• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.111-125
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• 2022

Recently, the MZ generation has been leading overall fashion trends, and fashion companies focus on design, marketing, and new products targeting the MZ generation. However, it is expected that a fit problem may occur if the M and Z generations are combined when producing clothing. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the differences between the two groups by comparing the body size according to the classification of the M and Z generations. In addition, this study analyzes whether the body shape of the MZ generation is different from the past generations and analyzes major changes in body size for clothing manufacturing through graphical visualization. As for the research method, a t-test was conducted to verify the significant difference between the measurements for each age group. Generation M was defined as those who are 27-39 years old, and Generation Z was defined as those who are 20-26 years old. In order to examine the changes in body measurements according to the measurement year, the 7th Size Korea and 8th Size Korea data were analyzed. In order to examine the visual changes according to the measurement year and age group, major measurements of clothing construction were analyzed. As a result, it was found that Generation M had a significantly higher height item than Generation Z. Also, in terms of circumference, width, and thickness, Generation M was larger than Generation Z. But the size of the bra cup was larger in Generation Z than Generation M. As a result of analyzing the body size changes, in the height item, the 8th Size Korea measurements were found to be significantly higher in shoulder height and navel level waist height. In the length and circumference items, the 8th Size Korea measurements were larger than the 7th. In the width, thickness, and other items, the 8th measurements were larger than the 7th.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.237-245
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze female adult's body shape characteristics and to provide the basic information for clothing manufacturing. Background: The comparative study among the age groups is very fundamental to understand the body characteristics of each subjects group. Therefore, comparison of body measurements in age groups was applied in this study. Method: The study was fulfilled by the comparison between the data of the $5^{th}$ Anthropometry of Size Korea (2004) and the $6^{th}$ Anthropometry of Size Korea(2010). The subjects were 2,213 female adults aged 20~59 of the 5th Size Korea anthropometric survey and 2,025 female adults aged 20~59 of the 6th Size Korea anthropometric survey. Results: The differences indicated the decreased values in widths, depths, girths regarding the torso region and BMI. "Head height to Stature ratio" decreased significantly in the 6th data, on the other hand, "Crotch height to Stature ratio" increased in the 6th data. Through the distribution characteristic of the age groups by Stature groups, it was convinced that 160cm stature group is the most frequent among all age groups of the 6th Size Korea. Conclusion: As a summary, the meaningful differences were showed between the 5th anthropometric data and the 6th data. According to the 6th Size Korea, the distribution tendency of obesity is very similar to the 5th Size Korea data. But the percentage of obese women declined significantly. Application: These findings from the study can be utilized women's wear design and construction that reflect body characteristics.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.41-57
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• 2006

The purpose of this study were to provide dress forms and men's jacket blocks based on the analysis of their somatotype. As the result of the previous research, based on 1290 males of 20 to 54 year-old, the shapes of adult male were 20 and each body shape was classified by size factor, height and chest girth and master size was selected considering appearance frequency. Somatotype YS(master size: height 170cm, chest girth 91cm) and HD1(master size: height 170cm, chest girth 94cm) were selected to develop dress forms and men's jacket block in the study. The procedure and results were follows; 1. The dress forms of somatotype YS and HD1 were provide base on means of 61 body measurements and cross sections of shoulder, chest, waist, hip of subjects belong to each somatotype. 2. New men's jacket blocks of somatotype YS and HD1 were developed based on the body surface extracted by draping and the result of comparative investigation on the conventional jacket patterns by wearing test. Also the drafting methods of new men's jacket blocks were provided. 3. Wearing test by the sensory evaluation showed that the developed jacket blocks were estimated more highly than existing patterns.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.160-167
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• 2021

The determinant factors of an organism's size during animal development have been explored from various angles but remain partially understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans, many genes affecting cuticle structure, cell growth, and proliferation have been identified to regulate the worm's overall morphology, including body size. While various mutations in those genes directly result in changes in the morphological phenotypes, there is still a need for established, clear, and distinct standards to determine the apparent abnormality in a worm's size and shape. In this study, we measured the body length, body width, terminal bulb length, and head size of mutant worms with reported Dumpy (Dpy), Small (Sma) or Long (Lon) phenotypes by plotting and comparing their respective ratios of various parameters. These results show that the Sma phenotypes are proportionally smaller overall with mild stoutness, and Dpy phenotypes are significantly stouter and have disproportionally small head size. This study provides a standard platform for determining morphological phenotypes designating and annotating mutants that exhibit body shape variations, defining the morphological phenotype of previously unexamined mutants.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.201-216
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• 1998

This study is aimed at exploring a reasonable and reliable method of measuring pre-school children's somatotypes and there by, data basing the information obtained and classifying their somatotypes, at providing useful data which can be utilized for the design of their dress forms and enhancing the fitness of their apparels. to this end, 330 pre-school children living in the capital area and aged fro m4 to 6 were sampled to be subject to the measurement of their somatotypes. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. As the pre-school children grow, the scales indicating their vertical growth including height could well be measured differently, but those scales indicating their lateral somatotypes which reflect their postural changes did not show among age groups. in other words, male kids were higher in the scales including height than female kids, while there were not differences between sexes in most scales indicating their lateral somatotypes. 2. The elements comprising the somatotypes were the size of body skeleton, the thickness of body mass, the posture and shape of body mass, the lateral under-neck shape, the extrusion of belly, the length between front and the back shoulder, the shape of lower belly, the shape of upper hip, the shape of lower hip and the slope of shoulders. Among them, the first two elements accounted for 64.8% of the total distribution, which means that these two elements explain the body-mass somatotypes of kid's most effectively. 3. The sample kids were divided into two types for classification of their somatotypes. As a result, it was found that the elements determining their somatotypes most influentially are, unlike adults' case the size of body skeleton rather than posture or lateral body shape. The type I showed less dimensions in most scales than type II, while their shoulder were les developed,. The type I was found distributed much in 4-year-old female kids. The type II showing more development in each element was found distributed much in 6-year-old male kids.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.153-164
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• 2003

For this study, 148 female adults between the ages of 20 and 60 who satisfied the plus-size judgment criteria took part in this study. Criteria were Rohrer index is higher than 1.5, bust girth larger than 90cm, and RBW(relative body weight) index higher than 110. Using anthropometric measurement values, indirect measurement values, and index values, this study analyzed frequencies, Duncan multiple range, and ANOVA to obtain information on characteristics that determine a representative body shape, by age, 1'3r Plus-sized women. The results are as follows: Physical Characteristics of Pius-Sized Women by Their Age: Women in their 20s md 30s had broader shoulders with smaller waists, with large buttocks and thighs. Among women in their 50s and 60s, body fat level increased significantly in regions such as the chest and abdomen, which made their upper body heavier.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.278-286
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• 2015

Fashion industry has tried to adopt the virtual garment technology to reduce the time and effort spent on sample creation. For garment manufacturers to adopt the virtual garment technology as an alternative to sample creation, 3D avatars that meet the needs of each brand should be developed. Virtual garment softwares that are available in the market provide avatars with standardized body models and allow to modify the size by manually entering size specifications. This study proposed a methodology to develop size specifications for 3D avatars as well as brand-customized production sizes. For this, a man's fashion brand which is using virtual garment technology is selected. And the Size Korea database is used to develop size specification based on the customers' body shape. This study developed regression equations on body size specifications, which in turn proposed a regression model to proportionately change size specifications of 3D fitting-models. Based on the each body size calculated by the regression model, a standard model is created, and the skeleton-skin algorithm is applied to the regression model to obtain the results of size changes. Then, the 3D model sizes are tested for size changes as well as measured, which verifies that the regression model reflects body size changes.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.155-172
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• 2015

This study analyzed the change pattern of Korean male body size in their 40s-60s and their current body shape based on the research materials of the 5th(2004) and 6th(2010) conducted by Size Korea. The purposes of this study are to make the related fashion industry recognize the changes of Korean male body size in their 40s-60s and suggest basic materials for clothing design that reflects such trend. As a result of analyzing changes of male body size in their 40s-60s by age, it was found that height, length, breadth and weight decreased across most of the items as the age increased. As for circumference, as the age increased, waist circumference (natural indentation), waist circumference (omphalion), and abdominal extension circumference increased, while other items decreased. In relation to the depth, as the age increased, hip depth and armscye depth decreased, while chest depth, bust depth, waist depth (natural indentation), and waist depth (omphalion) increased. Analyzing the change pattern of Korean male body size in their 40s-60s according to measurement year, height size increased in the 6th year across most of the body part items compared to the 5th year. It means that height of body parts related to body height increased in overall. As for circumference, most items showed decrease, which means that Korean male's body shape in their 40s-60s gets slim gradually. While the breadth of the chest decreased, the depth of the chest increased. which is assumed due to the increase in exercise according to high interest in health in a society. It will be possible to design proper clothes for consumer body type and trends if we design clothes that afford multilateral attention to the patterns, design, or material in clothing design by applying the aspects of Korean male body size in their 40s-60s and body type change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.454-463
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• 2022

This study aims to provide basic size data for the development of a hip dislocation prevention garment for cerebral palsy (CP) children and useful information for the design of garment products for CP children through identifying differences in body shape between CP and non-CP children and reviewing the tibial-stature prediction formulas of previous studies. Forty-seven Korean children with CP aged 2 to 14 years were measured for body size from October 2019 to August 2020. Body measurements of 18 sites, including greater trochanter length, which is an important site for a hip dislocation prevention garment, were collected and analyzed. Data of non-CP children were taken from same age of Size Korea and compared. Tibial-stature prediction formulas suggested in four previous studies were also reviewed. CP children had significantly lower stature as well as circumferential dimensions when compared to non-CP children. Greater trochanter length is difficult to predict through other body dimensions. Thus, direct measurement is required. Of the general key dimensions used in the clothing industry, only hip circumference could explain the body shape of CP children. Tibial-stature prediction formulas cannot always but tend to largely predict the actual stature of CP children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.11
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• pp.5-30
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• 1987

This thesis attempts to contribute to analyze the methods of pattern grading which is in common fashion in America and Japan and to make the foundation for the basic technique of pattern grading fitting to Korean body shape. There are two types in pattern grading. The results are as follows: 1) The pattern grading according to body shape contains A, B, C, D, F, and G. A is suitable for the bulging part of a body and F is the most suitable for the general part of a body. 2) The pattern grading not depending on body shape has no relation to the quantity of grading in the size of a body but includes silhouettes or design details. The standards of its methods are as follows: a) by the part of body b) by the balance of whole pattern c) by adjusting to the mutual balance of besign details.