• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.19-28
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to increase the current understanding of the acoustic characteristics of voices with advancing age. The relationship between age-related changes in body physiology and certain acoustic characteristics of voice was studied in a sample of 80 men representing four chronological age groupings (20-29, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79) who were all of good physical condition. Each subject was asked to phonate the vowel /a/, /i/, and /u/ for as long as possible at comfortable frequency and intensity level and read the sentence. A promising voice analysis program (Multi-Dimensional Voice $Program^{TM}$) was used to measure the fundamental frequency ($f_0$), jitter, shimmer, $f_0$ variation, peak-amplitude variation, smoothed pitch perturbation quotient, smoothed amplitude perturbation quotient, soft phonation index, $f_0$-tremor intensity index, amplitude tremor intensity index, and noise-to-harmonics ratio from the samples.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.14
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• pp.71-98
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• 1987

After 1970s, because of an increasing peoples for higher education and graduate school-oriented education system, quantities of thesis were produced for short term and they began to be an important part of gift materials in university libraries. As an unpublished documents, thesis is narrow in subject, deep in content, irregular is page, incomplete in binding and produce limited-edition during short time simultaneously at most institutions. So most libraries are in difficulties for acquisition processing and circulation. Because of an increasing number of thesis will be produce and cutback of budget, shortage of staff, library service for user will be difficult and rational and efficient management is absolutely essential to library. In form and content, thesis is in distinction with other library materials, they must be handler as an independent item and library will seek an a n.0, ppropriate processing and using method of them. Analysis and synthesis of this study are summarized as follows. 1. In acquisition of thesis, it is desirable that they has an independent accession book with a simplified processing procedure and the binding of them is desirable together with subject field(major or department) by institutions. 2. In classification and cataloging of thesis, it is rational that library use the same classification scheme as other materials and expand in details. Simplified catalog will be reduce the time and/or personnel problem than using the traditional KCR or AACR. 3. As an retrieval tool, author, title, shelf and subject catalog must be prepared in thesis room. Index of thesis will be available for retrieval with the trend of union list and Korean periodicals index (National Assembly Library, Republic of Korea) must include the thesis. 4. Because of the nature and characteristics of thesis, library has to equip an independent room and open stack for the a n.0, ppropriate retrieval and frequent use. Qualified librarian must serve for the efficient circulation service.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.126-131
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• 2013

This case report described a single case of adult stoke patient due to Moyamoya disease through long-term follow-up observation, which included his demographics, brain images, and change of motor function and functional activities. The subject was the 54-year-old male diagnosed with left hemiparesis from a stroke due to multifocal encephalomalacia in both hemispheres. At the time of the stroke attack, he took brain surgery intervention including external ventricular drain. Physical and occupational therapy for stroke rehabilitation were admitted including muscle strengthening exercises, functional activity/ADL training, neurofacilitative techniques with bobath or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation concepts, and compensatory strategy. Patient's MRI showed that right frontal lobe, right peri-ventricular area, left parietal, and left occipital lobes were damaged, and MRA showed that abnormal collateral vessel was richly developed in both hemispheres by occlusion of proximal internal carotid arteries in both sides. His motor strength was improved from poor to good grade in all of upper and lower limb motions, that MBC was improved from stage 1 to stage 5. In FAC and barthel index, at the initial evaluation, he could not perform any functional movement, but his FAC and barthel index were on 3 and 14 points at present, respectively. During long-term follow-up for approximately 4 years, the subject's functional motor ability was improved, as similar with recovery progression of usual stroke patient. We believe that this single case report will provide clinical information and concern regarding Moyamoya disease with physical therapist, in terms of such as epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic procedures, clinical features, recovery process, and prognosis.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.319-328
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• 2015

Domestic kids TV animation industry is settled well in domestic animation industry by adding both entertainment value and educational value. Specially, the character that represents various rolls in the kids TV animation is the core visual element. This study is the analysis for character's subject matter of expression. For this, I established the tool which could classify character's subject matter of expression, and apply the tool to the character which were selected in broadcasting kids TV animations on EBS. Through this procedure, I analyzed character's subject matter of expression with the distribution chart as the final step. In addition, I hope the result of this study could intend to provide the index of the character creation in the kids TV animation and also informed the current situation about the character's subject matter of expression in the kids TV animation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.699-708
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tongue cleaner-equipped manual toothbrush on tooth cleanness, tongue cleanness and malodor index. Materials and methods: 504 subjects were included in this study. At 1st visit, basic information such as age, sex, smoking amount and alcohol consumption was recorded. Self assessment by individual subjects was performed regarding satisfaction to old toothbrush and toothbrushing habit. Tooth cleanness, tongue cleanness and malodor index was assessed by professional researcher. Tongue cleaner-equipped manual toothbrush was given to each subject with proper toothbrushing instruction. After 1 month passed, self assessment and researcher assessment regarding the same index were performed and analyzed statistically by chi-square test. Results: At 1st visit subjects seem to ignore tongue cleansing and showed poor tooth cleanness index, tongue cleanness index and malodor index, however the same subjects were motivated to clean their tongue and teeth and presented statistically improved distribution pattern in tooth cleanness index, tongue cleanness index and malodor index after using tongue cleaner-equipped manual toothbrush(p<0.01). Satisfaction to tongue cleaner-equipped manual toothbrush was 98%. Conclusion: Tongue cleaner-equipped manual toothbrush would be an effective tool for maintaining good oral hygiene through improving tooth and tongue cleanness and preventing malodor formation.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.191-206
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of research collaborations in the field of LIS. While there are several studies under the unit of analysis of country, there are only a few studies under the unit of analysis of institution in LIS field. For this analysis, we selected eight journals in the KCI (Korea Citation Index) web site, which correspond to the field of LIS through subject classification. The collaborative indices, Collaborative Coefficient, Co-Authorship Index, Local Collaborative Index (LCI), Domestic Collaborative Index (DCI) allowed us to comparatively analyze institutional collaboration patterns in LIS field. In the case of Chung-Ang University, Yonsei University, and Ewha Womans University, collaborative research among professors, graduate students, and professors reflected the fact that collaborations among universities are often performed with professors. In the case of KISTI, which showed a very high index value, the characteristics of project-based research are reflected in the research collaboration pattern.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 2010

R$\ddot{o}$hrer index, Vervaeck index and Body Mass Index(BMI) are frequently used in order to judge obese subjects in clothing & textiles field. However, there are no certain criteria of judging the degree of obesity. Each researcher utilized these obesity indices according to their own criteria so far. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to suggest a reliable obesity index and new criteria for judging the degree of obesity. The results are as follows; Utilizing frequency analysis, main percentiles, minimums, maximums and ranges were presented by 5 age groups from twenties to sixties. Obesity rates dramatically increased, the subject got older. Especially, obesity rate of the subjects in their fifties and sixties were much higher than other age groups. 1.6 & higher can be used in the R$\ddot{o}$hrer index, 98 & higher can be used in the Vervaeck index, and 25 & higher can be used in the BMI as the Optimal criteria of the obesity. Total of 24 body measurements and 3 obesity indices were used for analyzing the correlation analysis. All heights measurements showed negative correlation with the 3 obesity indices. It is determined heights measurements have high correlation with R$\ddot{o}$hrer index compare to other indices. Crotch height, interscye back, neck shoulder point to breast point, bust circumference, waist circumference, upper arm circumference and armscye circumference have high positive correlation with all obesity indices. According to the ANOVAs by each percentile group of the R$\ddot{o}$hrer and Vervaeck indices, there are big significances in all measurements and obesity indices except arm length. In general, heights decreased significantly by getting bigger, while circumferences and lengths, widths and indices increased rapidly by getting bigger. The results of the analysis by each percentile group in the BMI, it showed the significant differences in the all measurements except cervical height and arm length. There were similar tendency of differences according to the degree of the obesity in BMI percentile groups. It was confirmed that the BMI is the most reliable index for judging the obesity owing to the high correlations and significant differences with other measurements.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.161-181
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate citation behavior in internet news to research papers of 10 domestic economic institutes and to suggest institutes' impact quantitatively with h-index and various modified indices. Content analysis of 878 news articles that collected from NAVER news site was performed. First, as citing behavior, cited numbers of research papers, preferred news media, speed, source entry accuracy, centrality, subject section, and length by the institutes were examined. Next, impact indices for institutes were calculated by cited numbers using h-index, g-index, $h_s$-index, and $g_s$-index, and the ranking of 10 research institutes were determined by each impact indices. As a result, institutes belonged to upper ranks showed little variation among the different indices. On the other hand, institutes belonged to middle and lower ranks showed variations in impact indices and experts' survey.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.15 no.26
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• pp.111-117
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• 1992

In the stock marketing. investor needs speedy and accurate decision making for the investment. A stock exchange index provides the important index of the early of 1993 in Korea using Fuzzy Delphi Method(F. D. M) which is widely used to a mid and long range forecasting in decision making problem. In the Fuzzy Delphi method, considerably qualified experts an first requested to give their opinion seperately and without intercommunication. The forecasting data of experts consist of Triangular Fuzzy Number (T.F.N) which represents the pessimistic, moderate, and optimistic forecast of a stock exchange index. A statistical analysis and dissemblance index are then made of these subject data. These new information are then transmitted to the experts once again, and the process of reestimation is continued until the process converges to a reasonable stable forecast of stock exchange index. The goal of this research is to forecast the stock exchange index using F.D.M. in which subjective data of experts are transformed into quasi -objective data index by some statistical analysis and fuzzy operations. (a) A long range forecasting problem must be considered as an uncertain but not random problem. The direct use of fuzzy numbers and fuzzy methods seems to be more compatible and well suited. (b) The experts use their individual competency and subjectivity and this is the very reason why we propose the use of fuzzy concepts. (c) If you ask an expert the following question: Consider the forecasting of the price index of stocks in the near future. This experts wi11 certainly be more comfortable giving an answer to this question using three types of values: the maximum value, the proper value, and the minimum value rather than an answer in terms of the probability.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dietary fiber content of rice on the postprandial serum glucose and insulin responses in normal subject. Two rice varieties, Ilpum and Suwon 464 which are different in dietary fiber content, were cooked in pressure cooker and used for the test. The rice with a higher dietary fiber content gave a significantly lower glucose level (p<0.01) and insulin level (p<0.05) than did the normal rice variety. After a meal, the 60-min glucose levels of Suwon 464 and Ilpum were 90.3${\pm}$4.8mg/dl and 111.6${\pm}$2.7mg/dl, respectively. The glycemic index (GI) of Suwon 464 shows 64.5%, which was apparently lower than that of Ilpum. These results indicate that Suwon 464 high in dietary fiber can be useful in low-GI diets.