• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.373-383
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• 2006

The spatial mapping of risk is very useful data in planning for disaster preparedness. This research presents a methodology for making the landslide life risk map in the Boeun area which had considerable landslide damage following heavy rain in August, 1998. We have developed a three-stage procedure in spatial data analysis not only to estimate the probability of the occurrence of the natural hazardous events but also to evaluate the uncertainty of the estimators of that probability. The three-stage procedure consists of: (i)construction of a hazard prediction map of "future" hazardous events; (ii) validation of prediction results and estimation of the probability of occurrence for each predicted hazard level; and (iii) generation of risk maps with the introduction of human life factors representing assumed or established vulnerability levels by combining the prediction map in the first stage and the estimated probabilities in the second stage with human life data. The significance of the landslide susceptibility map was evaluated by computing a prediction rate curve. It is used that the Bayesian prediction model and the case study results (the landslide susceptibility map and prediction rate curve) can be prepared for prevention of future landslide life risk map. Data from the Bayesian model-based landslide susceptibility map and prediction ratio curves were used together with human rife data to draft future landslide life risk maps. Results reveal that individual pixels had low risks, but the total risk death toll was estimated at 3.14 people. In particular, the dangerous areas involving an estimated 1/100 people were shown to have the highest risk among all research-target areas. Three people were killed in this area when landslides occurred in 1998. Thus, this risk map can deliver factual damage situation prediction to policy decision-makers, and subsequently can be used as useful data in preventing disasters. In particular, drafting of maps on landslide risk in various steps will enable one to forecast the occurrence of disasters.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

한국의 네 개 도시(서울, 대구, 춘천, 영천)의 일일 최고기온을 모형화하여, 이에 적합한 분포를 제안하고 분포의 적합성을 여러 가지 방법에 의하여 검토하였다. 제안된 분포는 극단간 분포의 일종이며, 적합성 검토는 카이제곱 적합도 검정, Q-Q plot,확률 그림과 5000번의 모의실험을 통하여 허용한계를 구하였다 그 결과 제안된 극단간 분포(Extreme Value Distribution)가 일일 최고기온을 잘 설명하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 논문에서 나타난 실제 데이터의 그림은 서울의 1월과 6월을 중심으로 하였고, 대상지역의 2006년과 100년 후 2105년의 평균기온과, 제 안된 극단값 분포에 의해 95% 신뢰구간하에서 일일 최고기온의 평균 상한값을 예측하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2018

In this study, we estimate the greenhouse farmers' willingness to pay of agricultural water supply through pipeline. First, in the questionnaire design, orthogonal design and block design were used to enhance the ease of survey. Second, the theoretical model was constructed through the setting of the probability utility function, and the parameters were estimated by using the conditional logit model. Third, all of the estimation coefficients were statistically significant at the 1% significance level. The results of analysis are summarized as follows. First, the probability of selection is increased when maintenance is carried out by Korea Rural Community Corporation or local government. Second, the probability of selection is increased when agricultural water supply through pipeline is higher than the current level. Third, if the Korea Rural Community Corporation carries out maintenance management, the marginal willingness to pay is 44 won per ton. And if the local government carries out maintenance management, the marginal willingness to pay is 25 won per ton. Fourth, according to the quality level of agricultural water supply, the marginal willingness to pay is 101 won, 114 won and 120 won per ton, respectively. This study can be used as a basic data on the cost setting for agricultural water supply through pipeline.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.80-94
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this clinical research is the investigation of the effects between acupuncture group(control group) and NURIEYE-1 group (experimental group) in myopia Methods : Comparison clinical study was conducted with the randomly arranged 32 patients for acupuncture group(control group) and NURIEYE-1 group(experimental group). For effectiveness evaluation, eye sight test, MQOL and DITI were tested three times with visits for every 4 weeks. With SAS, Statistical analysis was performed by using paired t-test and two sample t-test. Statistical significance was achieved with less than 5% probability (p<0.05). Result : 1. There was no significant effect from the eye sight comparison between the two group. We had improved results in average with MQOL, however, there was no statistical significance. Though there was also no significant result with DITI average comparison between two group, we witnessed significant effect in some part of MQOL. 2. Nevertheless Periodical comparison test showed weak significance with eye sight and DITI, significant effect was found in some part of MQOL. 3. With periodical comparison tests, there were significant effects in eye sight, MQOL and DITI with the experimental groups and control groups, respectively. Conclusion : There was no significant eye sight improvement. However, with acupuncture point stimulation, we think there are some positive effects for the relaxation of excessive stress in eyes.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2004

기상예보모형 중 장기예측에 널리 사용되는 CGM모의결과를 이용하여 확률론적 불확실성 해석기법의 적용을 통해 유역단위로 관리되는 국내 수자원 운영에 대한 활용 가능성을 분석하였다. 연구된 기법은 GCM 모의값이 관측값의 크고 작음을 얼마나 잘 구분하는지를 확률적으로 분석하는 방법으로 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 검정을 사용한다. GCM 모의값으로는 ECMWF에서 AMIP-II 형태로 모의한 결과로부터 표면강수량을 추출하여 사용하였으며, 관측값은 국내 7개 유역에 대해 면적강우량을 산정하여 사용하였다. 또한, 어느 정도의 구분능력이 적정한가를 판단하기 위한 유의수준(significance threshold)을 결정하기 위해 Monte Carlo 모의를 사용하였다. 이러한 분석을 통해 우리나라의 7개 유역에 대해서는 ECMWF 의 GCM 자료가 우기(6월∼9월)에 대해 인근 노드점의 자료를 평균하여 사용되어 질 경우 효율적인 것으로 나타났으나, 건기(10월∼5월)의 경우 구분 능력이 부족한 것으로 판단된다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2019

본 연구는 대학생의 학과만족도, 자아정체감, 지각된 스트레스와 대학생활 적응 정도를 알아보고, 대학생활 적응에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위해 시도되었다. 대학교 신입생 210명을 연구대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 사용하였고, 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN22.0 프로그램으로 하였다. 대학생활적응과 학과만족도(r=.216, p<.001), 자아정체감(r=395, p<.001)은 유의한 상관관계를 보였고, 대학생활적응을 예측하는 모형의 통계적 유의성을 검정한 결과, F 통계값은 12.22, 유의확률은 .000으로 제변수들이 유의수준 0.1에서 대학생활적응을 유의하게 설명하고 있으며, 대학생활적응도를 44%가 제변수에 의해 설명되고 있다. 제변수들을 고려하여 대학생활적응 프로그램을 개발한다면, 대학생들의 적응능력 향상에 긍정적인 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.74-82
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• 1998

해양구조물의 피로에 대해 확률론적으로 안전성을 평가하는 기법을 개발하기 위하여, 피로해석 과정에서 유입되는 불확실한 요소들을 검토하여 이들의 확률분포를 현재까지의 자료를 이용하여 최선으로 추정하였으며, 피로해석기법으로는 Simplified Method를 이용하여 피로신뢰성해석 모델을 개발하였다. 또한 실제의 자켓형 해양구조물을 대상으로 피로신뢰성 해석을 수행하였으며, 각 불확실성 요소가 피로수명에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 각 요소들의 상대적 중요성을 검토하였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.301-317
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• 2011

Statistical and probabilistic behaviors of fibers forming fiber webs of all kinds are of great significance in the determination of the uniformity and physical properties of the webs commonly found in many industrial products such as filters, membranes and non-woven fabrics. However, in studying the spatial geometry of the webs the observations must be theoretically as well as experimentally confined within a specified unit area. This paper provides a general theory and framework for computer simulation for quantifying the fiber segments bounded by the unit area in consideration of the "edge effects" resulting from the truncated length segments within the boundary. The probability density function and the first and second moments of the length segments found within the counting region were derived by properly defining the seeding region and counting region.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2012

We propose some properties for a fuzzy correlation test by reduced-spread fuzzy variance for sample fuzzy data. First, we define the condition of fuzzy data for repeatedly observed data or that which includes error term data. By using the average of spreads for fuzzy numbers, we reduce the spread of fuzzy variance and define the agreement index for the degree of acceptance and rejection. Given a non-normal random fuzzy sample, we have bivariate normal distribution by apply Box-Cox power fuzzy transformation and test the fuzzy correlation for independence between the variables provided by the agreement index.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.299-306
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• 1995

This study was carried to find out relationships between water content and sugar content in fruit and vegetables and present the possibility of estimating sugar content by measuring water content. Water content and sugar content of melons, peaches, and apples were measured. Both F-test and linear regression analysis on the experimental data were done. The regression models were developed and validated. The results were summarized as follow : 1. According to the F-test, the coefficients of determinant were greater than 0.8, and significance probability was less than 0.0001 in each materials. 2. According to the regression analysis of melons, peaches, and apples, the standard errors of calibration(SEC) were 0.67 brix%, 0.82 brix%, and 0.72 brix%, respectively. 3. The standard errors of prediction(SEP) were 0.76 brix%, 1.03 brix%, and 0.77 brix%, respectively. 4. The relationship between sugar content and water content in apple was successfully applied to measure the sugar content from hydrogen NMR spectrum of apple samples.