• 충청수학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2012

We define a quarter-symmetric non-metric connection in a nearly trans-Sasakian manifold and we consider semi-invariant submanifolds of a nearly trans-Sasakian manifold endowed with a quarter-symmetric non-metric connection. Moreover, we also obtain integrability conditions of the distributions on semi-invariant submanifolds.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.935-949
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• 2019

The purpose of the paper is to study the notion of pseudo-slant submanifolds and the existence of some structures on a pseudo-slant submanifolds of nearly (${\varepsilon},{\delta}$)-trans-Sasakian manifold. Totally umbilical proper-slant submanifolds are worked out. We discuss the integrability of distributions on pseudo-slant submanifolds of nearly (${\varepsilon},{\delta}$)-trans-Sasakian manifold.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1425-1429
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• 2005

Megaspahera elsdenii YJ-4, which was previously isolated as a producer of trans-10, cis-12 CLA, was studied for its carbon source on the CLA production. M. elsdenii YJ-4, was incubated with glucose and lactose, and cultured in batch and continuous culture systems with linoleic acid at various pHs to investigate CLA production. Batch cultures of the ruminal bacterium, M. elsdenii YJ-4, were resistant to stearic acid and linoleic acid, and little growth inhibition was observed even when the fatty acid concentration in the culture was as much as 4 mg $ml^{-1}$. Stationary phase batch cultures (0.25 mg bacterial protein $ml^{-1}$) that had been grown on lactate and incubated with linoleic acid (0.20 mg $ml^{-1}$) produced approximately 12 ${\mu}g$ trans-10, cis-12 CLA mg $protein^{-1}$ and little cis-9, trans-11 CLA was detected. Some linoleic acid was converted to hydrogenated products (chiefly stearic acid), but these fatty acids were less than 5 ${\mu}g$ mg bacterial $protein^{-1}$. Stationary phase batch cultures that had been grown on glucose produced at least 3-fold less trans-10, cis-12 CLA than ones grown on lactate. Cells from lactate-limited continuous cultures produced less trans-10, cis-12 CLA than those from batch culture, but only if the pH was greater than 6.4. When the pH of the lactate-limited continuous cultures was lower than 6.4, trans-10, cis-12 CLA and hydrogenated products declined. Cells from glucose-limited continuous cultures produced less trans-10, cis-12 CLA and hydrogenated products than the cells that had been limited by lactate, but pH had little impact on this production. These results support the idea that M. elsdenii YJ-4 could be one of the major producers of trans-10, cis-12 CLA which causes cows to produce milk with a low fat content.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.1771-1783
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• 2016

We study lightlike hypersurfaces M of an indefinite trans-Sasakian manifold ${\bar{M}}$ with a non-metric ${\phi}$-symmetric connection. We characterize the geometry of lightlike hypersurfaces of such a ${\bar{M}}$.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2008

We give a characterization of trans-separability for the function spaces ($C_b(X,\;E)$, $\beta$), (C(X, E), k) and ($C_b(X,\;E)$, u) in the case of E any general topological vector space.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.395-408
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• 2021

The object of the present paper is to study f-biharmonic submanifolds of three dimensional trans-Sasakian manifolds. We find some necessary and sufficient conditions for such submanifolds to be f-biharmonic.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.425-434
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• 2021

The object of the present paper is to deduce some important results on generic submanifolds and generic product of trans-Sasakian manifolds with concurrent vector fields.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.375-386
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• 2020

In this article we have studied different types of symmetricness of trans-Sasakian space forms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1604-1609
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• 2003

A metabolism trial with four ruminally fistulated sheep was conducted in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to examine the effect of concentrate to roughage ratio (70:30 vs. 85:15) and oil source (soybean oil vs. rapeseed oil) on the ruminal fermentation pattern and $C_{18}$-fatty acids composition including trans11-$C_{18:1}$ (trans11-ODA) and cis9, trans11-18:2 (cis9, trans11-CLA) in the rumen fluid and plasma. Oil was added to the concentrate at 5% level of the total diet (DM basis) and chopped rye grass hay was fed as roughage. An increased level of concentrate (85%) within supplemented oil slightly lowered pH but increased ammonia concentration. Supplementation of rapeseed oil relatively increased pH and ammonia concentration. Higher concentrate level resulted in increased tendencies of total VFA concentration while oil source did not affect the total VFA concentration and VFA proportion. Whole tract digestibilities of DM, CP, EE, NDF and OM in diets slightly increased at higher concentrate level. Proportions of oleic acid ($C_{18:1}$) and linoleic acid ($C_{18:2}$) in the rumen fluid were influenced by the fatty acid composition of oil source but oil source did not affect the in vitro formations of trans11-ODA and cis9, trans11-CLA. Slightly increased trans11-ODA and cis9, trans11-CLA proportions, however, were observed from the sheep fed high roughage diet supplemented with both soybean oil and rapeseed oil. The $C_{18:1}$ and $C_{18:2}$ composition in supplemented oils responded to those in plasma of sheep. Effects of concentrate to roughage ratio and oil source on trans11-ODA and cis9, trans11-CLA proportions in plasma were found to be small. Proportion of cis9, trans11-CLA in plasma tended to be increased from the sheep fed high roughage diet and collection time at 9h post feeding.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1529-1536
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• 2004

한국인 상용 가공식품의 trans 지방산 함량에 대한 기초자료를 구축하기 위해 한국인의 상용 가공식품 중 마가린 6종, 쇼트닝 2종, 라드 2종, 햄버거 4종, 도너츠 4종, 식빵 2종, 구운 과자 4종, 유탕 스낵 10종, 초콜렛 6종, 땅콩제품 4종, 전자렌지용 팝콘 2종, 닭튀김 4종, 감자튀김 4종, 치즈 2종 등 총 56종을 선정하여 Soxhlet 추출 방법에 의한 총 지방 함량과 ATR-IR 방법에 의해 trans 지방산 함량을 분석한 후 마가린 6종, 쇼트닝 2종 및 라드 2종 등 총 10종의 식품을 GC/MS로 trans 지방산 함량 및 이성체를 확인하였다. IR 분석에 의한 마가린의 총 지방 중 trans 지방산 함량은 5.03~32.73%인데 반해 쇼트닝은 1.98~11.33%, 라드는 1.70~1.96% 함유하고 있었다. 햄버거가 0~5.43%, deep frying류인 도너츠가 0.74~11.10%였다. 구운 과자의 trans 지방산 함량이 7.37~26.54%인 반면 쵸코렛에서는 검출되지 않았다. 닭튀김의 trans 지방산 함량이 0.44~14.85%였으며, 감자튀김은 5.18~27.01%로 상대적으로 높은 함량을 보였다. 치즈의 trans 지방산 함량은 11.34~12.88%이었으나 바싹한 과자와 쵸코렛에서는 trans 지방산 함량이 검출되지 않았다. 1회 섭취 분량 중에 trans 지방산을 2 g 정도를 함유하고 있는 식품에는 도너츠, 유탕스낵(tortilla), 전자렌지용 팝콘, 감자 튀김 등이 있다. GC/MS 방법에 의한 마가린의 총 지방 중 trans 지방산 함량은 8.27~28.53%, 쇼트닝은 8.81~9.17%, 라드는 6.03~8.00%를 함유하고 있었다. 마가린의 trans 지방산 이성체로는 C18:1t의 함량이 총 이성체 중 70.03%를 차지하였으며 쇼트닝과 라드는 C18:1t과 C18:2t의 함량이 각각 50.45와 37.64%, 32.43%와 47.37%였다. C18:1t의 함량이 현저히 높은 마가린의 경우 GC/MS 방법보다는 IR 방법에서 trans 지방산 함량이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, C18:2t과 C18:3t의 함량이 높은 쇼트닝과 라드의 경우 상대적으로 GC/MS 방법에서 IR 방법에 비해 높은 trans 지방산 함량을 보였다. 두 방법 간의 상관성은 $r^2$=0.91이었다.