• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.203-219
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• 2018

This paper is devoted to the study of strongly ${\alpha}-semicommutative$ rings, a generalization of strongly semicommutative and ${\alpha}-rigid$ rings. Although the n-by-n upper triangular matrix ring over any ring with identity is not strongly ${\bar{\alpha}}-semicommutative$ for $n{\geq}2$, we show that a special subring of the upper triangular matrix ring over a reduced ring is strongly ${\bar{\alpha}}-semicommutative$ under some additional conditions. Moreover, it is shown that if R is strongly ${\alpha}-semicommutative$ with ${\alpha}(1)=1$ and S is a domain, then the Dorroh extension D of R by S is strongly ${\bar{\alpha}}-semicommutative$.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2018

An example of a strongly central semicommutative ring which is not semicommutative is constructed. This answers a question of Bhattachafjee and Chakraborty negatively.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2020

This article continues the study of right 𝜋-duo rings, concentrating on the situation of nonzero powers. For this purpose we introduce the concept of strongly right 𝜋-duo and examine the structure of strongly right 𝜋-duo in relation to various ring properties that play important roles in ring theory. It is proved for a strongly right 𝜋-duo ring R that if the upper (lower) nilradical of R is zero then R is reduced. Various kinds of examples are examined in relation to the questions raised in the procedure.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2024

Let G be an infinite countable group and A be a finite set. If Σ ⊆ A^G is a strongly irreducible subshift of finite type and 𝓖 is the local conjugacy equivalence relation on Σ. We construct a decreasing sequence 𝓡 of unital C^*-subalgebras of C(Σ) and a sequence of faithful conditional expectations E defined on C(Σ), and obtain a Toeplitz algebra 𝓣 (𝓡, 𝓔) and a C^*-algebra C^*(𝓡, 𝓔) for the pair (𝓡, 𝓔). We show that C^*(𝓡, 𝓔) is *-isomorphic to the reduced groupoid C^*-algebra C^*_r(𝓖).

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제10권
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• pp.283-292
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• 2000

We shall introduce new concepts of near-rings, that is, strong reducibility and left semi ${\pi}$-regular near-rings. We will study every strong reducibility of near-ring implies reducibility of near-ring but this converse is not true, and also some characterizations of strong reducibility of near-rings. We shall investigate some relations between strongly reduced near-rings and left strongly regular near-rings, and apply strong reducibility of near-rings to the study of left semi ${\pi}$-regular near-rings, s-weekly regular near-rings and some other regularity of near-rings.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.639-644
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• 2009

In this paper, we begin with to introduce the concepts of IFP and strong IFP in near-rings and then give some characterizations of IFP in near-rings. Next we derive reversible IFP, and then equivalences of the concepts of strong IFP and strong reversibility. Finally, we obtain some conditions to become strong IFP in right permutable near-rings and strongly reversible near-rings.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.333-340
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• 1996

The relationship between ozone-induced damages and ethylend evolution was examined in tomato plants fumigated with ozone of 0.2 $\mu\ell/\ell$. The rate of evolution of ethylent by tomato plants was enhanced by ozone fumigation. Pretreatment of leaves with aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an inhibitor of ethylene evolution, significantly inhibited the evolution of ethylene that was induced by ozone and concomitantly reduced the extent of ozone-induced visible damage to leaves. Treatment with 2,5-norbonadiene (NBD), and inhibitor of the action of ethylene, strongly reduced the extent of visible damage caused by ozone, even though it did not suppress the evolution of ethylene. These results indicated that ethylene might play an important role in ozone-induced plant injuries at relatively short terms of ozone fumigation. Next, we examined the effect of tiron, a scanvenger of the free-radical, on evolution of ethylene and leaf injury caused by ozone. Tiron treatment strongly reduced the extent of ozone-induced injury, but had not inhibitory effect on the evolution of ethylene from tomato leaves. This result suggests the involvement of free-radical, such as superoxide radicals, in induction of injuries caused by ozone.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.175-176
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• 2006

The filling property of the binder treated iron based powder made of atomized iron powder was compared with that of the one made of reduced iron powder. The latter one showed a better filling property than the former one, although the original reduced powder showed a worse flow rate. Changing the particle size distribution of the original atomized powder from wide to narrow like the original reduced iron powder, improved the filling property of the binder treated powder. As a result, the particle size distribution of the original iron powder was found to strongly affect the filling property of the binder treated powder.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 하계종합학술대회논문집
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• pp.787-790
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• 1998

In this paper we consider strongly polynomial variations of the auction algorithm for the single origin/all destinations shortest path problem. These variations are based on the idea of graph reduction, that is, deleting unnecessary arcs of the graph by using certain bounds naturally obtained in the course of the algorithm. We study the structure of the reduced graph and we exploit this structure to obtain algorithm with O(n min{m, nlogn}) and O(n$^{2}$) running time.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 1998

A Pythium species was isolated from roots of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) showing wilt symptoms and reduced growth in a greenhouse at Ichon, Kyonggi-do in 1997. The Pythium species was identified as Pythium spinosum Sawada based on various mycological characteristics. The isolate was strongly pathogenic when inoculated to root of lisianthus plants in pots. The diseased plants showed typical symptoms of root and crown rot, resulting in reduced growth of roots and shoots, and consequently wilting of the above ground part of plants.