• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 1969

Alloxan is a well known diabetogenic agent which destroys the beta-cell of the Langerhan's islet. The authors investigated the influence of the repeated infusion of glucose solution upon the toxicity of alloxan in the mice. The effects of glucose on the blood sugar content and the serum transaminase (S-GOT and S-GPT) activities in the rabbits treated with alloxan were also observed. The results were as follows: 1. The $LD_{50}$ of alloxan in mice showed a slight decrease by pretreatment with glucose for one or two weeks. 2. The elevated blood sugar level in rabbits induced by alloxan shelved a significant fall for the first 3 days by pretreatment with glucose. 3. The increased serum transaminase activities in rabbits induced by alloxan decreased for the first 3 days by pretreatment with glucose.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.12 no.3_4
• /
• pp.61-66
• /
• 1997

Recently, incidences of pulmonary-related diseases are increasing and natural ecosystem is destroyed year by year owing to air pollutions by industrial noxious gases such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, etc. Sulfur dioxide produced by oxidation of sulfur compounds is water soluble and causes several kinds of pulmonary diseases, damaging on plants and animals. This study was undertaken to investigate effects of acute exposure of rats to sulfur dioxide using biochemical parameters. The sAST (aspartate transaminase) activity was not significantly affected but sALT (alanine transaminase), sLDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and sALP (alkaline phosphatase) activities were significantly increased by acute sulfur dioxide gas exposure. Also sulfur dioxide gas treatment significantly diminished serum cholinesterase activity. The total lipid, triglyceride, total-, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol contents were significantly increased by sulfur dioxide gas exposures. But the body and liver weight were generally diminished in comparison with control group. Our results' showed increased enzyme activities and lipid contents, but body and liver weight were all diminished by sulfur dioxide gas treatment.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.739-744
• /
• 2009

This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic action of administration of Nigella sativa (NS) and Peganum harmala (PH) oils in diabetes and hepatic toxicity. Results show that treatment of diabetic rats with NS oil or PH oil ameliorate hyperglycaemia induced stress oxidative and hepatic dysfunction in diabetic rats. Administration of NS or PH oil to diabetic rats caused an anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities by the decrease in plasmatic glucose level and increase in hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glycogen contents compared to untreated diabetic rats. Besides, NS and PH oils protect the hepatic function observed by decrease of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCh), and increase of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Ch) levels in serum and hepatic tissues. Moreover, a diminution in the bilirubin, transaminase glutanic pyruvic (TGP), and transaminase pyruvic oxaloacetic (TPO) contents in serum and the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels (TBARs) in hepatic tissues are also detected.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.62-66
• /
• 1998

The effect of dietary capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide, CAP) on drug-metabolizing enzyme activities was investigated in mice. Male ICR mice were divided into 4 groups and fed diets containing 0, 5, 20, 100 ppm CAP for 4 seeks. Hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities and serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminease activities were measured. There was no difference in hepatic alanine aminotransferse and aspartate transaminase activities among the groups. Hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 in CAP fed groups, but p-nitrophenol hydroxylase and the cytosolic acitivity of glutathione S-transferase activities were decreased in the dietary CAP supplemetned groups compared to the control. These results suggest that the dietary CAP at a low dose differentially modulates drug-metabolizing enzyme acitvities without causing hepatic toxicity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.719-722
• /
• 2003

The anti-oxidant activities of fucosterol isolated from the marine algae Pelvetia siliquosa were investigated. Fucosterol exhibited a significant decrease in serum transaminase activities elevated by hepatic damage induced by $CCl_4$-intoxication in rats. Fucosterol inhibited the sGOT and sGPT activities by 25.57 and 63.16%, respectively. Fucosterol showed the increase in the anti-oxidant enzymes such as hepatic cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activities by 33.89, 21.56 and 39.24%, respectively, in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. These results suggest that fucosterol possess not only the anti-oxidant, but also the hepatoprotective activities in rats.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.546-553
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to evaluate the biological activity and protective effect of Cassia tora ethanol extracts against D-galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into normal group, D-galactosamine treated group(control), D-galactosamine plus 0.25% Cassia tora extracts treated group and D-galactosamine plus 0.5% Cassia tora extracts treated group. Normal and control group were fed control diet and Cassia tora extracts treated groups were fed experimental diets containing 0.25% or 0.5% Cassia tora ethanol extracts for 5 weeks. Body weight gain and liver weight of rats were not significantly different between groups. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in serum and liver were significantly lower in rats treated only with D-galactosamine compared to normal group, and improved in Cassia tora extracts supplemented rats. D-galactosamine treatment significantly increased serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase, however, the activities of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were significantly decreased in Cassia tora extracts supplemented rats when compared with D-galactosamine treated control group. Cassia tora extracts significantly suppressed the D-galactosamine-induced elevation of liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) contents. Superoxide dismutase activity was decreased by D-galactosamine treatment, however by the supplementation of Cassia tora ethanol extracts, significantly increased in dose-dependent manner. Glutathione peroxidase activity in rats fed diets containing Cassia tora extracts was decreased compared to control. Based on these results, we concluded that Cassia tora ethanol extracts may prevents the D-galactosamine-induced hepatotoxicity probably via an antioxidant mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 1973

Effect of Burdizzor's bloodless castration on blood picture, serum transaminase activity and growth of Korean calves were observed for 90 days period on indoor feeding. The results obtained were as follows; 1. In complete blood count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total leucccyte count were shown only little changes comparing with that of controls. 2. In diffenentiaI count, the lymphocytes were significantly decreased in first week following castration, while the neutophils were relatively decreased (with a relative lymphocytosis) in later period of experiment (2 to 12 weeks). 3. Serum transaminase(SGOT and SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase activities were not influenced by Burdizzor's bloodless castration. 4. On average total gain of body weight, no significant differences were found between castrated and noncastrated groups during the experimental period.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2001

Effect of Quartz porphyry(QP) on clinical chemical parameters of serum in male white java sparrow by feeding the basal diet(Control group) containing 3.0% QP(QP group) for 14 days was studied. Body weight gain, feed intake, the weight of the gizzard and the heart were not significantly different in the both groups. However, the weights of kidney and liver in the QP group were higher than in the control group. The contents of triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and albumin, and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT) in serum were not significantly different in the both groups. The activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) in serum was higher in the QP group than in the control group.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 2013

To evaluate the effect of the saponin of heat-processed ginseng (Sun ginseng, SG), we investigated the protective effect of SG total saponin fraction against adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats. SG saponin significantly decreased the levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine in the serum, but increased the urinary excretion of urea nitrogen and creatinine, indicating an improvement of renal function. SG saponin also inhibited adenine-induced kidney hypertrophy and edema. SG saponin reduced serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased by adenine. Based on these findings, the ameliorating effect of SG on chronic renal failure may result from its saponin.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.197-203
• /
• 1988

The rates of photorespiration and total CO2 fixation depending on leaf ages of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) were investigated. Metabolic rates of glycolate and glyoxylate in isolated peroxisomes were also measured. The rate of photorespiration and total CO2 fixation ability increased with the maturing of leaf, but decreased with senescence. Activities of enzymes involved in the peroxisomal photorespiratory pathway such as catalase, glycolate oxidase, NADH-glyoxylate reductase and glutamate-glyoxylate transaminase were highest in the mature leaf, but also decreased with aging of leaf. Glutamate-glyxolate transaminase activity significantly decreased with senescence, especially. the metabolic rate of glycolate was observed to be lower than that of glyoxylate in isolated peroxisomes. Glycolate seemed to be metabolized mainly to glycine, however, it also oxidized to CO2 when glycolate was supplied as a substrate for glycine synthesis instead of glyoxylate. The conversion rates of glycolate and glyxylate into CO2 increased with the senescence of leaves.