• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.45-63
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to understand the educational traits of Sinchan Kyoyukhak(新撰敎育學) which was the first western education textbook of Hansung Normal School(漢城師範學校) since 1895. The result of this study is as follows;First, the subject of education was firstly regulated by the Act of Hansung Normal School(漢城師範學校規則:1895.7.23). Second, even though this book was authored by the Japanese, Kimura Tomoji(木村知治), it is published for the textbook of Hansung Normal School and I presume that he is one of the employed foreigner by the Joseon Dynasty. Third, this textbook was effected more by the trend of utilitarianism of Spencer and Pestalozzi than that of Herbart's theory which is concerned to the teaching method. Fourth, the theory of three fostering of Sinchan Kyoyukhak(fostering the virtue, wisdom, and physical body) is connected with the Royal Doctrine for Building State(敎育立國詔書) by Kojong(fostering the virtue, physical body and wisdom) in 1895, but the order of those are not the same.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.77-88
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• 2021

Background: In this study, the Capstone Design was applied to the clinical dental hygiene course of the Department of Dental Hygiene, and its effect was confirmed by qualitatively evaluating the students' reflection on the capstone design class experience. Methods: This study was conducted for the "Clinical Dental Hygiene and Practice III" course, in which third year students develop the ability to judge and plan dental hygiene based on problem-solving ability and critical thinking. By applying the Capstone Design within the core curriculum of the class, the students analyzed problems based on their major knowledge of dental hygiene in order to improve their ability to manipulate periodontal instruments, and focusedon the process of developing the contents of periodontal instruments by using them. Results: The application of Capstone Design on clinical dental hygiene and practice III classes increased students' active class participation, and through the problem-solving process, students' learning and confidence improved. Conclusion: The Capstone Design can be viewed as a teaching method that promotes the participation of students in the dental hygiene department and can effectively help their learning and confidence through a problem-solving process.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.243-256
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• 2022

A coupled finite element method (FEM)-boundary element method (BEM) for analyzing the hydroelastic response of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) floating plates under moving loads is firstly introduced in this article. For that aim, the plate displacement field is described utilizing a generalized shear deformation theory (GSDT)-based FEM, meanwhile the linear water-wave theory (LWWT)-relied BEM is employed for the fluid hydrodynamic modeling. Both computational domains of the plate and fluid are coincidentally discretized into 4-node Hermite elements. Accordingly, the C1-continuous plate element model can be simply captured owing to the inherent feature of third-order Hermite polynomials. In addition, this model is also completely free from shear correction factors, although the shear deformation effects are still taken into account. While the fluid BEM can easily handle the free surface with a lower computational effort due to its boundary integral performance. Material properties through the plate thickness follow four specific CNT distributions. Outcomes gained by the present FEM-BEM are compared with those of previously released papers including analytical solutions and experimental data to validate its reliability. In addition, the influences of CNT volume fraction, different CNT configurations, water depth, and load speed on the hydroelastic behavior of FG-CNTRC plates are also examined.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.49-58
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• 2019

Purpose - Consumer behaviors or decision-making process has been changing recently as the consumer environment, including mobile everyday life, has changed. In view of this changing consumer smart environment, this study aims to investigate structural relation about the influence omni-channel propensity and regulatory focus on consideration set formation. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to proceed with this study, we review previous studies and setting hypotheses. The hypothesis was verified through a survey that was conducted for university students with experience in purchasing in less than three months. With reference to previous studies, operational definition was made for the questionnaire design. From 2018 Nov. to 2019 Feb. Survey was conducted on the panel consumers who purchase item within that period. 315 collected survey data were used to verify hypotheses except the data that had incorrect values. This data were used for SPSS/AMOS for confirm hypothesis which developed by researcher. Results - The results of this study are as follows. First, Consumers were considering a more heterogeneous alternatives if they were more omni-channel propensity in the process of forming consideration set. Second, Consumers were more conscious of the price if they were more omni-channel propensity Third, Consumers were considering a more newness alternatives if they were more omni-channel propensity in the process of forming consideration set. Meanwhile, The results of the study on regulatory focus and consideration set relationships are as follows. Consumers were considering a more heterogeneous alternatives if they were more promotion focus tendency in the process of forming consideration set. Second, Prevention focus tendency were more conscious of the price in the process of considering alternatives. Third, Consumers were considering a more newness alternatives if they were more promotion focus tendency. Conclusions - Depending on the changing consumer environment, the omni-channel propensity was shown to influence the formation of the consideration set. Also, Regulatory focus of consumers significantly influence to formation of consideration set. this study also contributes to the development of the theory as well as the practical approach with understanding consumer decision process on smart(mobile) environment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1205-1213
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• 2008

Material is a factor for maximizing formative aspect among fashion design factors. Therefore, central axis of modern fashion is performing various trials for escaping from existing cloth and searching for artistic value. Especially, Korean paper is a formative material, which is manufactured through traditional manual work in Korea. The material is used in various fields on the basis of its aesthetic feature. Especially, fashion field performs handcraft activity on the basis of mulberry pulp, which is a prime material of Korean paper. Because the activity can be reinterpreted by world designers, who want to find motive of fashion material in the third world, it is necessary to perform experimental study for developing expressive form on the basis of diversity of Korean paper material. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to perform experimental study by focusing on the development of Korean paper material in order to express formative feature. The study purposes are as follows. The first purpose is to reinterprete the theory through actual work of fiber formation using Korean paper in the current flow where art and design field are fused and compromised. The second purpose is to suggest vision of material development on the basis of formative feature to fashion world focusing its eyesight to Asia and the third countries. The study results are as follows. First, Korean paper has been evaluated as proper material for the fusion of design and art because of its handicraft feature, long-term preservation, heat insulation, absorption, diversity and eastern feature. Second, the study performed various trials for artistic dress material by developing 12 Korean paper works and suggested the development of new material on the basis of formative feature of modem fashion industry.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.640-647
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• 2002

In this paper, we consider the problems related to the edge visibility on a reconfigurable mesh(in short, RMESH). The following basic problems related to the edge visibility are considered: First, determine if a given polygon is visible from a specific edge, Second, find all edges from which a given polygon is visible. Third, compute the visibility polygon from a specific edge of a given polygon. In this paper, we consider the following problem in order to solve these problems in constant time: given two edges e and f of a simple polygon p, compute the maximal interval of f which is visible from e. We present a constant time algorithm for the problem on an N-N RMESH, where N is the number of vertices of P. Applying the algorithm, we can solve the above three problems in a constant time on a reconfigurable mesh. Specially, we can solve the third problem in a constant time on an N-$N_2$ RMESH.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2011

Purpose: This paper compares practical first aid training and theoretical first aid training in elementary schools. Methods: Research subjects were randomly selected and sorted into experimental and control groups. The former is one class (28 students) of the fifth grade students, and the latter is another class (30 students). In order to verify the effect of first aid training, we conducted theoretical as well as practical first-aid instruction about foreign body airway obstruction to the experimental group, but conducted only theoretical instruction with the control group. Data were analyzed by the ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test, one-way using the SPSS / win 12.0 program. The results were as follows (p=.05). Results: The first hypothesis was that the knowledge of an experimental group would be better than that of a control group. The analysis showed a significant difference (p=.000) between the two groups, supporting this hypothesis. The second hypothesis was that the experimental group would be more accurate than the control group. There was no because of (p=.000) between the two groups on this measure. The third hypothesis, that the two groups would vary over time on the measure of accuracy, was supported by the following observations: the experimental results were accumulated before, two days after and two weeks after the training (experimental group, p=.000, and control group, p=.000). This supports the third hypothesis that the technical performance accuracy levels of complete respiratory obstruction first aid vary over time. Conclusion: First aid training has to include practical education as well as theoretical education in the future, as part of a school's health education for elementary students. Health education classrooms should be prepared to teach first-aid theory and be supplied with equipment for practical exercises. Schools, communities, and private organizations need to carry out the practical education component periodically.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.47-58
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• 2021

Purpose: In general, franchise business models can generate higher returns and profits than non-franchise businesses. Therefore, it is necessary to study customer-based foodservice franchise brand awareness and service quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of service quality and brand awareness of foodservice franchises on attitudes divided into cognitive and affective attitudes and revisit intentions. Through this study, we intend to establish a structure that leads to service quality and brand awareness-cognitive attitude and affective attitude-loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology: In order to verify the hypothesis of this study, the survey was conducted among general consumers over the age of 20 who had visited a foodservice franchise within the last 3 months. Among the collected questionnaires, one insincere questionnaire was excluded, and 299 copies were used for analysis. The data collected to verify the hypothesis of this study were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0. Result: First, it was found that the service quality of the foodservice franchise had a positive (+) effect on the cognitive attitude, and the service quality of the foodservice franchise had a statistically significant positive effect on the affective attitude. Second, the brand awareness of the foodservice franchise was found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect on the cognitive attitude. and the brand awareness of the foodservice franchise had a statistically significant positive (+) effect on the affective attitude as well. Third, cognitive attitude was found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect on loyalty, and affective attitude was also found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect on loyalty. Conclusions: First, this study applied the S-O-R theory to the effect of service quality and brand recognition on cognitive attitude, affective attitude, and loyalty. Second, the structure leading to service quality and brand awareness-cognitive attitude and affective attitude-revisit intention was established. Third, attitudes in this study were divided into cognitive attitudes and affective attitudes. In general, attitude is studied as a single dimension as a cognitive attitude, but in this study, attitude was studied by dividing it into a cognitive dimension and an affective dimension

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.57-81
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• 2008

Knowledge is an essential strategic weapon for sustaining competitive advantage and is the key determinant for organizational growth. When knowledge is shared and disseminated throughout the organization, it increases an organization's value by providing the ability to respond to new and unusual situations. The growing importance of knowledge as a critical resource has forced executives to pay attention to their organizational knowledge. Organizations are increasingly undertaking knowledge management initiatives and making significant investments. Knowledge sourcing is considered as the first important step in effective knowledge management. Most firms continue to make an effort to realize the benefits of knowledge management by using various knowledge sources effectively. Appropriate knowledge sourcing strategies enable organizations to create, acquire, and access knowledge in a timely manner by reducing search and transfer costs, which result in better firm performance. In response, the knowledge management literature has devoted substantial attention to the analysis of knowledge sourcing strategies. Many studies have categorized knowledge sourcing strategies into intemal- and external-oriented. Internal-oriented sourcing strategy attempts to increase firm performance by integrating knowledge within the boundary of the firm. On the contrary, external-oriented strategy attempts to bring knowledge in from outside sources via either acquisition or imitation, and then to transfer that knowledge across to the organization. However, the extant literature on knowledge sourcing strategies focuses primarily on large organizations. Although many studies have clearly highlighted major differences between large and small firms and the need to adopt different strategies for different firm sizes, scant attention has been given to analyzing how knowledge sourcing strategies affect firm performance in small firms and what are the differences between small and large firms in the patterns of knowledge sourcing strategies adoption. This study attempts to advance the current literature by examining the impact of knowledge sourcing strategies on small firm performance from a holistic perspective. By drawing on knowledge based theory from organization science and complementarity theory from the economics literature, this paper is motivated by the following questions: (1) what are the adoption patterns of different knowledge sourcing strategies in small firms (i,e., what sourcing strategies should be adopted and which sourcing strategies work well together in small firms)?; and (2) what are the performance implications of these adoption patterns? In order to answer the questions, this study developed three hypotheses. First hypothesis based on knowledge based theory is that internal-oriented knowledge sourcing is positively associated with small firm performance. Second hypothesis developed on the basis of knowledge based theory is that external-oriented knowledge sourcing is positively associated with small firm performance. The third one based on complementarity theory is that pursuing both internal- and external-oriented knowledge sourcing simultaneously is negatively or less positively associated with small firm performance. As a sampling frame, 700 firms were identified from the Annual Corporation Report in Korea. Survey questionnaires were mailed to owners or executives who were most erudite about the firm s knowledge sourcing strategies and performance. A total of 188 companies replied, yielding a response rate of 26.8%. Due to incomplete data, 12 responses were eliminated, leaving 176 responses for the final analysis. Since all independent variables were measured using continuous variables, supermodularity function was used to test the hypotheses based on the cross partial derivative of payoff function. The results indicated no significant impact of internal-oriented sourcing strategies while positive impact of external-oriented sourcing strategy on small firm performance. This intriguing result could be explained on the basis of various resource and capital constraints of small firms. Small firms typically have restricted financial and human resources. They do not have enough assets to always develop knowledge internally. Another possible explanation is competency traps or core rigidities. Building up a knowledge base based on internal knowledge creates core competences, but at the same time, excessive internal focused knowledge exploration leads to behaviors blind to other knowledge. Interestingly, this study found that Internal- and external-oriented knowledge sourcing strategies had a substitutive relationship, which was inconsistent with previous studies that suggested complementary relationship between them. This result might be explained using organizational identification theory. Internal organizational members may perceive external knowledge as a threat, and tend to ignore knowledge from external sources because they prefer to maintain their own knowledge, legitimacy, and homogeneous attitudes. Therefore, integrating knowledge from internal and external sources might not be effective, resulting in failure of improvements of firm performance. Another possible explanation is small firms resource and capital constraints and lack of management expertise and absorptive capacity. Although the integration of different knowledge sources is critical, high levels of knowledge sourcing in many areas are quite expensive and so are often unrealistic for small enterprises. This study provides several implications for research as well as practice. First this study extends the existing knowledge by examining the substitutability (and complementarity) of knowledge sourcing strategies. Most prior studies have tended to investigate the independent effects of these strategies on performance without considering their combined impacts. Furthermore, this study tests complementarity based on the productivity approach that has been considered as a definitive test method for complementarity. Second, this study sheds new light on knowledge management research by identifying the relationship between knowledge sourcing strategies and small firm performance. Most current literature has insisted complementary relationship between knowledge sourcing strategies on the basis of data from large firms. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, this study identifies substitutive relationship between knowledge sourcing strategies using data from small firms. Third, implications for practice highlight that managers of small firms should focus on knowledge sourcing from external-oriented strategies. Moreover, adoption of both sourcing strategies simultaneousiy impedes small firm performance.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.181-191
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• 2013

In this study, characteristics of cultural disposition and peer conflict resolution strategies and the relationship between cultural dispositions and peer conflict resolution strategies of elementary school children were investigated. In order to achieve this research purpose, the following research questions were established. First, what are the characteristics of cultural dispositions that children have? Second, what are the characteristics of conflict resolution strategies that children use? Third, what are the relationships between cultural dispositions and peer conflict resolution strategies? The subjects of this study were 564(283 male and 281 female) 5th and 6th graders. Research instruments used to collect data were INDCOL and Conflict Resolution Strategy Scale. Collected data were analyzed using Descriptives, t-test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, Cross-tabs and Two-way ANOVA. As a whole, children strongly showed collectivistic pattern and there were no sex differences in terms of cultural dispositions. The distributions of styles were in the order of HC>VI>VC>HI. The distribution of conflict resolution strategies generally were in the order of integrating and compromising>Avoiding>Dominating>Obliging for total sample and there were significant sex differences in the styles of conflict resolution strategies. This study also found that there were significant correlations between cultural dispositions and conflict resolution strategies. integrating/compromising and dominating style were different according to cultural dispositions but there were no interactive effect of sex and cultural dispositions in conflict resolution strategies. Finally, the implications of this study on theory and practice were discussed and suggestions for further study were made.