• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

A purpose of this study was to find out how the casual and formal style clothes of stripe pattern giving variety by pattern direction, pattern width, and contrast coloration have an effect on image of wearers. 432 stimuli were made and 2,800 testee evaluated them using semantic differential scale. As a result, five image dimensions were drawn as a factor of attractiveness, activeness, gracefulness, visibility, and tenderness. In consequence of analysing the image difference by stripe pattern and clothing style, the stripe pattern and clothing style affect image presentation as a significant clue. And besides, as a result of positioning stimuli by image, pattern direction, coloration, and tone combination were important clues that decide image. Consequently, clothing style, stripe pattern, and contrast coloration were made clear as an efficient parameter in image presentation of clothing wearers.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of clothing style and mixtures of stripe pattern direction, width, and coloration of an upper garment. The experimental materials made for this study are a set of stimuli and response scale(The 7-Point semantic). The subjects were 480 female undergraduate students in Seoul, Busan, Gyung-nam. The 80 stimuli which were variously incorporated with clothing styles and stipe patterns were assessed by the students. The following contents summarizes the results of the research. Impression factors of the stimuli consists of the 5 dimensions(Attractiveness, Show, Activity, Clearness, mildness). Amon these, the Attractiveness and Show dimensions proved to be more important. The clothing style and pattern direction indicated main effect in attractiveness and activity dimension. The pattern coloration showed a significant effect in dimensions except attractiveness and clearness. The pattern width had a significant effect only in the activity. Significant interaction effects of each clothing clause were found in the attractiveness, activity and clearness, but Show and mildness had no significant interaction effect. This research, as the 06 S/S, F/W trend, is a meaningful study in that it handled in the form of expression the stripe pattern used unrestrictedly in the casual wear or the formal wear by a fashion keyword.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2015

This study aimed to identify the development pattern of final stop consonant perception using the gating task. Sixty-four subjects participated in the study: 16 children aged 4 years, 16 children aged 5 years, 17 children aged 6 years, and 15 adults. One-syllable words with consonant-vowel-consonant(CVC) structure, mokㄱ-motㄱ and papㄱ-patㄱ were used as stimuli in order to remove the redundancy of acoustic cues in stimulus words, 40ms-length (-40ms) and 60ms-length (-60ms) from the entire duration of the final consonant were deleted. Three conditions (the whole word segment, -40ms, -60ms) were used for this speech perception experiment. 48 tokens (4 stimuli ${\times}3$ conditions ${\times}4$ trials) in total were provided for participants. The results indicated that 5 and 6 year olds showed final consonant perception similar to adults in stimuli, papㄱ-patㄱ and only the 6-year-old children showed perception similar to adults in stimuli, 'mokㄱ-motㄱ. The results suggested that younger typically developing children require more acoustic information to accurately perceive final consonants than older children and adults. Final consonant perception ability may become adult-like around 6 years old. The study provides fundamental data on the development pattern of speech perception in normal developing children, which can be used to compare to those of children with communication disorders.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.504-513
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• 2013

This study evaluates the difference of visual effect according to pant style and geometric pattern. The researcher made 28 stimuli-combination of four pant Stiles (classic, baggy, skinny, and bell-bottom) and seven geometric pattern (large vertical stripe, small vertical stripe, large horizontal stripe, small horizontal stripe, large check, small check, and hound's tooth check). The test involved 96 female college students. The stimuli were made with the i-Designer computer program. The panels tested the computer screen images of all manikins wearing pants. A 7-point scale was used to evaluate each image. For the data analysis, ANOVA and Duncan-test were applied along with an SPSS program. The results of this study are as follows. Three factors (lower-body compensation, abdomen highlight, and length compensation) influenced the visual effect pant styles and geometric patterns. The skinny style and large vertical stripe evaluated positively in elongated height and leg length and a slimmer overall body. It was shown that the vertical stripe pattern was evaluated as more positive than the horizontal stripe pattern in the visual effect; particularly, the results showed distinct aspects in the classic pants style. The mutual influence of the visual effect (according to pants style and geometric pattern) were indicated as two factors of lower-body compensation and length compensation. A more positive visual effects resulted in a higher mutual influence on pant style and geometric pattern.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1041-1062
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• 1999

This study is to stimulate the model of which top notch muscle stimuli physical therapy has been made on the basis of GCM. GCM has been studied on the hypermobility & hypomobility pattern on the part of spine & extremity, and the body characteristics of four body types, which is the tilting of seal scapular & ilium. The purpose of this study is to analysize the type of GCM which has been focused on the spine & extremity for the patients having dysfunctions of neuromuscular system, being analysized the movement. The result of this study is as following; 1) The First hypothesis: The hypermobility & hypomobility pattern assorted by the tilting of scapular & ilium, as does the former study analysize was claimed that it would be in line with the pattern for hypermobility hypomobility and physical characteristics according to each body type at the percentage of at least 60(p<.001). 2) The 2nd hypothesis : Stimuli therapy of muscle dealing with physical characteristics and joint hypermobility hypomobility has the important role in restoring the deformity and keeping anatomical postural plumb alignment also it would a highly effects on correcting the body even though the stimuli area was limited to four areas and it was lack of time compared with those applied by general physical therapy(p<.001). As above the result, the top-notch type for physical therapy based on hypermobility hypomobility pattern by 4 body types which has been studied on tilting of scapular & ilium is more specificed and specialized than those of general physical therapy technologies. So this study will be believed to dedicate to restoration ideal anatomical postural plumb alignment based on spinal Manipulation and the concept of whole person as well as to being simple and effective to apply.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.407-419
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of four clothing cues dot pattern size and ground field of color area ratio on dress's wearer image. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimuli and response scales(The 7-point semantic). The stimuli were 30 color pictures manipulated with the combination of dot pattern size, dot pattern on background of color area ratio and neutral dress's using computer simulation. The subjects were 180 female undergraduates living students in Gyeong-nam. The result of this study are as follows: Image factor of the stimulus was composed of 5 different components (visibility, gracefulness, attractiveness, cuteness, womanly). Especially, Neutral color combination independently influenced the every components. In regarding the effect of interaction between each variable, the combination of dot pattern on background of color area ratio, dot pattern size on the combination had cuteness, womanly.

• MALSORI
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• no.57
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• pp.31-42
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to observe how Korean learners perceive an English weak syllable in words containing WS syllable pattern. According to the automated discrimination task using E-Prime, the ratio of correct answer(%) and reaction time of the stimuli with same syllable patterns were respectively higher and faster than those with different syllable patterns. Specifically, in the stimuli with different syllable patterns, the frequency(familiarity) of stressed word succeeding weak syllable and whether the weak syllable had coda in it were two important factors in distinguishing between a word with and without weak syllable. Even though the high English proficiency Koreans had faster reaction time than the low English proficiency Koreans, all Korean learners had a difficulty in perceiving the weak syllable at the beginning of a word.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate visual evaluation according to various methods of motif presentation and the value contrast between the motif and background. The instruments developed for this purpose were two sets of stimuli and a response scale. the first set consisted of pattern stimuli. they were eight photographs of floral patterns constructed by using six different motif presentation methods and two different value contrasts. The second set had eight clothing stimuli, photographs of clothings with the above floral patterns. The 7-point sementic differential scale of 19 bipolar adjectives was used as the response scale. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, ANOVA and T-test. The major findings from this study were as follows; 1. Four factors emerged to account for the dimensional structure of the floral pattern image. These factors were attractiveness, tenderness, attention, and maturity. among them attractiveness and tenderness were the major dimensions 2. The patterns and the clothings had no significant difference from each other in terms of attractiveness and tenderness, but in terms of maturity and attention. The pattern presented a cute and sober image, but the clothing presented mature and gorgeous image. 3. methods of motif presentation had significant effects on all the factors. The pattern by shading method gave the most attractive and soft image, the one by line the most soberest, the one by area the most gorgeous, the one by collage the most unattractive, hardest, and cutest, and the one by mosaics the maturest. 4. The value contrast between the motif and background had no significant effects on attractiveness and maturity, but on tenderness and attention. The patterns with a high valued background presented a soft image, but the one with a low valued background a hard image. The patterns with a low valued area presented gorgeous image.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.992-1007
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• 2008

This study was meant to offer the data for predicting the product plan answering the diverse demands for consumers based on the results of analyzing the image and formative property by transforming the stripe patterns. The concrete study way is composed of the collected stimulus centering on the interval of the stripe pattern and value contrast coloration. Consequently 192 stimuli, changed by the pattern direction and pattern interval, clothing style, and contrast coloration, are selected. The experimental materials made for this study are a set of stimuli and response scale. The statistics way used in analysis was factor analysis, ANOVA, dispersion analysis, multiple classification analysis. The results of this study were summed as following. Firstly, In the value contrast, a pair of 27 adjectives were made of attractiveness, activeness, gracefulness, visibility, and tenderness dimension. Secondly, the direction of the pattern, interval, clothing style, and contrast coloration were respectively transformed according to value contrast.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2000

Although nociceptive informations are thought to be processed via different neural mechanisms depending on the types of stimuli, sufficient data have not been accumulated yet. We performed a series of experiments to elucidate the possible neural mechanisms as to chemical stimuli such as formalin, capsaicin and ATP. Single unit activity of wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons and high threshold cells were recorded extracellularly from the lumbosacral enlargement of cat spinal cord before and after chemical stimulation to its receptive field (RF). Each chemical substance - formalin $(20{\mu}l,\;4%),$ capsaicin (33 mM) or Mg-ATP (5 mM)- was injected intradermally into the RFs and then the changes in the spontaneous activity, mechanical threshold and responses to the peripheral mechanical stimuli were observed. In many cases, intradermal injection of formalin (5/11) and capsaicin (8/11) resulted in increase of the spontaneous activity with a biphasic pattern, whereas ATP (8/8) only showed initial responses. Time courses of the biphasic pattern, especially the late response, differed between formalin and capsaicin experiments. One hour after injection of each chemical (formalin, capsaicin, or ATP), the responses of the dorsal horn neurons to mechanical stimuli increased at large and the RFs were expended, suggesting development of hypersensitization (formalin 6/10, capsaicin 8/11, and ATP 15/19, respectively). These results are suggested that formalin stimulates peripheral nociceptor, local inflammation and involvement of central sensitization, capsaicin induces central sensitization as well as affects the peripheral C-polymodal nociceptors and neurogenic inflammation, and ATP directly stimulates peripheral nociceptors.