• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.29A no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 1992

The state machine synthesizer is widely used to FSM synthesis. In this paper, we developed the state machine description language "state CHDL" such as IF, THEN, ELSE, SWITCH, CASE statements. Also, an algorithm for efficient state minimization and two level minimizer of FSM and graphical user interface-pin map window, supporting the designer with input-ouput effency, are presented.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.441-447
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• 2014

Background: Multi-state models are appropriate for cancer studies such as gastrectomy which have high mortality statistics. These models can be used to better describe the natural disease process. But reaching that goal requires making assumptions like Markov and homogeneity with time. The present study aims to investigate these hypotheses. Materials and Methods: Data from 330 patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery at Iran Cancer Institute from 1995 to 1999 were analyzed. To assess Markov assumption and time homogeneity in modeling transition rates among states of multi-state model, Cox-Snell residuals, Akaikie information criteria and Schoenfeld residuals were used, respectively. Results: The assessment of Markov assumption based on Cox-Snell residuals and Akaikie information criterion showed that Markov assumption was not held just for transition rate of relapse (state 1 ${\rightarrow}$ state 2) and for other transition rates - death hazard without relapse (state 1 ${\rightarrow}$ state 3) and death hazard with relapse (state 2 ${\rightarrow}$ state 3) - this assumption could also be made. Moreover, the assessment of time homogeneity assumption based on Schoenfeld residuals revealed that this assumption - regarding the general test and each of the variables in the model- was held just for relapse (state 1 ${\rightarrow}$ state 2) and death hazard with a relapse (state 2 ${\rightarrow}$ state 3). Conclusions: Most researchers take account of assumptions such as Markov and time homogeneity in modeling transition rates. These assumptions can make the multi-state model simpler but if these assumptions are not made, they will lead to incorrect inferences and improper fitting.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.195-208
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• 2005

The flag State is primarily responsible for implementing international maritime conventions(IMO conventions) and national laws and other standards as far as its own vessels are concerned, on the other hand the port State exercise its rights for the safety and marine environment under international law especially UNCLOS within port and territorial sea. In particular, the port State may take appropriate measures including detention of ships identified as sub-standard vessels which are considered as port State's supplementary role aiming for implementing international and national and regulations. But in the course of implementing port state control, international disputes may happen between port state, coastal state and flag state in spite of making all possible efforts to avoid these disputes. This paper aims to consider legal grounds on port state control(PSC) in international conventions and national laws concerned and deals with contradictions between international and national law arising from exercising PSC by port state control officers(PSCOs).

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.2799-2805
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• 2024

Energy-resolved neutron imaging is an effective way to investigate the internal structure and residual stress of materials. Different sample sizes have varying requirements for the detector's imaging field of view (FOV) and spatial resolution. Therefore, a dual-mode energy-resolved neutron imaging detector was developed, which mainly consisted of a neutron scintillator screen, a mirror, imaging lenses, and a time-stamping optical fast camera. This detector could operate in a large FOV mode or a high spatial resolution mode. To evaluate the performance of the detector, the neutron wavelength spectra and the multiple spatial resolution tests were conducted at CSNS. The results demonstrated that the detector accurately measured the neutron wavelength spectra selected by a bandwidth chopper. The best spatial resolution was about 20 ㎛ in high spatial resolution mode after event reconstruction, and a FOV of 45.0 mm × 45.0 mm was obtained in large FOV mode. The feasibility was validated to change the spatial resolution and FOV by replacing the scintillator screen and adjusting the lens magnification.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07b
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• pp.537-540
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• 1998

This thesis deals with the design problem of the state estimator for digital servo system. Digital servo system has input time delay, which depends on the size of control algorithm. The delayed input is a factor that brings out the state estimation error. So, in order to reduce this state estimation error of the system, we proposes a state estimator in which the delayed input of the system is considered. At first, a discrete-time state-space model is established accounting for the delayed input. Next, the state estimator is designed based on this model. we employ Kalman filter algorithm in design of the state estimator. The performance of proposed state estimator is exemplified via some simulations and experiment for servo system. And robustness of the proposed estimator to modelling error by variation of the system parameter is also shown in these simulations.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.348-365
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• 2013

This paper aims to examine the complexities of the state-nature relations in Korea by emphasizing the complex processes of interactions between the state and nature. In doing so, it relies on the literature of "political ecology of state-nature" which problematizes the conventional modernist views on nature assuming the dualistic separation between the state and nature. First, we critically review the existing Korean literature on the state-nature relation (e.g., the ecologism, the metabolic rift theory, the social construction of the nature, the green state thesis, etc.) and argue that these studies significantly lack the recognition of the interactions between the state and nature. Second, we discuss the possibilities of seeing the state-nature relations from the perspective of political ecology as an alternative approach to the state-nature relation. Last, we conclude that the political ecology approach to the state-nature can deepen our understandings of the Korean capitalist development.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.119-121
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• 2005

The sliding-mode control technique could make a system unstable which external disturbance and uncertainty exists in. This paper suggests a robust sliding-mode control algorithm which can be applied to a linear system with parameter uncertainties. To reduce the chattering effect, the whole system is comprised of using a state variable in which the state's estimated value is added. The condition of estimated state results from state observer. The proposed control algorithm uses the optimal feedback controller following the dynamic system equation which consists of a state variable resulting from its own state variable, controller input, estimated state variable. Through comparison with the time optimal control algorithm using simulation, the suggested algorithm shows the improved stability and robustness while it manifests the fast tracking characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.3
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• pp.166-175
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• 1998

When we make a speaker adapted model using MAPE (maximum a posteriori estimation), the adapted model has one mixture in each state. This is because we cannot estimate a number of a priori distribution from a speaker-independent model in each state. If the model is represented by one mixture in each state, it is not well adadpted to specific speaker because it is difficult to represent various speech informationof the speaker with one mixture. In this paper, we suggest the method using several mixtures to well represent various speech information of the speaker in each state. But, because speaker-specific training dat is not sufficient, this method can't be used in every state. So, we make the number of mixtures in each state variable in proportion to the number of frames and to the determinant ofthe variance matrix in the state. Using the proposed method, we reduced the error rate than methods using one branch in each state.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.339-347
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• 2022

This study proposes the mitigation method for overcurrent and oscillation motor current in an active short-circuit operation. This operation is attracting attention as the safe state of electric vehicle traction inverters. However, the active short-circuit operation generates oscillation and overcurrent of motor currents during a transient state. The proposed method uses two different safe states in PMSM, such as active short circuit and freewheeling. The active short circuit is used for safe state in a steady state. To reduce the overshoot and oscillation, a freewheeling state is injected between active short-circuit operation by comparing the motor phase current with an analytically calculated steady-state motor current. Freewheeling state is only used in a transient state. The performance is demonstrated through simulations and experimental results. The peak current of the motor was reduced from 52 A to 40 A, and oscillation time was reduced.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.971-976
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• 2014

In this paper, we proposed a low power algorithm using state transition ready method. The proposed algorithm defined a sleep state, a idle state and a run state for the task. A state transition occurring at the time due to the delay time created in order to reduce the power consumption state in the middle of each inserted into the ready state. The ready state considering a power consumption and a delay time in state transition. A scheduling step of performing the steps in excess of the increasing problems have the delay time is long. The power consumption increased for the operation step increase. A state transition from a sleep state with the longest delay time in operating state occurs when the state is switched by the time delay caused by the increase in operating time reduces the overall power consumption reduced. Experiments [6] were compared with the results of the power consumption. The experimental results [6] is reduced power consumption than the efficiency of the algorithm has been demonstrated.