• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1269-1276
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• 2001

In case of contact fatigue, the accurate calculation of surface tractions and subsurface stress is essential to the predication of crack initiation life. Surface tractions influencing shear stress amplitude have been obtained by contact analysis based on influence function. Subsurface stress has been obtained by using rectangular patch solutions. In this study, to simulate asperity contact under sliding condition, the tip of asperity was simulated by sphere and to calculate crack initiation life in the substrate, dislocation pileup theory was used.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.429-442
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• 2015

The measurement from the indentation process depends on the amount of pile-up or sink-in around the contact impressions. In this paper, finite element concept is utilized to study the pile-up and sink-in behaviour for the wide range of materials with different young's modulus, yield stresses, strain-hardening exponents and coefficient of friction values. The exact indentation model is created by using the two dimensional axisymmetrical model for simulating the spherical indentation process on the lines of Taljat and Pharr (2004) work. The result shows that during spherical indentation process the amount of pile-up is greatly influenced by the strain hardening exponents in addition to other material properties and depth of penetration. The numerical results from the finite element analysis are also validated using the exact multilinear material properties obtained from the tensile testing for the materials like mild steel, brass and aluminium.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1386-1397
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• 2020

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of various treatments; bifocal spectacles, orthokeratology, atropine, and time spent in outdoors; in slowing down the myopia progression for Asian adolescents (6-18age). Methods: The research focused on examining the most effective treatment in controlling myopia based on the literature sources that have been published. Through meta-analysis of various research papers that already has been done in this field, a lot of data was collected. For each treatment, the difference in axial length and spherical equivalent over time was measured and recorded. To quantitatively record the difference, both axial length and spherical equivalent was determined by value of control group value of treatment group. The paper compared the effectiveness of each treatment based on the data that was measured. Results: Adolescents who chose to spend time outdoors in order to slow down myopia progression had axial length difference of 0.03 mm and spherical equivalent difference of 0.17 D. Adolescents that used atropine had axial length difference of 0.36 mm and spherical equivalent difference of 0.92 D. Bifocal spectacle resulted in axial length difference of 0.21 mm and spherical equivalent difference of 0.59 D, and for orthokeratology 0.23 mm and 0.04 D, respectively. Axial length wise, myopia was most controlled by the atropine since there was a greatest difference between the group that got the treatment and the group that did not have the treatment. According to the spherical equivalent difference data, myopia was most controlled by atropine. Conclusion: Atropine showed the most effective result in controlling myopia among the four treatment. Again, compared to other three treatment, using atropine appeared to have greatest ability in slowing down myopia progression since adolescents who were treated with atropine had greatest difference from adolescents in the control group that had the same condition but didn't get the treatment. However, every treatment was only used for 2 or 3 years which is quite short time period to measure the long term effect of the four treatments. Also, since atropine is a pharmaceutical method to control myopia, it may harm adolescents' eyes compared to optical or environmental treatment.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.195-198
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• 2005

The role of elastic/plastic mismatch on the contact crack initiation is investigated for designing desirable surface-coated asymmetric layered composites. Various layered composites such as $Si_3N_4$ ceramics on $Si_3N_4+BN$ composite, soda-lime glass on various substrates with different elastic modulus for the analysis. Spherical indentation is conducted for producing contact cracks from the surface or interface between the coating and the substrate layer. A finite element analysis of the stress fields in the loaded layer composites enables a direct correlation between the damage patterns and the stress distributions. Implications of these conclusions concerning the design of asymmetric layered composites indicate that the elastic modulus mismatch is one of the important parameter for designing layered composite to prevent the initiation of contact cracks.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.2026-2038
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• 1994

A numerical scheme is developed for the analysis of incipient sliding contact with orthotropic friction condition subjected to tangential load and twisting moment. The inherent nonlinearity in the orthotropic friction law has been treated by a polyhedral friction law. Then, a three-dimensional linear complementarity problem(LCP) formulation in an incremental form is obtained, and the existence of a solution is investigated. A Lemke's complementary pivoting algorithm is used for solving the LCP. The scheme is illustrated by spherical contact problems, and the effects of eccentricity of elliptical friction domain on the traction and stick region are discussed.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2002년도 International Symposium
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• pp.203-215
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• 2002

Using eutectic In-Ag and Bi-Sn solder materials, we developed the COG technique having a minimum pitch of 50 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The maximum temperature in this process is $160^{\circ}C$. We fabricated spherical and uniform solder bumps by controlling the microstructure of Bi-Sn solder bumps. The contact resistances of Bi-Sn solder joints were 19 m$\Omega$ at $80{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ pitch and 60 m$\Omega$ at $80{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ pitch, respectively. These values are much lower than the contact resistance of the conventional ACF bonding. The contact resistances of the solder joint are almost the same before and after the underfill process. The contact resistance of the underfilled Bi-Sn solder joint did not change even after reliability test.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2004

The Magnetorheological fluid has the properties that its viscosity has drastic changed under some magnetic fields therefore, Magnetorheological fluids has been used fur micro polishing of the micro part(for example, a spherical surface in a micro lens). The polishing process may appears as follows. A part rotating on the spindle is brought into contact with an Magnetorheological finishing(MRF) fluids which is set in motion by the moving wall. In the region where the part and the MRF fluid are brought into contact, the applied magnetic field creates the conditions necessary for the material removal from the part surface. The material removal takes place in a certain region contacting the surface of the part which can be called the polishing spot or zone. The polishing mechanism of the material removal in the contact zone is considered as a process governed by the particularities of the Bingham flow in the contact zone. Resonable calculated and experimental magnitudes of the material removal rate for glass polishing lends support the validity of the approach.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.499-504
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• 2019

The effect of coating thickness on the contact fatigue and wear of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are investigated in this study. The same bondcoat material thickness (250 ㎛) are used for each sample, which allows the effect of the coating thickness of the topcoat to be investigated. TBCs with different coating thicknesses (200, 400, and 600 ㎛) are prepared by changing processing parameters such as the feeding rate of the feedstock, spraying speed, and spraying distance during APS(air plasma spray) coating. The damage size on the surface are strongly affected by the coating thickness effect. Although the damage size from contact fatigue using a spherical indenter diminish at a TBC of 200 ㎛, a high wear resistance such as a low friction coefficient and little mass change are found at a TBC of 600 ㎛. These results indicate that the coating thickness strongly affects the mechanical behavior in TBCs during gas turbine operation.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1333-1334
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• 2013

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2012

목적: 구면수차를 감소시키기 위해 설계된 비구면 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용시킨 후 눈에서 변화된 고위수차와 구면수차를 분석하였다. 방법: 50명의 소프트 콘택트렌즈 착용자가 연구에 참여하였으며 SDD(Soflens Daily Disposable, Bausch+Lomb) 비구면 렌즈를 착용시킨 후 Wave-Scan Wavefront$^{TM}$ aberrometer (VISX, Santa Clara, CA, USA)를 이용하여 눈 전체의 고위수차와 구면수차를 4 mm의 동공크기를 기준으로 측정하였고, 구면수차 변화량은 착용한 비구면 렌즈의 약도, 중도, 고도의 도수에 따라 비교, 분석하였다. 밝은 조명(photopic)과 어두운(mesopic) 조명상태에서 대비도를 가지는 시력표(100%와 20%)를 이용하여 시력 검사를 하였고 OPTEC 6500 Vision Tester$^{(R)}$(Stereo Optical Co., Inc., Chicago, USA)를 사용하여 밝은 조명(photopic)과 어두운(mesopic)조명 상태의 대비감도를 각각 측정하였다. 모든 측정은 산동 시키지 않은 상태에서 단안으로 시행하였다. 결과: SDD 비구면 렌즈를 착용한 경우 눈의 전체고위수차는 나안 상태보다 유의하게 감소하였고(p<0.001), 구면수차는 상당히 감소하여 0에 근접하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.001). SDD 렌즈 도수에 따라 전체고위수차 변화량(r= 0.237, p=0.018)과 구면수차 변화량(r=0.324, p=0.001)은 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다. 밝은 조명상태에서 100% 및 20% 대비도 시력은 각각 $-0.063{\pm}0.062$와 $0.119{\pm}0.060$으로 나타났고, 어두운 조명상태에서 100% 및 20% 대비도 시력은 $-0.003{\pm}0.063$과 $0.198{\pm}0.067$으로 측정되었다. 밝은 조명상태와 어두운 조명상태에서 대비감도는 각각 $3.095{\pm}0.068$과 $3.087{\pm}0.074$로 나타났다. 결론: 구면수차를 제어한 비구면 디자인의 소프렌 소프트렌즈(SDD)는 눈의 전체 고위수차와 구면수차를 감소시키고 눈의 구면수차를 보정하면서 시력의 질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.