• 인지과학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.225-248
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• 2012

시각단기재인 과정에 대한 유사성 합산 모형은 단기기억에 저장된 기억 표상들과 재인검사 자극간 유사성의 합산치가 재인의사결정을 좌우한다고 제안한다[1]. 본 연구는 수직 공간주파수를 달리하는 두 Gabor 자극에 대한 공간주파수 재인 과제에서 과제와 무관한 기억자극의 위치 정보가 재인 반응에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실험의 매 시행에서 참가자는 시야 좌우에 제시된 서로 다른 두 Gabor 자극의 공간주파수를 기억하고 약 1초 뒤에 제시된 재인검사 자극과의 동일성 여부를 보고하였다. 재인검사 자극은 기억 항목과 동일하거나 기억된 항목을 기준으로 공간주파수 차원에서 1 또는 4 최소식별단위 만큼 표적과 유사한 미끼자극이었다. 또한 재인검사항목이 제시되는 위치는 재인이 요구된 기억항목의 위치를 기준으로 동일하거나 혹은 반대편 시야 위치에 제시되었으며, 참가자는 검사자극의 위치변화를 무시하고 공간주파수 차원의 재인 반응만을 요구받았다. 실험 결과 미끼자극에 대한 오인반응(false recognition)은 기억항목과 미끼자극 간 유사성 합산치가 커짐에 따라 증가했다. 아울러 과제와는 무관하게 검사항목의 위치 변화가 있었던 조건의 경우 없었던 조건에 비해 이러한 오인 반응의 빈도가 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 과제 무관련 위치 변화에 의한 미끼자극에 대한 오인 반응의 감소는 재인과제의 요구와는 관계없이 무관련 세부특징이 과제 관련 세부특징에 대한 재인 반응에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여주며, 시각단기기억에 저장되는 정보가 세부특징들의 독립적 표상이 아닌 세부특징 간 공고한 결합에 의해 표상될 가능성을 시사한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2622-2624
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• 2001

In this thesis, speaker separation is employed when speech from two talkers has been summed into one signal and it is desirable to recover one or both of the speech signals from the composite signal. This paper proposed the method that separated the summed speeches and proved the similarity between the signals by the cross correlation between the signals for exact between original signal and separated signal. This paper uses frequency sampling method based on sinusoidal model to separate the composite signal with vocalic speech and vocalic speech and noise masking method based on psycoacoustics model to separate the composite signal with vocalic speech and nonvocalic speech.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송∙미디어공학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.73-76
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• 2018

A Gaussian noise is caused by surrounding environment or channel interference when transmitting image. The noise reduces not only image quality degradation but also high-level image processing performance. The Non-Local Means (NLM) filter finds similarity in the neighboring sets of pixels to remove noise and assigns weights according to similarity. The weighted average is calculated based on the weight. The NLM filter method shows low noise cancellation performance and high complexity in the process of finding the similarity using weight allocation and neighbor set. In order to solve these problems, we propose an algorithm that shows an excellent noise reduction performance by using Summed Square Image (SSI) to reduce the complexity and applying the weighting function based on a cosine Gaussian kernel function. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.597-599
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• 1997

Cochannel speaker separation is employed when speech from two talkers has been summed into one signal and it is desirable to recover one or both of the speech signals from the composite signal. Cochannel speech occurs in many common situations such as when two AM signals containing speech are transmitted on the same frequency or when two people are speaking simultaneously (e. g., when talking on the telephone). In this paper, the method that separated the speech in such a situation is proposed. Especially, only the voiced sound of few sound states is separated. And the similarity of the signals by the cross correlation between the signals for exactness of original signal and separated signal is proved.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.724-727
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• 2000

A Phenanthrene-degrading bacterium, Strain 1-21 was isolated from oil-contaminated soil. This strain was a Gram-negative, aerobic, and rod-shaped bacterium, and exhibited a 99% sequence similarity of 16S rDNA to that of Sphingomonas subarctica. The major cellular fatty acid was a summed feature 7(18:1 w7c, 18:1 w9t, 18:1 s12t), which is a characteristic of the Sphingomonas species. When 200 and 1,000 ppm of phenanthrene was added as the sole carbon source, Strain 1-21 degraded 98% and 67% after 10 days of incubation, respectively. Futhermore, this strain was also able to utilized naphthalene and fluorene as sole carbon and energy sources.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2017

An agar-degrading bacterium, designated as the GNUM08123 strain, was isolated from samples of red algae collected from the Yongil Bay near East Sea, Korea. The isolated GNUM08123 strain was gram-negative, aerobic, motile, and beige-pigmented, with $C_{16:0}$ (25.9%) and summed feature 3 (comprising $C_{16:1}{\omega}7c/iso-C_{15:0}2-OH$, 34.4%) as its major cellular fatty acids. A similarity search based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that it belonged to class Gammaproteobacteria and shared 97.7% similarity with the type strain Vibrio chagasii $R-3712^T$. The DNA G+C content of strain $GNUM08123^T$ was 46.9 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-8. The results of DNA-DNA relatedness and 16S rRNA sequence similarity analyses, in addition to its phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, suggest that strain GNUM08123 is a novel species within genus Vibrio, designated as Vibrio sp. GNUM08123. Agarase production by strain GNUM08123 was induced by agar and sucrose, but was repressed probably owing to carbon catabolite repression by glucose and maltose.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2007

To identify the spatial distribution pattern of water quality in Masan Bay, Pearson's correlation as a common statistic method and Moran's I as a spatial autocorrelation statistics were applied to the hydrological data seasonally collected from Masan Bay for two years ($2004{\sim}2005$). Spatial distribution of salinity, DO and silicate among the hydrological parameters clustered strongly while chlorophyll a distribution displayed a weak clustering. When the similarity matrix of Moran's I was compared with correlation matrix of Pearson's r, only the relationships of temperature vs. salinity, temperature vs. silicate and silicate vs. total inorganic nitrogen showed significant correlation and similarity of spatial clustered pattern. Considering Pearson's correlation and the spatial autocorrelation results, water quality distribution patterns of Masan Bay were conceptually simplified into four types. Based on the simplified types, Moran's I and Pearson's r were compared respectively with spatial distribution maps on salinity and silicate with a strong clustered pattern, and with chlorophyll a having no clustered pattern. According to these test results, spatial distribution of the water quality in Masan Bay could be summed up in four patterns. This summation should be developed as spatial index to be linked with pollutant and ecological indicators for coastal health assessment.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.855-861
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• 2022

A white-pigmented, non-motile, gram-negative, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated CYS-02^T, was isolated from soil sampled at Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. Cells were strictly aerobic, grew optimally at 20-28℃ and hydrolyzed Tween 40. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain CYS-02^T formed a lineage within the family Comamonadaceae and clustered as members of the genus Variovorax. The closest members were Variovorax guangxiensis DSM 27352^T (98.6% sequence similarity), Variovorax paradoxus NBRC 15149^T (98.5%), and Variovorax gossypii JM-310^T (98.3%). The principal respiratory quinone was Q-8 and the major polar lipids contain phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylethanolamine (PG), and diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C_16:0, summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/or C_16:1ω6c) and summed feature 8 (C_18:1ω7c and/or C_18:1ω6c). The DNA GC content was 67.7 mol%. The ANI and dDDH values between strain CYS-02T and the closest members in the genus Variovorax were ≤ 79.0 and 22.4%, respectively, and the AAI and POCP values between CYS-02^T and the other related species in the family Comamonadaceae were > 70% and > 50%, respectively. The genome of strain CYS-02^T showed a putative terpene biosynthetic cluster responsible for antioxidant activity which was supported by DPPH radical scavenging activity test. Based on genomic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain CYS-02^T was classified into a novel species in the genus Variovorax, for which the name Variovorax terrae sp. nov., has been proposed. The type strain is CYS-02^T (= KACC 22656^T = NBRC 00115645^T).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.444-450
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• 2013

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, and rod-shaped bacterial strain designated FW-$6^T$ was isolated from a freshwater sample and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain FW-$6^T$ grew optimally at $10-42^{\circ}C$ and at pH 7.0 on nutrient and R2A agar. Strain FW-$6^T$ displayed ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity that was responsible for its ability to transform ginsenoside $Rb_1$ (one of the dominant active components of ginseng) to Rd. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain FW-$6^T$ was shown to belong to the family Sphingomonadaceae and was related to Novosphingobium aromaticivorans DSM $12444^T$ (98.1% sequence similarity) and N. subterraneum IFO $16086^T$ (98.0%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 64.4%. The major menaquinone was Q-10 and the major fatty acids were summed feature 7 (comprising $C_{18:1}{\omega}9c/{\omega}12t/{\omega}7c$), summed feature 4 (comprising $C_{16:1}{\omega}7c/iso-C_{15:0}2OH$), $C_{16:0}$, and $C_{14:0}$ 2OH. DNA and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain FW-$6^T$ to the genus Novosphingobium. Strain FW-$6^T$ could be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from the recognized species of the genus Novosphingobium. The isolate that has ginsenoside converting ability therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Novosphingobium ginsenosidimutans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain FW-$6^T$ (= KACC $16615^T$ = JCM $18202^T$).

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1996

This is a report on the recovery of vegetation and secondary succession in the burned area studied from April, 1990 to April. 1991. The forest fire occurred in a part of Mt. $K\v{u}mo-san$ on April, 1986 and the pine forest and its understory vegetation were burned out completely. The floristic compositions of burned (B) and unburned (U) areas were composed of sixty eight and thirty one species (vascular plants), respectively. These species were divided into invaders (47 species), increasers (15 species), deceasers (3 species), neutrals (3 species), and retreaters (10 species) on the basis of summed dominance ratio ($SDR_3$). Biological spectra showed the $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type in both the burned and unburned areas. The species of Lespedeza ($SDR_3$=94.7), Miscanthus (91.95), Festuca (68.33), and Spodiopogon (52.06) were dominant in the burned areas, while the species of Pinus (76.67), Robinia (56.25), Quercus (52.08), and Carex (40.25)were dominant in the unburned area. Dominance index (C) in burned and unburned areas was 0.15 and 0.25, respectively. the index of similarity (CCs) was 0.42. The degree of succession (DS) and species diversity (H) in burned and unburned areas were 675.8, 884.2 and 4.07, 2.05, respectively. The degree of succession in the burned area graduall increased and the burned area was recovered to be simmilar to the unburned area. Evenness index in burned and unburned areas was 0.965 and 0.595, respectively.