• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2009

최근 장기간에 걸친 주택경기 침체 수요와 공급의 불균형에 의한 정적재고 증가, 수요자의 주거선호 변화 등으로 인해 차별화의 개념이 주택시장에서 경쟁우위 확보의 주요 요소로 대두되고 있다. 동일한 단위 평면 안에서 마감재 디자인 요소의 차별화에 의해 수많은 마감재 정보가 발생되고 고급화된 사양 선택으로 인하여 공동주택 단위 세대 내부의 마감 원가가 상향되고 있다. 본 연구는 현행 마감재 설계 단계의 프로세스를 대상으로 마감재 설계 및 대안 선정 시 발생되는 원가관리 측면에서의 문제점과 대규모 공동주택 건설 시 대량으로 발생하는 디자인정보, 원가정보, 작업정보 관리 측면에서 마감재 정보관리 문제점을 도출하고, 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 마감재 설계 및 대안 선정 시 원가관리와 정보를 관리 할 수 있도록 마감재의 디자인, 원가, 작업 정보를 통합하였다. 또한 프로젝트 원가관리 요소별 개선을 통해 원가기반의 마감재 정보 관리 프로세스를 제안하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.653-663
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• 2022

Research activities and discussions on specialized areas reflecting the specificity of landscape construction are necessary. Therefore, this study was conducted with the purpose of presenting basic data for efficient field management by deriving items necessary for safety management in landscape construction fields through experts' opinions. A survey was conducted using Delphi analysis to derive "management items" and "safety management items according to landscape type" for landscape construction field safety for a total of 15 landscape construction specialists. The survey results showed that four top items were derived from the "management items" for the safety of landscape construction fields; they include: "safety and health management organization and education," "industrial safety and health management expenses," "payment of personal protection," and "establishment of safety measures." In addition, two to five items for each higher item appeared and resulted in a total of 13 lower items. Personnel, organization, budget, etc. for safety management are always required in the field, and the monitoring part of whether these elements are working was also taken up as a management item. In the "Management items according to each landscape construction" a total of eight landscape type were distinguished, they include: 'Reinforced concrete work', 'Masonry work', 'Plaster's work', 'Waterproof work', 'Stone masonry work', 'Pavement work', 'Facilities work', and 'Planting work'. Furthermore, two to seven sub-items for each construction type were derived, and a total of 35 management items were presented.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.67-68
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• 2016

In construction management, BoQ(Bill of Quantities) has been commonly used for the cost estimation. However, many problems have been recognized about the work items used in the BoQ that could be varied by the experience and knowledge of the estimators or the project. Also, there are lots of work items that have to be written in BoQ even though the cost proportion of those items is relatively lower than the others. In this study we consider the way how to organize optimally the work items through the analysis of case. The results of this study could be useful for improving the efficiency of preparing construction BoQ and conducting Quantity take-off in our construction management practices.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2010

최근의 공동주택 마감재는 고급화 다양해지고 있으며, 그 종류는 기하급수적으로 증가 하고 있다. 또한 공동주택 사업 초기의 마감재 디자인 설계 및 대안 선정 단계에서 수많은 마감재 정보가 생성, 변경 되고 있다. 그러나 초기단계에서 마감재정보들은 체계적으로 관리되지 못하고 있는 실정이고 이는 마감재 원가 관리의 문제점으로 작용하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 공동주택 프로젝트 초기 단계에서 발생되는 마감재 정보를 관리하기 위한 방안으로 원가기반의 정보관리 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안된 시스템을 구축하기 위하여 시스템의 개념 및 구성을 통하여 정보관리 시스템을 설계 하였다. 마감재 정보 초기값 구축, 대안별 정보관리, 원가고정 또는 원가변경의 조건별 마감재 선정 시나리오를 설정한 후 프로젝트 관리자, 인테리어 디자이너, 시공자등 프로젝트 참여자 측면에서 활용할 수 있으며, 참여자간 의사를 조정할 수 있는 원가기반의 마감재 정보관리 시스템의 프로토타입을 구현 및 적용하였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

Under limited resources such as budgets and experts, it is essential to set promotion priorities for standardization work items on IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) multi-networking technologies. Opinions of domain experts are surveyed and analyzed utilizing a multi-criteria decision making tool, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Weights of ten evaluation criteria are identified and applied to calculating importance degree of eight work items. According to descending order of importance degree, priorities of work items are determined. The processes and results of this study may provide not only an approach of setting promotion priorities for standardization work items but also a practical guide of implementing of a multi-criteria decision analysis.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.59-79
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale for the multidimensional assessment of work-family spillover in working couples with children. The subjects of this study were working wives and husbands with children in Daegu. Two surveys were administered, eliciting 243 respondents and 227 respondents, respectively. Then a series of tests were run to analyze the data, including item-to-total correlation, Cramer's V coefficients, item discrimination, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results yielded that, first, a preliminary 102 items were developed on the basis of the literature review, and this was narrowed down to 72 items selected with the help of experts. Through preliminary, primary and secondary survey analysis, the scale for the multidimensional assessment of work-family spillover was developed and validated, with a 36 items scale, 18 items for work to family spillover and 18 items for family to work spillover. Furthermore, the scale constructed three spillover processes - time interference, energy depletion, and psychological distraction - and consisted of four different domains of family life into which spillover occurs - namely marital relationship, parent-child relationship, leisure, and housework. The internal reliability was evaluated to show a confidence range of .85 ~.92 for each factor.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

본 연구는 공간 특성이 서로 다른 주거공간과 사무공간의 조명환경 평가구조에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 파악하고, 분위기항목과 행위항목과의 관계를 정립하는데 목적을 두고 먼저 조명환경에 대한 평가항목으로써 20개의 분위기항목과 15개의 행위항목을 선정하였다. 그리고 SD법에 의한 주관평가실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 공간의 특성이 달라도 조명환경의 분위기평가는 <활동성>, <안정감>, <고급감>의 3인자로 설명이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 행위 인자에 있어서는 주거공간의 경우 <작업행위>,<휴식행위>,<오락행위>의 3인자가 추출되었고, 사무공간의 경우 <작업행위>, <비작업행위>의 2인자가 추출되었다. 주거공간에서의 3가지 행위인자를 설명하는데 있어서 가장 커다란 영향을 미치는 분위기인자는 <활동성>인자로 나타났으며, 사무공간의 경우, <작업행위>는 <활동성>인자가, <비작업행위>는 <고급감>인자가 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 1991

In order to investigate industrial fatigue due to visual display terminal (VDT) work of banking operations the questionnaire survey for subjective symptoms of fatigue was carried out on 470 bank clerks who had been engaged in VDT work for various length of work hours. The questionnaires comprised three groups of 10 items each, representing dullness and sleepiness (level of cerebral activation), difficulty in concentration (level of motivation) and bodily projection of fatigue. The results were as follows : 1. Of the 30 items of questionnaires, the highest percentage was accounted for by 'eye strain' (51.5% ), followed by 'feel stiffness in the neck or the shoulders'(33.4%), 'feel a pain in the low back'(26.8%), 'whole body feels tired'(19.6%) and 'feel headache'(17.9%) in the order of sequence. 2. The average weighted score for the first group of questionnaire items (dullness and sleepiness) was the largest among three groups and was followed by 'the third cup (bodily projection of fatigue) and the second item group (difficulty in concentration) in the order of sequence, suggesting the heavier mental stress of VDT work in banking operations rather than physical burden. 3. In terms of the age and sex of workers, work duration and VDT work percentage, the difference in average weighted score was noted only between sex, the score of female being larger than that of male. 4. The complaint rates of subjective symptoms showed close associations with the subjective optimums of room temperature, ventilation, illumination and noise level. 5. The significant correlation was showed between age, work duration and item of 'whole body feels tired', between VDT work percentage and items of 'eye strain' and 'feel stiffness in the neck or shoulders' and between all items of subjective symptoms.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.92-93
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• 2019

Estimates based on BIM makes it possible to perform from quantity take-off to construction cost estimates by using model, which is made in the phase of design and construction. As the BIM models are made up of the units of element, there an advantage of the automative quantity take-off, if the correction or change of element occurs. Work items, not included in the elements of the BIM model, are excepted from bill of quantity. Level of detail(LoD) of the BIM model can be improved for detailed estimates, but an excessive modeling for estimates is inefficient. This study presents the measure for selection and quantity take-off of work items, those are not expressed in the BIM model. The proposed method avoids the creation of excessive BIM Models and enables quantity take-off in conjunction with the element.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.655-664
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the qualities and problems to be solved to strengthen the vocational competency of dental hygienists and to identify the work to be institutionally established. Methods: From April 1 to May 30, 2019, a total of 325 people participated (152 registered dental hygienists: RDH, 173 students of dental hygiene: SDH) in this study. The survey items were as follows: "job awareness" (6 items), "problem to be solved to strengthen vocational competency" (5 items), "qualities to be equipped to strengthen"competency" (9 items), and "practical work to be institutionally established" (4 items). Results: RDH and SDH had the highest perception of professionalism (3.68, 3.99 points), and low remuneration against work (4.21, 4.18 points) was perceived as the most important problem to be solved. The qualities for competency reinforcement showed the highest results in expertise knowledge (4.68, 4.64 points) and vocation for job (3.76, 4.09 points). Practical work to be established institutionally appeared as follows: X-ray film reading, dental hygiene diagnosis, periodontal pocket measurement, and periodontal pockets (<6 mm) treatment. Conclusions: This study is expected to be actively used to strengthen the vocational competency among dental hygienists, construct work autonomy, and rationalize and legalize practical work.