• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2016

Previous research showed that resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) and pinostilbene (trans-3-methoxy-4',5-dihydroxystilbene) were able to inhibit tyrosinase directly; however, anti-melanogenic effects of pterostilbene (trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene) and resveratrol trimethyl ether (RTE) have not been compared. To investigate the hypopigmentation effects of pterostilbene and RTE, melanin contents and intracellular tyrosinase activity were determined by western blot analysis. Firstly, pterostilbene showed the inhibitory effects on ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced melanin synthesis stronger than RTE, resveratrol, and arbutin. Pterostilbene inhibited melanin biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated B16/F10 murine melanoma cells. Specifically, melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity were inhibited by 63% and 58%, respectively, in response to treatment with $10{\mu}m$ of pterostilbene. The results of western blot analysis indicated that pterostilbene induced downregulation of tyrosinase protein expression and suppression of ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated melan-A protein expression stronger than RTE or resveratrol. Based on these results, our study suggests that pterostilbene can induce hypopigmentation effects more effectively than resveratrol and RTE, and it functions via downregulation of protein expression associated with hyperpigmentation in ${\alpha}$-MSH-triggered B16/F10 murine melanoma cells.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2016

바나나잎의 기능성화장품 소재로써 응용 가능성을 규명하고자 바나나잎 추출물이 피부 미백에 미치는 효과를 B16F10 세포주를 활용하여 cell viability, mRNA 발현 및 tyrosinase (Tyr) 활성 저해 실험을 통하여 알아보았다. 10%의 바나나잎 추출물은 tyrosinase 활성을 저해하고, 멜라닌 합성을 65% 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 정량적 real-time RT-PCR을 수행한 결과 바나나잎 추출물이 tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) / tyrosinase related protein 2 (TRP2) / tyrosinase mRNA 발현을 각각 20 / 40 / 60% 가량 억제하는 효과를 확인하였다. 또한 바나나잎 추출물이 함유된 크림제형의 임상시험을 수행하여 자외선 조사 직후 바나나잎 추출물이 함유된 크림의 육안평가 결과 유의한 미백효과가 있는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 바나나잎 추출물이 미백 기능성 화장품 소재 뿐 아니라 향후 기전 연구 수행을 통해 다양한 산업화 소재로 개발될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

This study aimed to verify the whitening effect of Cordyceps militaris, which is distributed in several countries worldwide, including Korea, Japan, and China, and has various medical effects. To screen the efficacy of C. militaris, the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase, which was 66% at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, was measured. Thereafter, the survival rate of melanoma cells was measured, and cell experiments were conducted at a concentration of 90% or more in which C. militaris was not toxic to cells. After measuring the inhibitory effect of TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase protein, and mRNA expression, which are factors influencing melanin synthesis, C. militaris was found to decrease in all factors, with an expression level that was significantly lower compared to quercetin. This confirmed that C. militaris stimulated with LED has excellent whitening activity and can be used as a functional whitening cosmetics material.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate melanogenesis inhibition of ethanol extract of Polyporus (EP) by using B16F10 melanoma cells. Methods : We measured antioxidant effect of EP by using 1,1-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and we confirmed melanin contents and tyrosinase activity of EP in cells. Additionally, the expression of tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 was observed by Western blot. Results : EP showed significantly high radical scavenging activity and inhibition of melanogenesis in dose-dependent manner by decreasing cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content with or without α-melanin stimulating hormone. TRP-1 and TRP-2 expressions were also suppressed by EP in B16F10 cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that EP inhibits the melanogenesis and it could be a new organic ingredient for hyper-pigmentation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2020

In this study, the efficacy of melanoma cell B16F10 was investigated using the Korean native plant Oplismenus undulatifolius (OU). First, the cell viability of the extract was more than 90% when treated with 15 ㎍/mL of phenolics from OU. The results showed that melanin biosynthesis and cellular tyrosinase synthesis were inhibited by treatment with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-stimulated mouse melanoma cell B16F10 at a concentration of 15 ㎍/mL of phenolics for cell-line efficacy. The expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, TRP-2, and microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) protein was confirmed by western blot to investigate the effect of phenolics from OU on melanin biosynthesis. When treated with phenolics from OU 15 ㎍/mL, tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF decreased the protein expression level. In particular, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and MITF inhibited the production amount to a level similar to that of the non-treated normal group, indicating that the effect was excellent. Therefore, phenolics from OU acts as an inhibitor of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and its transcription factor MITF, and participates in melanin biosynthesis mechanism. These results suggested the potential for development as a material.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.137-141
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• 2019

본 연구에서 금잔화(Calendula arvensis)에 대한 다양한 생리, 화학적 활성을 시험하여 기능성소재 가능성을 검토하였다. 금잔화 추출물은 낮은 세포독성을 나타냈다. 세포독성이 거의 없는 농도에서 금잔화 추출물 처리 시, 산화방지 활성, tyrosinase 활성저해 및 멜라닌 함량 저하를 보여주었다. 금잔화 추출물 농도에 따라 tyrosinase 단백질 발현이 억제되었으며, 이는 금잔화 추출물이 tyrosinase의 활성 및 단백질 발현을 억제시키거나 혹은 멜라노좀 수송 저해 등 다른 요인에 의해 멜라닌 합성을 저해하는 것으로 생각된다. 또한, 금잔화 추출물 처리 시, 항균활성이 나타남을 확인하였다. 따라서 금잔화 추출물은 향후 기능성 소재에 활용할 수 있는 효과적인 물질이 될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2022

Diarylpropionitrile (DPN), a selective agonist for estrogen receptor β (ERβ), has been reported to regulate various hormonal responses through activation of ERβ in tissues including the mammary gland and brain. However, the effect of DPN on melanogenesis independent of ERβ has not been studied. The aim of this study is to examine the possibility of anti-melanogenic effect of DPN and its underlying mechanism. Melanin contents and cellular tyrosinase activity assay indicated that DPN inhibited melanin biosynthesis in alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cell line. However, DPN had no direct influence on in vitro tyrosinase catalytic activity. On the other hand, 17β-estradiol had no effect on inhibition of melanogenesis, suggesting that the DPN-mediated suppression of melanin production was not related with estrogen signaling pathway. Immunoblotting analysis showed that DPN down-regulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a central transcription factor of melanogenesis and its down-stream genes including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2. Also, DPN attenuated the phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). Additionally, DPN suppressed the melanin synthesis in UVB-irradiated HaCaT conditioned media culture system suggesting that DPN has potential as an anti-melanogenic activity in physiological conditions. Collectively, our data show that DPN inhibits melanogenesis via downregulation of PKA/CREB/MITF signaling pathway.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 단삼 열수 추출물의 human epidermal melanocye (HEM) 세포에서의 미백활성을 측정하였다. 버섯유래의 tyrosinase 저해능 측정결과 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 42%의 저해율을 나타내었으며, HEM 세포내의 tyrosinase, 멜라닌 생합성 저해능은 $5{\mu}g/mL$에서 26, 25%의 저해능을 나타내었다. 단삼 추출물의 미백과 관련된 tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein 2 (TRP-2), microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF)의 단백질 및 유전자 양이 감소함을 나타내었다. 또한 그 상위 단계인 cAMP 발현이 $5{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 41% 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 단삼 추출물이 cAMP를 효과적으로 억제함으로써, 이를 통해 tyrosinase 활성뿐만 아니라 TRP-1, TRP-2 그리고 MITF 발현을 효과적으로 저해 한다는 사실을 확인하여 기능성 미백 화장품 소재로서의 활용 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2021

This study was performed to elucidate the inhibitory effects of Alveopora japonica extract on melanin synthesis by measuring the levels of cell viability, mRNA expression, tyrosinase activity, and melanin production in the B16F10 cell line. The effects of A. japonica extract on tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), TYRP2, tyrosinase (TYR), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) mRNA expression levels and melanin content were determined. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR show that A. japonica extract decrease the mRNA expression levels of TYRP1, TYRP2, TYR, and MITF in B16F10 cell line, resulting in lower levels of melanin production compared to α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. Tyrosinase activity assays reveal that A. japonica extract decrease melanin production in B16F10 cells. These results demonstrate the whitening effects of A. japonica extract on B16F10 cells; thus, A. japonica extract is a potent ingredient for skin whitening. Further research is needed on the mechanism of action of A. japonica extract. Such research will benefit not only cosmetics, but also the health food and medical industries.

• 생약학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2021

This study was performed to elucidated the inhibitory effects of 6,8-diprenylorobol on melanin synthesis by measuring the levels of cell viability, mRNA expression, tyrosinase activity, and melanin production in the B16F10 cell line. The effects of 6,8-diprenylorobol on tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), TYRP2, tyrosinase (TYR), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) mRNA expression levels and melanin content were determined. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR shows that 6,8-diprenylorobol decreases the mRNA expression levels of TYRP1, TYRP2, TYR, and MITF in B16F10 cell line, resulting in lower levels of melanin production compared to α-MSH-treated B16F10 cells. Tyrosinase activity assays reveal that 6,8-diprenylorobol decreases melanin production in B16F10 cells. These results demonstrate the whitening effects of 6,8-diprenylorobol on B16F10 cells; thus, 6,8-diprenylorobol is a potent ingredient for skin whitening. Further research is needed on the mechanism of action of 6,8-diprenylorobol. Such research will benefit not only cosmetics, but also the health food and medical industries.