there is no JangBu which Taeyangin's herbs many used. At the Soyangin and Taeyangin, the Sasang JangBu of filling up BoMyungGiJu(保命之主) is not connected with traditional JangBu.

We analyzed 57 types of herbal medicines for Soeumin, clinically applied in Dongyisoosebowon. In order co discover the standard of herbal classification for the Sasang Constitutions, four concepts of Sasang Medicine were applied. These included 'Sadangron (theory of four groups)', 'Seungganggaehap(ascending-descending and gathering-dispersing)', 'Pyorihanyoul(exterior-interior and hot-cold)', and 'Hyungchiaekmi(fragrance, smell, bodily fluid and taste)'. According to these analyzing methods of herbal properties, we have reached the following conclusions: 1. Lee Je-ma first established the physiology of the internal organs of the Sasang Constitutions through the understanding of constitutional pathology. Dr. Lee then classified herbal medicines into four constitutional groups by observing the herbal effects according to such perspective of organ physiology and pathology. 2. Among the Sasang concepts applied in the analysis of herbal properties based on the physiology and pathology of Sasang constitutions, 'Seungganggaehap (ascending-descending and gathering-dispersing)' was found to be the most useful. Meanwhile, 'Sadangron, (the theory of four groups - Spirit, Qi, Blood and Essence),' along with 'Pyorihanyoul (exterior-interior and hot-cold)' and 'Hyungchiaekmi (fragrance, smell, bodily fluid and taste)' were partially useful. 3. Herbal medicines for Soeumin are characterized by ascending energetics that protect the Yang Qi. The 'Exterior heat disease' is treated with herbal medicines that raise the "Exterior Yang" in three different way: by tonifying Qi. by tonifying Blood and by releasing exterior. The 'Interior cold disease' is treated with herbal medicines that descend "Interior Yin" in two ways. One by warming the stomach, and the other by regulating Qi. 4. Cases where a whole category of herbs with the same effect have been applied co one constitution, are most frequent among Shaoyin herbs. There was an intimate connection between the treatment methods and the traditional effects of herbs for 'Soewnin'. These discoveries allowed us to see that the development of the pharmacology of the Sasang Constitutional pathology more progressed in 'Soeumin'. *analysing simple herbs of "DongEuiBoGam JangBu" we compare JangBu of traditional oriental medicine with JangBu of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. So we can comprehend the JangBu's difference of traditional-oriental with sasang-constitional medicine.

Purpose This study was carried out ro apply the knowledge of bioinformatics to the quantification of constitutional information. Methods To objectify consitirutional knowledge, several uselful methods including Bayesian estimate, position specific score matrix, entropy, phylogenetic tree, simulated annealing were discussed. Results and Conclusion It is obvious that bioinformatic methods can be the most important tool for the objectification of constitutional medicine.

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the body shape of Sasang Constitutions by body composition and body measurement. Methods : This study was carried out 98 cases(68 males and 30 females)of Oriental Medical College at Kyunghee University. After determining the Sasang Constitutions(Soeumin, Soyangin, Taeumin) by QSCCII, the body shape of each group were analysed by body composition(INBODY 2.0, Biospace, seoul, korea) and body measurement. Results : 1) The result of Sasang Constitution analysis of 98 cases were classified as Soumin(52%), Soyang(24.5%), Taeumin(23.5%). 2) In the body composition and body measurement, there were significant difference from intercellular fluid, protein, mineral mass, weight, percent body fat, body water of left arm and BMI between Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin. 3) In the body composition of male, Taeumin group showed that the arms were more developed than the legs and the upper trunk were more developed than the lower trunk. Soumin group showed the asymmetry of the right and left limbs. Soyang group showed the asymmetry of the right and left arms. In the body composition of female, Taeumin group showed the asymmetry of the right and left upper limbs. Conclusion : There are significant relationships between Sasang Constitutions, Body composition and BMI. The findings indicated here Body composition could be useful mean to make a diagnosis of the body shape, body type, physical constitution of Sasang constitutions.

The Clinical Study on the Body Weight Loss of Taeumin Inpatients in Stroke by Sasang Constitutional Medicinal Treatment. Purpose: It has been frequently noted that overweight and obesity have a stronger relationship to hypertension and diabetes mellitus than to the risk of stroke. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Sasang Constitutional Medicinal treatment in the stroke patients of Tae-um-in has an effect on local or general weight loss. Methods: Case-control study was applied. The experiment group is the 24 Taeumin stroke inpatients who were in hospital in Kyung-Hee Oriental Hospital from July 1, 2000 to October 1 and received Sasang Constitutional Medicinal treatment. The control group is the 13 Taeumin stroke inpatients who were in the hospital during the same period but didn't receive Sasang Constitutional Medicinal treatment. In the two groups, body weight, BMI, the skin fold(cm) of triceps, suprailiac, abdominal portion, and thigh and the circumference(cm) of wrist, biceps, triceps, and W/H ratio were compared and studied for three weeks. Results: 1. In the experiment group, there were 8 women and 15 men, 23 in total and in the control group, there were 5 women and 9 men, 14 in total. 2. From two weeks later, there was a significant decrease in the experiment group in weight loss, the ratio of loss, and BMI(p<0.05). 3. Concerned with the change in the skin fold of suprailiac portion, there was a significant decrease in each group(p<0.05). 4. Concerned with the change in the skin fold of Chunchu-Hyel portion(天樞穴), thigh and in the circumference of hip, W/H ratio, there was a significant decrease in the experiment group(p<0.05). 5. Concerned with the change in the value of Lipid Profile, GOT, and GPT, only Glucose(GLU) showed a significant decrease(p<0.05) in the experiment group(p<0.05). As Conclusion, Sasang Constitutional Medicinal treatment in the stroke patients of Tae-um-in has an effect on local or general weight loss.

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to get higher discriminability of the QSCCII on Taeumin. Methods : I analysed each item response rates on QSCCII of those who had been tested and diagnosed as Taeumin, Soeumin, Soyangin respectively by frequency analysis and reviewed Taeum scale of the current QSCCII by reliabiliry analysis and discriminant analysis. Results : 1. From the 758 results of QSCCII of those who were examined by professors, I made a revised Taeum scale which is consists of 17 items including 14 existing Taeum scale items and 3 new items from the other scales. 2. Reliability of revised Taeum scale is 0.5983, higher than that of existing Taeum scale, 0.5922. This means that revised Taeum scale reflects Taeumin's character more reliably than the existing one. 3. Hit-ratio of revised QSCCII on Taeumin is 60.3%, 2% lower than that of existing QSCCII.

Effects of Taeumjowetang on Lipid Peroxidation by Free Radicals and Oxidative Damage of Hepatocytes by tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide. 1. Purpose The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effects of Taeumjowetang in vitro. 2. Methods In this study, antioxidant effects of TJT on lipid peroxidation were determined according to the method of TBA. (Abbreviation) TJT : Taeumjowetang, TBA : 2-thiobarbituric acid. 3. Results : 1) TJT inhibited markedly peroxidation of linoleic acid during the autoxidation. 2) TJT inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radical derived from H2O2-Fe2+ in rat liver homogenate. 3) TJT showed 66% scavenging effect on DPPH radical. 4) TJT exhibited a 25% inhibitory effect on superoxide generation from xanthine-xan thine oxidase system. 5) To investigate the antioxidative effects of TJT on the hepatocytes, cultured normal rat liver cells(Ac2F) were prepared and incubated with or without TJT. After 16~18hr, cells placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM t-BHP for 2hr. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay. In this test, TJT protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and significantly increased cell viability in the normal rat liver cell. (Abbreviation) DPPH : ${\alpha},{\alpha}$-diphenyl-${\beta}$-picryl hydrazyl, DMEM : Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, t-BHP : terr-butyl hydroperoxide, 4. Conclusion These results suggested that TJT might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.

사상의학적 견지에서 태음인(太陰人)의 중풍, 치매와 같은 신경계질환에 다용되고 있는 열다한소탕(熱多寒少湯)은 최근에 그 임상적 효과를 뒷받침할 다각적인 연구들이 이루어지고 있음에도 불구하고 그 정확한 약리학적 기전에 대해서는 밝혀지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 인간성상세포를 이용하여 열다한소탕(熱多寒少湯)이 substance P (SP)와 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)에 의해 유도되는 다양한 세포활성물질의 분비량의 조절을 검토함으로써 열다한소탕(熱多寒少湯)의 약리기전을 면역학적 측면에서 보다 세밀하게 살펴보고자 하였다. 열다한소탕(熱多寒少湯) 수침액은 인간 뇌 성상세포로 부터 LPS와 SP의 동시자극에 의해 생성되는 세포활성물질중 interleukin (IL)-1, IL-4, IL-6 및 tumor necrosisfaccor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$)의 분비를 농도의존적으로 억제했다. 그러나 interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) 및 IL-2의 분비 조절에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그리고 항 IL-$1{\beta}$ 항체에 의해 SP 유도성 TNF-${\alpha}$ 분비의 증가가 억제되기 때문에 IL-1은 TNF-${\alpha}$ 증가를 매개하는 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. 이상의 결과는 열다한소탕(熱多寒少湯)에 의한 급성기 중풍환자 치료 효과가 뇌 성상세포로부터 분비되는 세포활성물질의 조절과 밀접한 관련성이 있다는 것을 암시하고 있다.

ADR유발성 심근독성에 대한 심근세포의 손상기전을 규명하기 위해 ADR의 독성을 MTT정량, NR정량, LDH활성도 및 심박동을 측정하였다. 배양된 심근세포에서 청심연자탕 전탕액의 심근세포 보호효과는 LDH활성도 측정과 심박동 측정을 통해 관찰할 수 있었다. 이 실험을 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. ADR은 배양심근세포에서 세포의 생존능력을 떨어뜨렸고, LDH의 활성도를 높였으며, 심박동수를 감소시켰다. 2. 청심연자탕 전탕액은 배양심근세포에서 ADR에 의해 증가된 LDH 활성도를 유의하게 감소시켰다. 3. 청심연자탕 전탕액은 배양심근세포에서 ADR에 의해 감소된 심박동을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 이상의 결과를 통해 ADR은 신생 마우스에서 적출해낸 배양 심근세포에서 독성효과를 나타냈음을 알 수 있었으며, 청심연자탕 전탕액은 ADR에 의해 유발된 심근세포독성에 매우 효과적으로 방어효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다.

In order to investigate the effect of Taeumjowetang and Herba Ephedrae on obesity-induced rats, after Taeumjowetang and Herba Ephedrae were administered by mouth, and then body-weight, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, Obese mRNA and TNF-${\alpha}$/ mRNA were measured. The reselts were as follows ; 1. The body-weight was decresed with the statistical significance in both the Taeumjowetang and the Herba Ephedrae group as compared with the control group. 2. The quantitation of serum triglyceride was decresed with the statistical significance in both the Taeumjowetang and the Herba Ephedrae group as compared with the control group. 3. The total cholesterol was slightly decresed in both the Taeumjowetang and the Herba Ephedrae group as compared with the control group, but there was no statistical significance. 4. The manifestation of Obese mRNA and TNF-${\alpha}$/ mRNA in epidymal, retroperitoneal, mesenteric and skeletal muscle tissues were inhibited in Taeumjowetang and Herba Ephedrae group. According to the above results, Taeumjowerang and Herba Ephedrae were recognized to be helpful for the treatment of obesity.

To evaluate the effect of Yuldahansotang(YHT) water extract on cultuted mouse spinal sensory neuron which was inhibited by xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX)-induced oxigen radicals, MIT assay, NR assay, Neurofilament enzymeimmuno assay and LDH activity assay were carried our after the cultured mouse spinal sensory neuron were preincubated with various concentrations of YHT water extract for 3 hours prior to exposure of XO/HX. The results obtained were as follows: 1. XO/HX, a oxigen radical, decreased the survival rate of the cultured mouse spinal sensory neuron cells on NR assay and MTT assay. 2. MTT50 value and NR50 value pf XO/HX were 20 mU/ml XO/0.2 mM HX and 40 mU/ml XO/0.2 mM HX. 3. YHT water extract have efficacy of increasing neurofilament. 4. YHT water extract have efficacy of increasing LDH activity. From above the results, It is concluded that YHT has marked efficacy as a treatment for the damages caused in the XO/HX-mediated oxidative process.

Purpose This study was designed co determine the possibility of HLA typing in the objeccification of constitution. Methods We selected 100 patients who showed Taeyang characteristics, and divided them into Soum-inclined group and Soyang-inclined group. HLA-A, B, DRBI typing was perfomed by ARMS-PCR and PCR-SSOP method. Results Taeyang characteristic group as a whole showed significant difference in A1, A11, B37, B70/71, DRBI*15,DRB1*14 alleles in comparison with normal control group. Soum-inclined group showed significant difference in All, B70/71, Soyang-inclined group in DRBl*15, hard drinker group in DRBl*15, DRBl*13, drink-rejecting group in All, B37, DRBl*7, DRB1*14 in comparison with normal control group. Conclusion : There were significant relations between constitutional information and HLA types.

The tremor which has been showed most frequently in the clinic has various reasons, which is common in the dyskinesias and has rhythmic vibration involuntarily. The purpose of this study is to give an account of the effects of the Korean herbal medicine therapy which is based on the constitutional medicine for the patient who has suffered from tremor which is accompanied with diarrhea in the lacunar infarction. The subject is a 70-year-old woman who has had the symptoms caused by lacunar infarction, which are tremor, right side weakness, right facial palsy, dizziness, chest discomfort, and chronic diarrhea, dipsia, abdominal discomfort, andominal pain and so forth. We have diagnosed her as Shaoyangin(少陽人) Mangyin(亡陰證) and have prescribed Huashi Kushen Tang(滑石苦蔘湯) in accordance with the principle of Pyoeumganggi(表陰降氣). The consequence is that the accompanied tremor and diarrhea and general depressed condition have improved.

1. The purpose of this study This study was performed on the basis of clinical consideration about rhinitis patients who suffered from sneeze, rhinorrhea, rhinocleisis and etc. And we checked the clinical inclination of this disease and the characteristic treatments of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. The method of this study For 17 months from October in 1999 to April in 2001 we selected outpatients who had consulted for rhinitis more than twice in the department of the Sasang Constitution of the Bundang Oriental medical hospital, Dongguk University, and 31 of those were confirmed of their course of treatment. From their medical records and history, we learned the general characterisics and patterns of rhinitis, and the qualities and effects of its various treatment. 3. The result of this study The result were as follows ; 1) The rate of patients who have had the symptoms over the two years was 74.2%. 2) In the distribution of chief symptoms, sneeze occupied 80.6% of all appealed symptoms, rhinocleisis 77.4%, rhinorrhea 71.0%, intranasal pruritus 54.8%, postnasal drip 16.1%, orderly. 3) The treatment period was about 30days. The method of treatment was the Herb-med Tx, acupuncture Tx and etc. The herb-med ingestion was about two times in that period. 4) On the effect of treatment, Sneeze and rhinocleisis were improved. 5) The symptoms of rhinitis was more depravated by fatigue and stressful condition than weather condition. This result shows that the improvement of general condition has an effect on the rhinitis treatment.