• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2013

The typhoon wind characteristics designing for buildings or bridges located in complex terrain and typhoon prone region normally cannot be achieved by the very often few field measurement data, or by physical simulation in wind tunnel. This study proposes a numerical simulation procedure for predicting directional typhoon design wind speeds and profiles for sites over complex terrain by integrating typhoon wind field model, Monte Carlo simulation technique, CFD simulation and artificial neural networks (ANN). The site of Stonecutters Bridge in Hong Kong is chosen as a case study to examine the feasibility of the proposed numerical simulation procedure. Directional typhoon wind fields on the upstream of complex terrain are first generated by using typhoon wind field model together with Monte Carlo simulation method. Then, ANN for predicting directional typhoon wind field at the site are trained using representative directional typhoon wind fields for upstream and these at the site obtained from CFD simulation. Finally, based on the trained ANN model, thousands of directional typhoon wind fields for the site can be generated, and the directional design wind speeds by using extreme wind speed analysis and the directional averaged mean wind profiles can be produced for the site. The case study demonstrated that the proposed procedure is feasible and applicable, and that the effects of complex terrain on design typhoon wind speeds and wind profiles are significant.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.439-454
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• 2013

Hollow cylindrical tubes with a prismatic sandwich lining designed to replace the solid cross-sections are studied in this paper. The sections are divided by a number of revolving periodic unit cells and three topologies of unit cells (Square, Triangle and Kagome) are proposed. Some types of multiple-topology designed materials are also studied. The feasibility and accuracy of a homogenization method for obtaining the equivalent parameters are investigated. As the curved elements of a unit cell are represented by straight elements in the method and the ratios of the lengths of the curved elements to the lengths of the straight elements vary with the changing number of unit cells, some errors may be introduced. The frequencies of the first five modes and responses of the complete and equivalent models under an internal static pressure and an internal step pressure are compared for investigating the scope of applications of the method. The lower bounds and upper bounds of the number of Square, Triangular and Kagome cells in the sections are obtained. It is shown that treating the multiple-topology designed materials as a separate-layer structure is more accurate than treating the structure as a whole.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.739-748
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• 2017

Notches such as slots are typical geometric features on mechanical components that promote fatigue crack initiation. Unlike for components with open hole type notches, there are no conventional treatments to enhance fatigue behavior of components with slots. In this work we evaluate the viability of applying laser shock peening (LSP) to extend the fatigue life of 6061-T6 aluminum components with slots. The feasibility of using LSP is evaluated not only on damage free notched specimens, but also on samples with previous fatigue damage. For the LSP treatment a convergent lens was used to deliver 0.85 J and 6 ns laser pulses 1.5 mm in diameter by a Q-switch Nd: YAG laser, operating at 10 Hz with 1064 nm of wavelength. Residual stress distribution was assessed by the hole drilling method. A fatigue analysis of the notched specimens was conducted using the commercial code FE-Safe and different multiaxial fatigue criteria to predict fatigue lives of samples with and without LSP. The residual stress field produced by the LSP process was estimated by a finite element simulation of the process. A good comparison of the predicted and experimental fatigue lives was observed. The beneficial effect of LSP in extending fatigue life of notched components with and without previous damage is demonstrated.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호통권44호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2000

측정치를 이용하여 구조계를 규명하는 경우에 일반적으로 측정치를 주파수 영역으로 변환하고 이를 도식적으로 파악하는 방법이 주로 이용된다. 이러한 방법은 신뢰도가 낮고 토목구조물 특히 교량 구조물과 같이 근접한 모우드의 특성을 가지는 구조계의 규명에 불리한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 시간영역에서의 데이터를 직접 이용하여 구조계의 모우드 특성을 규명하는 일련의 방법에 대한 적용성을 검토하였으며 이 때 발생할 수 있는 왜율에 대한 문제를 극복하기 위하여 최소자승법을 시간영역 규명기법에 중복하는 방법을 선택하였다. 제안된 방법의 타당성을 검토하기 위하여 현가계 모델을 이용하여 모의 해석을 수행하였다. 또한 실질적인 상황에서의 이용성을 검토하기 위하여 인위적인 잡음을 게재시켜 잡음에 대한 방범의 민감도를 검토하였다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2017

The feasibility of using hydrazine for inhibiting pitting corrosion in copper sprinkler tubes was investigated by examining microscopical and structural evolution of corrosion by-products with SEM, EDS, and XRD. Hydrazine removed dissolved oxygen and reduced CuO and $Cu_2O$ as well. The stable phase was changed from CuO to $Cu_2O$ or Cu depending on hydrazine concentration. Hydrazine concentration of 500 ppm could convert all CuO corrosion by-products to $Cu_2O$. In a tightly sealed acryl tube filled with aqueous solution of 500 ppm hydrazine, octahedral $Cu_2O$ particles were formed while plate-like structures with high concentration of Cu, O, N and C were formed near a corrosion pit. The inside structure of a corrosion pit was not altered by hydrazine aqueous solution. Uniform corrosion of copper was almost completely stopped in aqueous solution of 500 ppm hydrazine. Corrosion potential of a copper plate was linearly dependent on log (hydrazine concentration). The concept of stopping pitting corrosion reaction by suppressing oxygen reduction reaction could be verified by applying this method to a reasonable number of real sprinkler systems before full-scale application.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.56-82
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• 1996

The objectives of this research are (i) to review the legal nature of medicine & medical affairs law, (ii) to identify legal defects in terms of the adequacy and feasibility of its provisions and in terms of the structural order among related laws and acts, and (iii) to find out a rational way for revision of the law. Major findings of this research are as follows: 1) The main defects of the Medicine & Medical Affairs Law of Korea are shortcomings of provisions necessary for securing people's right as well as medical practitioner's responsibility and in adequacy to its post as a mother-law in medical fields. 2) Some provisions of the law are inconsistent with other laws and acts, especially with Health Insurance Law. 3) Medicine & Medical Affairs Law of Korea is required to be totally revised in order to keep up with situational changes and to function as a mother-law in its field. On the basis of these findings this study suggests that all the concerned parties would cooperate to renew the law into very sound feature of the mother-law in health field.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.805-808
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• 2008

피복이 없는 FBG센서는 내구성이 약하기 때문에, 실제 토목구조물에서는 적용이 어렵다. 따라서 packaged FBG센서는 피복이 없는 FBG센서의 단점을 보안하고, 실제 구조물에 적용이 가능하도록 발전된 형태이다. 이런 packaged FBG센서를 이용하여 변형률과 온도를 동시에 측정할 때, 온도보정은 없어서는 안 될, 필수적 기술이다. 이 논문에서는 steel sleeve packaged FBG센서의 온도보정 기술을 도출하고, 콘크리트 보부재를 이용한 실험을 통해 온도보정 기술의 현장적용 가능성을 제시하였다. 따라서 이 논문에서 사용된 온도보정 기술은 실제 여러 토목구조물의 모니터링에 확대 사용할 수 있다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2010

This paper presents a prestress-loss monitoring technique for prestressed concrete (PSC) girder structures that uses a vibration-based system identification method. First, the theoretical backgrounds of the prestress-loss monitoring technique and the system identification technique are presented. Second, vibration tests are performed on a lab-scaled PSC girder for which the modal parameter was measured for several prestress-force cases. A numerical modal analysis is performed by using an initial finite element (FE) model from the geometric, material, and boundary conditions of the lab-scaled PSC girder. Third, a vibration-based system identification is performed to update the FE model by identifying structural parameters since the natural frequency of the FE model became identical to the experimental results. Finally, the feasibility of the prestress-loss monitoring technique is evaluated for the PSC girder model by using the experimentally measured natural frequency and numerically identified natural frequency for several prestress-force cases.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2010

Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility for the early diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis by the reconstruction of three-dimensional photoacoustic imaging with a tissue phantom. Methods: Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (l = 532 nm) was applied to a tissue phantom to generate photoacoustic waves, and the acquired photoacoustic signals at different positions around the sample were used to recombine the distribution of the optical absorption and the images were subsequently generated through a reconstruction algorithm. Results: From the acquired photoacoustic signals, the surface andinner core of the phantom was clearly distinguished. Furthermore, the back-projection algorithm was able to reconstruct two-dimensional and three-dimensional photoacoustic images that contained the optical absorption property information of the tissue phantom. Conclusion: The results indicate that the photoacoustic imaging technique has many advantages such as high optical contrast and high acoustic resolution. The acquired images can be used for the early diagnosis of inflammatory arthritis by the structural information obtained from the region of interest.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2001

Recently, to assure the integrity of a structural components such as piping pressure vessels and thinning structure, Lamb wave inspection technique has been used in material evaluation. It is very important to select the optimal Lamb wave mode and to analyze the signal accurately because of its unique dispersion properties grnerating several modes within the speci-men. It this study, the feasibility of material evaluation applications using wavelet analysis of Lamb wave has been veir-fied experimentally. These results show as follows; 1)dispersion characteristic of each mode in dispersion curve is demon-strated that A0 mode propagating material surface is useful mode having the lest energy loss and not sensitive to surface condition. 2) it can be detected even the micro defect ($1\times2mm$) fabricated in ultrasonic probe flaw distance (290mm) to axis direction. 3) the wavelet transform which is called "time-frequency analysis" shows the Lamb wave propagation due to the change of materials characterization can be evaluated at each frequency and experimental group velocity of Lamb wave agrees quite well with that of simulated dispersion curve.ion curve.