• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2017

This paper shows the types of deteriorated hiking trails and degrading factors at three Great Walks such as Tongariro Alpine Crossing, Routeburn Track and Kepler Track in New Zealand. The deteriorated trails could be classified into gullying, widening, narrowing, branching and sidewall erosion. Department of Conservation carefully manages overland flows on trails for preventing surface erosion, thus the Great Walks show only a minor problem of gully on trails which is usually active in a mountainous area. Widening and branching of trails caused by tread erosion are not also developed due to the restriction of visitors as well as the management of rainwash. However, despite the detailed maintenance and prevention of an overuse of trails, some trails traversing steep slopes in a alpine zone under a periglacial environment are severely degraded along their sidewalls. It suggests that a unvegetated sidewall of trails has to be strictly managed in an early stage of occurrence and a slope-traversing section should be selected with more consideration when establishing a route of hiking trails.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2016

This study aims to understand the relationship between visitors and the degradation of natural resources in Bukhansan national park. We analyzed the trend of the number of visitors, destruction of natural resources and decrease of biodiversity per year. We further compared three types of trails, heavily-used trails and rarely-used trails and a trail with limited access, regarding the degree of destruction in the National Park through a field survey. Our result showed that increasing number of visitors had direct and indirect impact on the destruction of natural resources in the National Park. The direct impact came from visitors' excessive use of trails. Naturally, increasing number of visitors caused an immoderate use of natural resources. Physical degradation such as exposure of tree root, poor drainage of trails, trail erosion was more severe than other types of trails. Decreasing biodiversity or mild disturbance around trails is the indirect impact such as broken bough, worn-bark in rarely-used trails. Destruction scale greatly increased as the number of visitors increased. Real-named reservation system helped to prevent trails from degradation. Our result calls for the need of controlling the number of visitors to Bukhansan National Park to mitigate the degradation. We recommend dispersing visitors from the heavily-used trails to other trails and implementing real-named reservation system in the rarely-used trails for the effective management of the national park.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate safety and dangerous awareness of environment on walking trails. For this purpose, questionnaire survey are carried out by people who had experience using walking trails during 2016. It is evaluated that environments of walking trails located inside big cities are inferior than ones located in small and medium-sized cities and countryside in air pollution, bed smell, water pollution, noise, and waste. Needs about management and number installed public restroom are high for hygienic environment of walking trails. With waste treatment, users of 2.4 percentage are showed improper behavior that they left their rubbish at the place out of view but others bring their trash. Accident likelihood is highly appreciated and possibility of physical accident like slipping is showed at the highest. The reasons of accident on walking trails are responded with carelessness of walkers and improper of installation or management of safety facility at the most. For safety environment of walking trails, needs of installation of safety fences and notices of dangerous area are requested. In order to separate prevention from paths of walking trails, signposts are needed at visual clearness, maintenance, installation with proper interval and location, and correct contents. Respondents of 2.4 percentage have experiences of accident on walking trails and physical accident like slipping is occurred at the most.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to propose remedial devices through the analysis on the operation status of nature trails in the nine National Parks in Korea. To accomplish these goals, the field survey for the nature trail facilities and their nature environmental conditions and a questionnaire survey also had been done, and 1,102 samples have been collected. Nature trails are usually located where the visitors re concentrated for a certain season or year-round, and ease of the visits guaranteed. However, since most of trails are located along the valley, the courses have disadvantage of passing in a single trail. Also, many trails are using former tracking courses, and the environmental conditions are not satisfactory due to the damages incurred by the visitors. Since nature trails are still on the introductory stage, basic tactics such as the design of courses, construction methods, management skills needs further improvements. As the Natural Parks Act does not have any clear definition of nature trails, it invokes the definition of tracking course instead, which in turn hinders the development of the nature trails. The nature trail system was just introduced to Korean National Parks and a pioneer in the Korea. Therefore, when provincial and urban recreational parks wish to introduce the environmental education programs within each park system, nature trails in national parks can be performed as a role model. Further improvements should be made within the such fields as preliminary natural ecological survey, lacks of professional designers for the facilities, lacks of interpreter and interpretation within nature trails.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

This research aimed to identify walking trails' purpose of its use and the factors that influence the selection. For this, a survey targeting the walking trail users was conducted in 2016 to question the research aim stated above. The mean number of walking trail usage in a month was 2.51 times and the duration of use ranged from one to ten hours, with the average of 2.5 hours. The main reason for the usage was to maintain physical health and the following was for mental relaxation, thus showing more than 90% of the people concerned with physical and mental health. Walking trails near the residences had the greatest percentage and trails that include mountains, rivers, seas and lakes were the following. Trails near historical locations or countryside showed a lower percentage. The choices showed relevance to the proximity as a standard of selection. The next highest percentage was the convenience of transportation. Additionally, people that access the trails three or more times were inclined to be influenced by the installation of exercising equipment. The aspect of facilities showed that the place for relaxation was a significant selection factor such as bathrooms for 20s to 30s and exercising equipments for people older than 50. To access the walking trails, people reach it by automobiles, public transport, walking and bicycles and out of these, automobiles had the highest percentage.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2005

월악산국립 공원지역의 탐방로 주연부식생 구조를 파악하기 위하여 주요 탐방로 5개 구간에 조사구 39개를 설치하여 식생 구조를 조사하였다. 탐방로별 교목층의 우점종은 신갈나무와 소나무, 굴참나무가 조사되었으며, 관목층의 주요 수종으로는 입지환경 요인이나 이용강도에 상관없이 동창구간을 제외한 모든 구간에서 조록싸리로 나타났다. 5개 탐방로 구간 간 유사도지수는 $41.65\%\~66.50\%$로 나타났다. 입지환경별 탐방로 주연부 수종의 차이는 크게 나타나지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

등산은 현대인들이 가장 즐겨찾는 유익한 여가 활동 중 하나이지만 많은 사람들이 자신의 능력과 맞지 않는 등산로를 선택하여 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 이는 자칫 위험한 사고로 이어질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 점을 해결하기 위해 GIS를 이용한 등산로 경사도 분석 방법을 제안하였으며, 이를 통하여 기존의 방법들보다 좀더 빠르고 간편하게 등산로 경사도 분석이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 같은 목적지를 가지는 여러 등산로의 경사도를 비교 분석하여 등급을 책정함으로써 시민들이 자신의 능력에 맞는 등산로를 선택할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2012

This study investigated the user's attitude to the nature trail called Gubulgil in Gunsan reservoir area and evaluated the quality of user's satisfaction of the trails and their facilities by importance-performance analysis (IPA). User's evaluation was achieved through questionnaire survey and total 283 pieces of subjects were used for the analysis. The results are as follows. Firstly, importance value of circularity of trails was very high, and it has great implication to ordinary trails which connect ecological, historical and cultural spots routinely and linearly. Secondly, through the IPA, relatively dissatisfied attributes were parking lots, direction boards, storytelling, convenient facilities and encountering of wildlife. Expansion of parking lots can cause the environmental disruption, so running a shuttle service from Gunsan downtown to the reservoir at weekends can be more reasonable. In case of ecological and historical information delivery, softwares like storytelling contents with sense of realism as well as hardwares of informative signboards are very important in nature trails. Encountering wildlife in trails is fascinating experience but it means visitors may disturb wildlife habitats. So route design should be done very carefully not to intrude their territories.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2003

답압으로 인하여 등산로에 발생하는 난투수층의 특성과 형성요인을 규명하기 위하여 한라산 석굴암코스와 다랑 쉬오름 등산로에서 토양의 압밀 상태와 물리특성을 조사하였다. 토양경도를 비롯하여 건조밀도와 고상 비율은 대체로 등산로 중앙에서 가장 높고, 가장자리로 가면서 점진적으로 감소하여 자연사면에서 최저치를 보인다. 즉 모든 등산로에서 토양의 압밀화가 진행됨으로써 등산로 중앙부에 난투수층이 출현하고 있다. 난 투수층의 형성에는 등산객의 답압뿐아니라 지형, 지질, 토양, 식생과 같은 환경요인이 관여하고 있다. 지형조건으로서 등산로의 배와 출현위치는 답압의 강도에 차이를 일으킬 뿐 아니라 우세작용에 의한 표토의 유실과 지표류에 의한 토사의 운반 퇴적을 통하여 난투수층의 형성에 관여한다. 또한 토성을 지배하는 지질 및 토양조건은 토양의 물리특성을 통하여 등산로의 압밀화에 영향을 미친다. 반면에 식생은 난투수층의 형성에 직접 관여하기보다는 등산로의 확대속도에 작용함으로써 난투수층의 규모에 차이를 가져온다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2015

This study examined the habitat status of wild birds at closed-trails and the control group of opened-trails in the national park of the Baekdudaegan mountains. After evaluating each area based on this, it's aimed at being utilized as basic data for future national park management and opening of trails. Upon field investigations and analyzing existing literary materials, it was found that there were a total of 76 bird species living around the trails. Among them, it was confirmed that 60 species can breeding and 10 species are protected by law. Upon assessing the scores of each area according to the evaluation standards of this study, Area I had 7 scores, area II had 13 scores, area III had 5 scores, and area IV had 16 scores, showing that the control group open-trail area IV between Jeongryeongchi and Seongsamjae had the highest score, and that area III of Wolyeongdae~Chotdaebong~Daeyasan~Miljae~Wolyeongdae had the lowest score. Evaluation of closed-trail according to wild bird species (Avifauna) was attempted in this study, but there were more bird species living in open-trails, while also having higher evaluation scores. Therefore, if opening trail is needed in the future due to excessive desires of visitors or inevitable social demands, it is judged that various environmental factors including mammals highly affected by people should be evaluated to open up the sector with the lowest score. Also, it is judged that through methods such as reservation systems, the number of visitors should be controlled or night-time hikes should be prohibited so that nocturnal wildlife can freely use the trails.