• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate integral seat desk used in universities through comparison of real dimension values of the desk with KS/ISO standard and questionnaire survey. Background: School furniture that helps students sit comfortably for longer periods of time and allows for better concentration on learning is important. However, seat and desk have been generally designed based on the industry practice rather than user's anthropometry, and seats and desks used in universities of Korea have not been ergonomically evaluated. Method: Real 13 dimensions of the desk used in K University were measured using tape measure and inclinometer, and the dimension values were compared to the KS standard of desk and chair for lecture room (KS G 4210) and ergonomic design principles found in relevant references. Subjective appropriacies and preference for the desk were investigated based on questionnaire survey, in which 121 (male: 91, female: 30) college students participated. Results: Several dimensions for the desk and chair investigated except desk depth and width, leg room width, seat width have not met the KS standard, but all dimensions satisfied ergonomic design principles available in references. The questionnaire survey revealed that appropriacies for desk surface size, seat pan depth, seat pan cushion and backrest curvature were under middle point of 3.0, and that those for the other dimensions showed higher scores exceeding 3.0. Conclusion: The integral seat desk widely used in universities showed some design problems in terms of standards of KS G 2010 and KS G 4210, and ergonomic design principles. Compared to the general desk with separated desk and seat, subjective preference on the integral seat desk was low. Application: This would be used as a valuable guideline when designing or choosing new integral seat desk with high satisfaction of students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2015

Internal ballistics is a phenomenon happened in tens of milliseconds during the gun firing. The configuration variables of the solid propellant are important factors which have influences on the performance of the gun system. In this study, the performance analysis of the 7-perforated propellant has been conducted using the numerical program for the interior ballistics. The effect of the configuration variables on the gun system performance has been analyzed. The propellant design has been conducted for the satisfaction of the performance requirements. As results, the relationship between the configuration variables and the performance has been obtained and the basic design concept of the multi-perforated propellant has been provided.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.8 no.11
• /
• pp.233-240
• /
• 2017

In recent years, graphics authoring tools have evolved into a variety of formats in line with the rapidly changing digital design field. However, in the field of interface design, screen shape and size depending on the user's environment, it needs more flexible and scalable authoring tools. Along with the emergence of variety of new tools, work processes are also changing. This study investigates what kinds of graphic authoring tools are currently used by designers and compared the result to the case of overseas and examined the difference in the environment of graphic authoring tool. This study looked at criteria and satisfaction of designers choosing authoring tools and how the choice depends on the type of company we are working in and the type of project we are involved in. Research shows that the choice of authoring tools depends on the type and efficiency of the project. Based on this, a reference is provided to establish the standard and working environment for designers and companies to select graphic authoring tools and propose the future direction of graphic authoring tool environments.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.141-154
• /
• 2016

This study examined the nature of multi-cultural families' housing problems living in South Korea. A qualitative research was conducted through in-depth interviews with immigrant women from three Southeast Asian countries. The subjects of this study were 15 married immigrants from the Philippine, Cambodia, and Vietnam living in Seoul. The major findings were as follows: firstly, reciprocity for the in-between person and environment: the preferred to blend into Korean society instead of making a community based on national origin. Secondly, intention to housing: all participants were passive about moving and the Vietnamese and Cambodians placed more importance on the family community than the Filipinas. Thirdly, meaning of housing and interaction: for the most important area in the house, the Vietnamese and Cambodians stated that rooms were for a couple and treated family space more importantly than Filipinas who pursuit personal comfort. Fourthly, housing adaptation process: adapting to climate difference between home countries and Korea was the biggest difficulty. Fifthly, residential satisfaction/dissatisfaction: mostly satisfied with housing facilities; however, they were dissatisfied with the number of rooms and house size due to a necessity for personal space. In conclusion, ideas implied from native country of married immigrants in multicultural families did not change significantly in preference of the current environment. The needs for an ethnic community was not great, because they seemed able to assimilate positively by living with a Korean husband and relatives. Gradual assimilation through a cultural acculturation process can be considered desirable.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2009

As society increasingly ages, maintaining an independent lifestyle at home becomes an important issue for older people. This study aims to determine old people's housing needs for maintaining an independent lifestyle despite their health status and living arrangements. A total of 438 residents voluntarily took part in a research questionnaire survey through the quota sampling method. The participants were grouped according to age (60-64, 65-69, 70-74, and over 75), gender (male and female), and house type (apartment houses and others). The results are as follows. (1) The senior residents are mostly within a non occupational, low income, and low subjective living status. (2) They are satisfied with their current residence and hope to manage the rest of their life in the same place. (3) Three out of five residents prefer the apartment housing type to other types of housing. The preferred dwelling size, number of rooms, and preference for use of an extra room all varied depending on gender and housing type as well as whether they were a couple or living alone. (4) The older residents have a higher need for a safety system than do the younger residents. Female residents pay more attention to convenience while male residents pay more attention to safety. The non-apartment residents require more modification to fundamental facilities such as a heating and ventilation system, wind protection, and additional storage than do the apartment residents. This study has thoroughly analyzed request characteristics according to basic qualities of the elderly households.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine factors contributing to financial resources interchange type and amount of the middle aged and the elderly household. For this study, the 6th KLIPS data was used, and sample size was 1,679 households including those with head of household being over the age of 50. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine frequency, percentile, mean and standard deviation, Pearson's correlation, Anova, Duncan's multiple range test and Heckman analysis First, Interchange amount of Benefits type household was significantly different according to the householder's gender, existence or nonexistence of a spouse, age, educational background, home ownership, family type and place of residence. However, interchange amount of provide- type households were significantly different according tohouseholder's gender, existence or nonexistence of a spouse, educational background, whether retired or not, and home ownership. Second, The receptive type of households and net receptive expense of households in terms of the financial resources interchanges and the findings of Heckman analyses suggest that the variables to have a significant effect on the receptive types of financial interchanges were as gender, age, education level, retired or not, and current economics. Factors having an effects on net receptive expense were age, and family type and for the number of receptive of financial resources, whether there is the receptive of financial resources, total income, total asset. Third, The supplying type of households and net supplying expense of households in terms of the financial resources interchanges, whether or not the type of financially supplying households is significant were residential area, total income, house ownership. Factor having an effect net supplying expense were age, family type, whether there is the supplying of financial resources, family satisfaction, and house ownership.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.4A
• /
• pp.450-457
• /
• 2008

One of very essential techniques for enlarging lifetime of energy-constrained wireless personal area network (WPAN) devices is energy-efficient transmission technique. If the WPAN is operated based on a TDMA protocol, the satisfaction of QoS requirements at each allocated time slot is another important factor to be considered. We therefore propose an energy-efficient transmission scheme for WPANs operating with a contention-free medium access protocol such as TDMA, as well as satisfying QoS requirement. The proposed algorithm determines the optimum combination of transmit power, physical data rate and fragment size required to simultaneously minimize the energy consumption and satisfy the required QoS in each assigned time duration, considering all the possible energy-minimization related parameters. The proposed algorithm demonstrated the improved performance results in terms of throughput and energy consumption via computer simulation.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.297-310
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the user characteristics in different age groups by investigating the level of satisfaction and preference of design and function of mobile phone. 160 subjects participated in the experiment. Subjects with different ages were selected and divided into four groups: young age group (20 to less than 45), $1^{st}$ middle age group (45 to less than 55), $2^{nd}$ middle age group(55 to less than 65), and elderly group(over 65). A questionnaire was developed based on the previous design guideline, and additional questions were made to test newly developed function and design of the mobile phone. In particular, depth interviews were conducted in order to have a proper response from old subjects who have difficulties in completing written questionnaire. In result, it was found that except for price the major criterion to purchase mobile phone was the design, and the function of phone was the next except for elderly group. In the case of elderly group, the screen size is the first. Statistical results indicated that 37.5% of the young age group, 22.5% of $1^{st}$ middle age group, 22.5% of $2^{nd}$ middle age group and 10.0% of the elderly group preferred the design to function when they purchase mobile phones. Most elderly people were not satisfied with the supplementary function of the mobile phone. The $1^{st}$ middle age group did not know exactly how to use the supplementary service although they were willing to use it. Regarding the emotional preference on the type of phone, the sliding type was preferred most. Current results can be used to anticipate the future trend of mobile phone and design a user-friendly product for the aged population.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.457-471
• /
• 2014

Family instability has a negative effect on not only an individual household but also the society. The government continues to operate family support centers as a countermeasure to family instability issues. A healthy and multicultural family support center is considered an effective support system that extends from a family unit to the local community. In this study, the satisfaction and demand levels of each center, located in Seoul and Incheon, were examined with respect to items such as operation contents, physical space, and organizational structure. The results showed that various efforts for creating a family-friendly community were implemented in healthy family support centers and multicultural family support centers. It was found that the center organizers and operators focused more on software and programs than on the physical environment. There was mostly a shortage of physical and environmental space. This space shortage limited the planned and ongoing activities in terms of the residents' self-directed participation and space formation for a family-friendly educational culture. Therefore, it was necessary to set up the space-related criteria for each center in order to solve this environmental issue. We identified the baseline data of the criteria for a center's physical and spatial design and size. In particular, it was suggested that a more strategic physical and spatial design is needed to achieve an integral and effective operation for the connection of the family with the local society.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2006

Many clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of the platelet releasate or the platelet gel on chronic wounds. However, the patient's own blood had to be aspirated and processed to make the platelet releasate or a platelet gel. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of platelet concentrates from the blood bank for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. To obtain the basic data of the PDGF-BB content in platelet concentrates supplied from the blood bank, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantification was performed. On average, 8.5 pg of the PDGF-BB was released per 1 million platelets. Sixteen patients with diabetic foot ulcers ranging from 1.0 to $18.0cm^2$(mean, $6.1cm^2$) in size were treated. The platelet concentrates was centrifuged and the precipitantte was mixed with 1 ml of fibrinogen. The platelets and fibrinogen mixture was dispersed on to the ulcer lesions. The liquid platelet and fibrinogen mixture was then sealed using 0.3-1.0 ml of thrombin and moisture dressing was performed. The procedure was repeated every one or two weeks until wound closure. Time required for complete healing ranged from 3 to 12 weeks after treatment (mean, 7.3 weeks). Patient satisfaction was also very positive. In this study, the use of platelet concentrates from the blood bank was found to be effective in treating diabetic foot ulcers.