• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.739-744
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• 2012

The plant Empetrum nigrum, valued in the traditional system of medicine, is well known for its antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. In the present work, the effect of removal of shoot apical meristem (SAM) on shoot proliferation was studied. It was observed that removal of SAM promoted shoot proliferation whereas intact tip resulted in higher survival percentage. Further, the effect of different concentrations of BA on above was also studied. During root formation the effect of light quality after treatment with IBA was investigated. For rooting, continuous red light without IBA resulted in maximum rooting percentage. The above factors when taken into consideration during micropropagation of this endangered plant can result in healthier plantlets. The results show that the species could be successfully conserved by in vitro propagation system.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.315-318
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• 2007

An effective rapid propagation method was established through in vitro cultures of the medicinal plant, Cudrania tricuspidata. In vitro plantlets were obtained from in vitro germinated seeds. The various levels of cytokinins (BAP, Kinetin and TDZ) were tested on multiple shoot formation from plantlets. BAP (1.0 mg/l) treatment induced highest number of multiple shoots. Single shoot cultures gave higher initial shoot numbers than 5 shoots per culture. Among the various culture media, the shoot elongation was optimal on 2 MS basal medium without growth regulators. The IAA (2.0 mg/l) treatment induced highest number of roots. IBA (2.0 mg/l) treatment more promoted in vitro root growth than other concentrations. Rooted shoots were transferred directly to small pots with an artificial soil and successfully acclimatized.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.50
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• pp.176-182
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• 2023

Plant regeneration protocols for adventitious shoot organogenesis from apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') leaf explants were developed in the present study. The effects of dark incubation periods in the early stages of culture, pre-treatment methods, the number of explants per culture container, the type of culture containers, and the orientation of the explants on culture media were evaluated to determine the optimal shoot regeneration conditions for 'Fuji' apple leaf explants. Light incubation of explants produced minimal response. However, dark incubation of explants for 4 weeks during the initial culture period enhanced shoot regeneration frequency. Comparing the number of explants per container, a higher percentage of shoot regeneration was obtained with nine explants per container compared with four explants per container. Pre-treatment, before culture, by dipping explants in a liquid regeneration medium containing 40 g/L of sorbitol for 2 hours produced the highest shoot formation rate, and the time of shoot formation was accelerated. The percentage of shoot regeneration and number of shoots per regenerating explant reached a maximum of 87.5% and 4.7, respectively. The regenerated shoots were elongated and rooted on a rooting medium of 1/4 MS with 0.2 mg/L IBA. The plantlets were successfully acclimatized, and the regenerated plants produced normal phenotypes.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.197-201
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• 2004

Shoot clusters were induced from bulb scales of Lilium longiflorum 'Geogia', and proliferated on medium containing 0.5 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L IAA. Thereafter, these shoot clusters were cultured in 5 L air-lift bioreactors to form and grow normal bulblets. Number of bulblets increased on medium with 30 g/L sucrose, but growth of bulblets was effective on medium with 60 g/L sucrose. The number of bulblets from shoot clusters had no differences, though bulblet growth was very effective on medium with between full and double strength of MS salts. The inoculation of 100 g shoot clusters as a cultural material was suitable for formation and growth of bulblets in 5 L bioreactors. Air-lift type was more effective for the formation and growth of bulblets than that in ebb and flood one, and 200∼300 mL$.$min$^{-1}$ injection of air was suitable in growth of bulblets.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2001

Shoot tips of grape were cultured in uitro and tried to identify optimal culture conditions for regeneration, multiple shoot formation from meristemoid tissue and those subsequent elongation of multi-shoots. Healthy growing shoots were taken in early May, rinsed with running tap water, soaked in a neutral detergent and washed with soft brushing, and washed out with tap water, then sterilized with 10g Ca(ClO)$_2$/140 mL distilled water (Wilson's solution) for 5 min. Survival percentage of the cultures which were sterilized as above procedures was highly increased, compared with the other sterilized method. Propagation of multi-shoots from meristemoid showed a good response in 3/4 strength MS medium enriched with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 3.0 mg/L BA. Shoot elongation from multi-shooting clump well occurred in 3/4 strength MS medium supplemented with 80 mg/L adenine sulfate, 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0~2.0 mg/L BA.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

Dendrobium candidum Wallich ex Lindley is a traditional Chinese medicine plant and has been widely used for medicinal and ornamental purposes. In this study, several different factors affecting micro propagation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) such as basal media, plant growth regulators, and carbon sources. The proliferation PLB derived from seeds was the best in $H_3P_4$ basal medium containing $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA and $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Kinetin. PLB growth was the best when $10g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose was added to the carbon atoms in the medium. The rate of shoot formation from the propagated PLB was the highest in 1/4 MS or $H_1P_2$ medium containing $10g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose, and the shoot length was longer than the others.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.502-507
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• 2022

In the present study, plant regeneration through adventitious shoot formation from hypocotyl segments of in vitro seedlings of groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) was investigated to determine the optimum culture conditions for highly efficient regeneration of the species. Adventitious shoots in hypocotyl segments were efficiently induced on MS media with low concentrations of BAP, specifically, with 0.5-1.0 mg/L BAP singly or in combination with 0.1-0.5 mg/L NAA. The 1.0 mg/L BAP single treatment was most effective for forming multiple adventitious shoots. When the induced shoots were transferred to the root induction media, low concentrations of NAA, IBA, and IAA enhanced the development of adventitious roots from adventitious shoots, suggesting that low concentrations of auxins were optimal for producing regenerated plantlets. The number of roots per shoot was large (> 2.0), and the root length exceeded 8.0 cm. In particular, the development and the overall shape of the roots were ideal. Furthermore, the number and length of shoots exceeded 2 and 6.0 cm, respectively. When the regenerated plantlets were transferred to compost soil, the root and shoot systems had developed well to the point that all of the regenerated plantlets acclimated successfully, resulting in normal morphology and growth characteristics, similar to those of the mother plant. Therefore, plant regeneration via adventitious shoot formation is expected to be one of the main methods for producing groundcherry on a large scale for a stable supply of the raw materials.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.62-67
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• 1989

A breeding program in progress at Suweon Livestock Experiment Station, RDA, involves the hybridization of italian ryegrass (Lm) and several leading forage grasses in an effort to combine the nutritive, productivity and palatability qualities of Lm with the adaptive and cold resistance qual; .les of several leading grasses. In order to study the fate of the hybridization between remotely related species, immatured hybrid embryos were cultured on media. The emasculated plants of Lm were Sikem and Tetrone. Reweille, 2n=14, of perennial ryegrass (Lp.), Forager, 2n=42, of tall fescue(Fa), First, 2n=14,of meadow fescue(Fp), Potomac, 2n=28, of orchardgrass(Dg), and Richmond, 2n=42, of timothy(Ph.p) were used as pollinators. Embryos were isolated on 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days after pollination and cultured them on modified Murashige and Skoog media. Calluses and plantlets have been obtained after 8 days old embryos crossing between $Lm{\times}Fa$, after 12 days embryos crossing between $Lm{\times}Lp$, Dg, and Ph.p, and after 16 days embryos crossing between $Lm{\times}Fp$. Both callus and shoot formation occurred on 6 % or less of the plated embryos of $Lm{\times}Fp$, Dg, and Ph.p. Embryoderived callus forming shoots have been obtained from 4 days old embryo crossing between $Lm{\times}Dg$ which has not successfully been done anywhere as far as we know. It means that hybrid plants of species without crossability can be obtained through the use of immatured embryo culture. Some of plated embryos developed directly shoots from embryos and the others shoot-forming callus. Cross between related species showed a high frequency of directly shoot formation from plated embryos and cross between remotely related species a high frequency of callus formation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 1989

This study was conducted to determine the effect of growth regulators, IBA, GA, and BA, on the adventitious bud formation, shoot differentiation, and inflorescence development in embryo culture of Korean ginseng. The adventitious bud formation and shoot differentiation were significantly promoted by application of a combination of 1 ma/l IBA and 5 mg/l GA. The adventitious buds had the primordial shoots and were differentiated as to plantlets. About 5 to 10 adventitious buds developed around the basal axis of the epicotyle of the ginseng embryo, and development of inflorescence was possible only after shoot differentiation. The MS medium supplemented with a combination of 3 mal 1 each of IBA, GA, and BA was most effective for in vitro inflorescence development, and the ratio of inflorescence formation was 18.4%.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.605-610
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• 2009

Cupressinocladus sp. found from the upper part of the Jinju Formation of the Shindong Group, Korea is described here based on the newly found leafy shoots. This species is characterized by the branched leafy shoot with decussate scale leaves. The presence of Cupressinocladus in the Jinju Formation indicates that the Early Cretaceous flora-sites in Eastern Eurasia are in a close association with territories of the mixed-type floras. The finding of this species records the first report for the Nakdong flora.