• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제52권3호
• /
• pp.170-178
• /
• 2019

Objectives: To determine the epidemiological features of patients and animals after bites/scratches from rabies-suspected animals in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: Data from all patients (and the causative animals) admitted to the Antirabies Service of the Institute for Health and Food Safety Zenica in the 2009-2017 period were analyzed, including age, sex, anatomical site of the bite/scratch, animal type (stray/owned/wildlife), veterinary observations of the animal, and whether antirabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was indicated and/or administered. Results: In total, 1716 patients were admitted. Bites/scratches were most frequently recorded during April and May (n=181, 10.5% and n=163, 9.5%, respectively). The persons admitted were mostly from the Zenica municipality (n=1278, 74.5%; incidence: 11.55/1000), which is 66.6% urbanized. Males were more frequently represented (n=1089, 63.6%). The patients were mostly 50-64 and 25-49 years of age (n=425, 24.7% and n=390, 22.7%, respectively). Dog bites were the most common cause (n=1634, 95.1%, of which n=1258, 77.0% were caused by stray dogs). PEP was indicated for 997 (58.1%) patients. Only 340 (19.9%) animals underwent veterinary observations (3.1% of stray and 76.1% of owned animals). The largest number of injuries were presented at lower extremities, 1044 (60.8%) cases. Conclusions: Zenica-Doboj Canton is a rabies-free region. Due to the high rate of stray animals not undergoing veterinary observations, the non-existence of a unique dog registry, and the consequent lack of information about stray animals in terms of number, vaccination, neutering, and euthanasia, there is an urgent need for improving the prevention and control of rabies within the One Health framework.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.295-300
• /
• 2019

현대 사회는 융합의 시대이며, 스토리텔링에 있어서도 감성적 이야기와 정보라는 두 가지 유형의 데이터 타입 형태가 융합된 스토리텔링의 필요성이 요구되어지고 있다. 특히, VR 콘텐츠의 경우, $360^{\circ}$ 공간을 자유롭게 탐색하는 과정을 통해서 정보를 선택하는 등, 사용자가 콘텐츠에 직접적으로 관여하게 되며, 이에 즉각적으로 대응할 수 있는 인터랙션(Interaction-상호작용)이 이루어져야 한다. 따라서 기존의 스토리텔링 방식으로의 접근으로는 한계가 있으며, 감성과 정보의 두 영역을 충족시키는 '융합형 스토리텔링'의 구현이 절실한 장르라고 판단되어 진다. 본 논문에서는 VR 콘텐츠의 이해에 있어 특히 공간적 특성을 위주로 살펴본 후, VR 콘텐츠에서 '융합형 스토리텔링'을 효과적으로 구현하기 위한 방안으로, 콘텐츠의 스토리 구조 유형에 대한 고찰을 통하여 VR 콘텐츠에 적합한 스토리텔링 유형을 서클(Circle) 구조로 정리하여 맞춤 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 토대로, 향후에는 진정한 4차 산업혁명 시대의 VR 콘텐츠와 인터랙션을 위한 컨텍스트(context) 인식 과정을 활용하여 기술이 감성과 정보의 두 가지 영역을 충족시키는 개인 맞춤형 시스템의 연구로 발전되어질 것을 기대한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2019

인공지능은 기술개발 속도가 가속화되어 생활, 의료, 금융 서비스 및 자율자동차 등 산업 전반에 적용되고 있다. 4차 산업혁명 시대의 핵심기술로 자리 잡고 있는 인공지능 경쟁력 확보를 위해 선진국들은 국가적 역량을 집중하고 있다. 반면 IT강국으로서의 인프라와 인적자원을 보유한 한국은 미국, 캐나다, 일본, 등 전통적인 인공지능 선진국뿐만 아니라 지능형 기술집약 산업 육성에 총력을 기울이는 후발주자 중국에도 뒤쳐져있는 상황이다. 지능정보 사회의 고도화에 따라 인공지능은 향후 국가의 산업경쟁력을 좌우할 기반기술인바, 국가적인 관심과 역량 결집이 필요하다. 또한 인공지능 기술의 종속을 막기 위하여 자체 기술개발 노력과 함께 선두업체와의 공동 개발이 중요하다. 이에 더하여 인공지능 시장 저변 확대를 위하여 제도 개선과 법률적 기반 마련이 시급하다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.76-86
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the experience of school health teachers in regard to the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using content analysis. Ten school health teachers were recruited from 6 elementary schools, 2 middle schools and 2 high schools in Seoul, using purposive sampling. They participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews in person or using an online communication system from January to February, 2021. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three main categories and nine generic categories emerged from the analysis. Firstly, it was discovered that school health teachers had psychological and physical stress to cope with COVID-19 due to the 1) fear of the unexpected infectious disease, 2) burden of having to deal with it alone, 3) breakdown of personal life and physical exhaustion and 4) heavy duty as a health teacher caused by the lack of an organic cooperation system with institutions related to school infectious diseases. Secondly, school health teachers had an increased sense of empowerment in regard to infectious disease management as a result of 1) feeling rewarded and appreciated and 2) gaining confidence and trust in infectious disease management. Finally, school health teachers experienced the urgent need for an effective response strategy for infection control because of the 1) confusion over infectious disease response due to lack of practical manuals applicable to the field as well as training, 2) disappointing response system without an expert response team dedicated to managing infectious diseases in schools, and 3) growing awareness of the need for change. Conclusion: It is expected that school health teachers' experience of COVID-19 will be used as important data for building effective and advanced school infectious disease response systems.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.345-350
• /
• 2021

미용(美容)산업의 폭발적 발전 속에서 피부관리사는 과중한 업무 강도나 무리한 근무시간으로 인해 건강과 직무(職務) 태도에 부정적 영향을 받게 됨에 따라 근무 환경이나 직무 심리에 대한 시급한 연구가 필요하다. 이에 가설을 설정하여 매뉴얼 테크닉과 연계한 피부관리사의 직무 효능감과 직무만족도에 미치는 주요 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 연구 결과 피부미용 매뉴얼 테크닉이 피부관리사의 직무 효능감에 미치는 영향에서는 강찰법이 많은 영향을 미쳤으며 직무만족도를 유발하는 영향에서는 유연법, 고타법, 진동법이 유의적 영향을 미쳤다. 피부관리실에서 고객의 시술 목적과 적용 범위에 따른 심화된 매뉴얼 테크닉의 연구와 개발은 피부관리사의 직무 효능감과 직무만족도뿐만 아니라 고객 만족을 위하여 필요하기 때문에 본 연구는 피부관리사의 직무심리의 후속 연구에 기초자료로 활용되리라 사료한다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.303-315
• /
• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze Korea's trade relations centered on the Pacific Alliance (PA), a major economic integration in Latin America, and identify its problems and suggest measures that can be taken by the government and corporations to reinforce economic cooperation. Design/methodology/approach - To improve the level of contribution of the study, an empirical analysis is necessary. However, due to limited data access, the study will approach the topic of trade relations between Korea and the PA with various statistics and literature. Findings - First, there is an urgent need for changes in import-export goods between Korea and the PA, as trade is focused on specific items. Second, although foreign direct investment from Korea to the PA is centered in manufacturing and mining industries, there should be different investment strategies by countries and industries. Third, it is necessary to reinforce commercial cooperation. Korea currently has Free Trade Agreements with Chile, Peru, and Columbia, but not with Mexico, the largest trading partner among the PA. Therefore, Korea must take active measures to sign an FTA with Mexico, which has been put on hold. Research implications or Originality - Latin America has the most thriving market when it comes to Free Trade Agreements worldwide. With the official establishment of the Pacific Alliance (PA) in 2012, the economic integration of Latin America faced entirely new circumstances. Reinforcing economic cooperation with the PA is extremely important for Korea in terms of entering and dominating the Latin American market. However, there is still a lack of research on the Pacific Alliance, and corporations that aim to enter the Latin American market face difficulties due to lack of information. By investigating the Pacific Alliance and its prospects and analyzing the trade relations with Korea, this study will provide strategic measures for corporations that wish to enter the Latin American market.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2020

도시가 확장되고 지하시설물 관련 공사가 늘어남에 따라 지하시설물 관로 네트워크를 3차원으로 분석할 수 있는 기술이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 국내에서는 2015년부터 15종의 지하정보(지하시설물, 지하구조물, 지반)를 3차원 기반 지하공간통합지도로 구축하는 사업을 진행하고 있다. 하지만 현재 3차원 지하시설물 구축은 수작업 기반으로서 구축 방법이 매우 복잡하고 지자체별 수백만 건이 넘는 대용량 데이터를 처리하기에는 시간과 비용이 많이 발생한다. 본 논문은 3차원 지하시설물 모델의 가공 및 갱신 자동화 구축 프레임워크를 제시함으로써 3차원 지하시설물 모델을 최소비용으로 신속하게 구축하는 방안을 수립하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 지하시설물 가공 및 부분갱신 자동화 기술들은 지하공간통합지도 구축사업에 즉시 현장적용이 가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2021

The enormous prevalence of transferring official confidential digital documents via the Internet shows the urgent need to deliver confidential messages to the recipient without letting any unauthorized person to know contents of the secret messages or detect there existence . Several Steganography techniques such as the least significant Bit (LSB), Secure Cover Selection (SCS), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Palette Based (PB) were applied to prevent any intruder from analyzing and getting the secret transferred message. The utilized steganography methods should defiance the challenges of Steganalysis techniques in term of analysis and detection. This paper presents a novel and robust framework for color image steganography that combines Linear Congruential Generator (LCG), simulated annealing (SA), Cesar cryptography and LSB substitution method in one system in order to reduce the objection of Steganalysis and deliver data securely to their destination. SA with the support of LCG finds out the optimal minimum sniffing path inside a cover color image (RGB) then the confidential message will be encrypt and embedded within the RGB image path as a host medium by using Cesar and LSB procedures. Embedding and extraction processes of secret message require a common knowledge between sender and receiver; that knowledge are represented by SA initialization parameters, LCG seed, Cesar key agreement and secret message length. Steganalysis intruder will not understand or detect the secret message inside the host image without the correct knowledge about the manipulation process. The constructed system satisfies the main requirements of image steganography in term of robustness against confidential message extraction, high quality visual appearance, little mean square error (MSE) and high peak signal noise ratio (PSNR).

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2020

While the importance of barrier-free and fire evacuation design is highlighted in architectural design education, systemic analysis, and examination on such performances are still challenging due to methodological lacks. The present study investigates the effectiveness of BIM-based human behavior simulation for architecture major students' analytical examinations to promote barrier-free and fire evacuation performances. To achieve such an aim, quasi-experiments were conducted, which compare 50 students' analysis and examination scores according to the use and non-use of the simulation, and the data were collected via participants' survey and interview. As a result, T-Test and MANOVA analyses indicate that, compared with its non-use counterpart, the use of human behavior simulation better facilitates the students' (1) examination of the physical properties and dimensions for the disabled's accessibility and evacuation, (2) understanding of the bodily capacity and handicap of the disabled, (3) examination on the spatial layouts and locations of exits, (4) understanding on evacuees' urgent behaviors, and (5) responsibility as an architect. Based on previous studies, the reasons of statistical results are interpreted as the explicit observation and analytical measures of multiple numbers of virtual-evacuees and direct-experience from body range of the disabled responding to the populated occupants as what they face in authentic reality.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제64권1호
• /
• pp.88-99
• /
• 2021

Objective : The treatment of choice for spinal epidural abscess (SEA) generally is urgent surgery in combination with intravenous antibiotic treatment. However, the optimal duration of antibiotic treatment has not been established to date, although 4-8 weeks is generally advised. Moreover, some researchers have reported that bacteremia is a risk factor for failure of antibiotic treatment in SEA. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics of SEA accompanied by bacteremia and also determined whether the conventional 4-8 weeks of antibiotic treatment is sufficient. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and radiological data of 23 patients with bacterial SEA who underwent open surgery from March 2010 to April 2020. All patients had bacteremia preoperatively and underwent weeks of perioperative antibiotic treatments based on their identified organisms until all symptoms of infection disappeared. All patients underwent microbiological studies of peripheral blood, specimens from SEA and concomitant infections. The mean follow-up duration was 35.2 months, excluding three patients who died. Results : The male : female ratio was 15 : 8, and the mean age was 68.9 years. The SEA most commonly involved the lumbar spinal segment (73.9%), and the mean size was 2.9 vertebral body lengths. Mean time periods of 8.4 days and 16.6 days were required from admission to diagnosis and from admission to surgery, respectively. Concomitant infections more frequently resulted in delayed diagnosis (p=0.032), masking the symptoms of SEA. Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly identified pathogen in both blood and surgical specimens. Seventeen patients (73.9%) showed no deficits at the final follow-up. The overall antibiotic treatment duration was a mean of 66.6 days, excluding three patients who died. This duration was longer than the conventionally advised 4-8 weeks (p=0.010), and psoas or paraspinal abscess required prolonged duration of antibiotic treatment (p=0.038). Conclusion : SEA accompanied by bacteremia required a longer duration (>8 weeks) of antibiotic treatment. In addition, the diagnosis was more frequently delayed in patients with concomitant infections. The duration of antibiotic treatment should be extended for SEA with bacteremia, and a high index of suspicion is mandatory for early diagnosis, especially in patients with concomitant infections.